Qian Li was born in October 1915 in a family of rural teachers in Huashu Town, Jiangyin County, Jiangsu Province. As a teenager, the profound humanistic accumulation in southern Jiangsu, the poor life of scholars and the edification and tempering of strict court training made the belief that "if you are not a good doctor, you will be a good doctor" deeply rooted in the heart of this rural student. In this family, first, the eldest son became a doctor, that is, Professor Qian Tuan (196 ~ 26), a famous infectious disease scientist, medical educator, former vice president of Shanghai First Medical College and president of Chongqing Medical College. Influenced and funded by his elder brother, Qian Li then embarked on the road of studying medicine. A poor rural family has produced two well-known medical school deans and deputies to the National People's Congress, and we can't help but admire the rural teacher's profound vision of paying attention to children's education.
after studying in Shanghai medical college, Qian Li received the inculcation and strict training from a group of the best pioneers of modern medical education in China at that time in the extremely difficult environment where the Japanese invaders invaded China for a long time. The school spirit of "respecting science and patients" in his alma mater has gradually cultivated his ethics of practicing medicine and studying, and also formed his personal characteristics of lifelong struggle. In particular, four brothers, sisters and sisters of Qian Li's family were killed by the Japanese aggressors at the same time, and the hatred of the country and family made him form a strong sense of justice in his youth. After graduating from medical school in 1941, Qian Li worked in Chongqing and Guiyang Central Hospital successively. At that time, the living conditions in the rear area were extremely difficult, but a group of pioneers and elites of modern Chinese medicine were concentrated in Shanghai Medical College and Central Hospital in Chongqing. As a young surgeon, it was there that Qian Li received the direct guidance and beating from famous surgeons such as Shen Kefei, Wang Lixian and Professor Huang Jiasi, and received the most stringent basic training in all aspects, such as studying, doing things and even being a man. Later, he was sent to join the China Red Cross Rescue Corps in Guiyang Central Hospital, worked in Baoshan, mangshi and other border areas with the Chinese Expeditionary Force, and entered Myanmar. He devoted himself to the sacred anti-Japanese campaign to open the Yunnan-Myanmar road, and treated countless wounded and civilians in the field operation team for more than a year, and also honed his field surgical skills. After the Anti-Japanese War, Qian Li returned to the mainland and transferred to Nanjing Central Hospital (now the predecessor of nanjing general hospital of nanjing military command). The professional work of this first-class big hospital at that time enabled him to increase his knowledge, broaden his horizons, be familiar with and master the clinical characteristics and various classic surgical procedures of abdominal surgery, and have the ability to work independently. In 1947, Qian Li came to Hangzhou to seek greater development in his career. He first worked in Hangzhou Citizen Hospital, and later joined Zhejiang University Medical College (renamed Zhejiang Medical College after the department adjustment in the early 195s). In 1958, he was transferred to Wenzhou Medical College and worked as a warm doctor for 26 years. In 1983, it was transferred back to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Medical University. In 1993, he was approved by the Ministry of Personnel to "suspend his retirement and continue to engage in research and writing", so he served as an in-service professor in the Medical Department of Zhejiang University until his death.
In the early 195s, Qian Li worked in the Department of Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Medical College, and served as the director of the teaching and research group of the General Department of Surgery.
He is also the pioneer of tumor surgery in Zhejiang. In the mid-195s, he successively sent doctors in the department to study abroad, and began to purchase equipment. He set up an oncology department in the Second Hospital of Zhejiang Medical University, and organized the clinical, pathological and radiotherapy work of tumors. This department later became the technical basis of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, the earliest cancer hospital established in China, and many business backbones at that time later became famous oncology experts in the whole province.
In the autumn of p>1958, Qian Lifeng was transferred to southern Zhejiang to participate in the establishment of Wenzhou Medical College, which was undoubtedly a great blow to his ambition to devote himself to the cause of tumor surgery. However, he unconditionally obeyed the organization's mobilization and devoted himself to new medical, teaching and scientific research work under extremely difficult working and living conditions. In his medical practice, he deeply realized that most of the primary hospitals were mainly engaged in abdominal surgery at that time, so he resolutely shifted his business focus to abdominal surgery, and tirelessly explored, thought and summarized in this field, further accumulating rich clinical experience. Under his leadership, the professional level of general surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Warm Medicine has been greatly improved.
During his 26 years working in Wenzhou, Qian Li traveled all over the mountains and rivers in southern Zhejiang, and went to the grassroots for consultation, guiding difficult operations and rescuing critically ill patients countless times. He worked tirelessly, indifferent to fame and fortune, and everything started from the needs of patients, making positive contributions to relieving the suffering of people in southern Zhejiang, where traffic was blocked and conditions were difficult.
Qian Li is also an excellent medical educator. He and his colleagues started from scratch in a large paddy field outside the south gate of Wenzhou, and founded Wenzhou Medical College, the first institution of higher learning in southern Zhejiang. He has taught "General Surgery" and "Surgery" for decades. His lectures are persuasive and simple, and he is good at mobilizing students' learning enthusiasm, which is well received and praised by students. The vivid scenes of his lectures are still deeply imprinted in the memories of students forty or fifty years ago, and they are still relished by them today.
during his tenure as the director of the teaching and research group of general surgery in Zhejiang medical college, Qian Li clearly realized that compiling and using his own teaching materials is an important basic construction to improve teachers' ability and teaching quality. In 1953, he wrote a 38,-word lecture on General Surgery, which was well received by his peers.
in p>1955, universities began to use unified textbooks, and the General Introduction to Surgery used at that time was edited by Rufanov of the Soviet Union. In the teaching practice, Qian Li found that there were many mistakes and fallacies in the textbook. Therefore, in 1956, at the great political risk at that time, he published a book review of "After Reading Rufanov's General Surgery Book" in the Chinese Journal of Surgery, and made pertinent criticism on the shortcomings and even principled mistakes of the textbook, showing his academic conscience and moral courage. After the publication of this article, it has produced repercussions in scientific and academic circles at home and abroad.
Not long after working in Wenzhou, the working environment and reality made him come up with the idea of filling the gap in domestic abdominal surgery monographs, and he quickly put it into action. From conception, outline compilation, data collection to repeated revision, after six years of painstaking desk work, the 1.3 million-word and hundreds of illustrations of Abdominal Surgery, which was reviewed by professors Shen Kefei and Cui Zhiyi of Shanghai First Medical College, was released. However, just as Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing House had typesetting and proofreading the manuscript, ten years of turmoil began, and the publication of the book was delayed for seven years.
Abdominal Surgery was finally published in p>1973, and the first print of 8, copies was sold out. This is one of the earliest monographs published in the field of abdominal surgery in China, which has influenced a generation of general surgeons around the age of 6, and has been widely quoted by many scholars' papers and works. Many general surgery scientists have learned a lot from studying this book. Professor Huang Jiefu, a famous surgeon and vice minister of health, once recalled that he also read Qian Lao's monograph as a desk book at any time. More grassroots general surgeons regarded getting a copy of Abdominal Surgery as a blessing in life, studied it from time to time, gradually familiarized the main points in the book with their chests, and then guided the younger generation of general surgeons with the principles and experiences put forward in this book. A book makes Qian Li have a teacher-student relationship with countless young and middle-aged general surgeons who have never met before. As one reader said, when I read this monograph carefully, I can't express my admiration and admiration for Qian Lao.
The development history of general surgery, which focuses on abdominal surgery, is quite long. The diseases it covers are not only varied, but also unpredictable and unpredictable. Therefore, compared with other specialties in the surgical field, it is difficult to achieve groundbreaking results. Qian Li has long adhered to the front-line clinical work. He is good at thinking about cases and systematically summarizing theories. At the same time, he is good at absorbing the academic nutrition of others, including foreign literature, and forming his own insights. The publication of Abdominal Surgery is the crystallization of his practice and thinking. Every disease involved in the book, especially many chapters about acute abdomen in abdominal surgery, he almost vividly introduced his experience or lessons in diagnosis and treatment, and used a large number of cases and data to demonstrate various viewpoints at home and abroad, even if they disagreed with personal opinions, they were introduced realistically, and clearly pointed out the shortcomings or limitations of some viewpoints and methods, so as to draw readers' attention in practice. He impressed the readers with his diligent, rigorous, realistic and erudite scholarship spirit and profound and unique academic opinions.
Since then, he has written and published Abdominal Surgery 2nd Edition (1.6 million words, 1982), Breast Diseases (4, words, 1983) and Thyroid Diseases (4, words, 1984). And edited monographs such as Modern General Surgery.
Diagnostic Ideas and Procedures for Surgical Diseases (1st edition, 51, words, 1994; The 2nd edition, 68, words, 2) is another masterpiece of Qian Li in his later years. He believes that the "differential diagnosis" that has been used in clinic so far has many limitations, pointing out that "it is better to have a unified understanding of how to deal with a difficult case step by step than to diagnose it, and gradually clarify the truth of the lesion in the process of treatment" and put forward a brand-new "analysis diagnosis". It is emphasized that the risk of operation, the benefit rate and the patient's tolerance should be considered comprehensively and the correct treatment should be made. At the same time, it is advocated that medical education should pay attention to the systematic training of relevant abilities from the students at school.
In addition to these monographs, Qian Li has published dozens of papers. He has worked hard for more than six million words by himself, and is the most prolific author in the field of surgery in modern China. Among these works, Abdominal Surgery and Diagnostic Ideas and Procedures of Surgical Diseases are his most important works, and he is also famous all over the country because of their important academic influence.
In the spring of p>26, Qian Li Abdominal Surgery, which was co-edited by Professor Qian Li, Academician Zheng Shusen, Professor Zhang Qiyu and other well-known middle-aged general surgery experts in China, was published by People's Health Publishing House, which is one of the few monographs with the name of a physician. Editors believe that Professor Qian Li's two versions of the original work on the principles of clinical diagnosis and treatment and the experience and lessons are still to be followed and used for reference by the surgical community. The skill of the original work is so profound and its style is so unique. Therefore, apart from adding some new basic theories and technological innovations, the style, chapter order and content of the original work are basically unchanged, which well reflects the inheritance and development of the original work. Professor Qian Li was the deputy head of the advisory group of the third and fourth Council of Zhejiang Medical Association, honorary president of the fifth to seventh Council, and a senior member of the association.
He has been paying close attention to the work of Zhejiang Surgery Branch. During the twenty-six years from 1978 to the end of 23, he always actively participated in the organization of the activities of the Surgery Branch. He pays attention to developing academic democracy, unites his colleagues in the Surgery Branch, carefully plans and organizes every academic activity of the Branch, and conducts academic exchanges closely around the latest progress of the discipline and the diagnosis and treatment of common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases, so that participants can learn lessons and promote the development of general surgery in the province.
in order to strengthen the exemplary role of provincial and Hangzhou hospitals in general surgery in the province, he advocated the general surgery fellowship activities in major hospitals in Hangzhou. He has long insisted on attending rounds of general surgery in five hospitals in Hangzhou, such as the First Hospital of Zhejiang Medical University, the Second Hospital of Zhejiang Medical University, the People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, the First Hospital of Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine and the First Hospital of Hangzhou, organized planned seminars, divided work and cooperation, and concentrated everyone's wisdom to form a * * * knowledge about clinical hot and difficult diseases, and then extended it to the whole province through academic annual meetings.
In order to expand communication and enhance the status of general surgery research in Zhejiang, he proposed to set up a surgical cooperation group in six provinces and one city in East China. This organization carries out activities regularly, and forms a good interaction with academic activities in Zhejiang, which promotes Zhejiang general surgery academic circles to better broaden their horizons and move towards the whole country.
In academic activities, Qian Li influenced and educated young and middle-aged surgeons with his rigorous academic thoughts, profound academic attainments and caring heart for saving lives. His tireless master style strengthened young doctors' interest and determination to devote themselves to surgery.
Qianli United Surgery Branch carried out fruitful academic exchange activities, which made it among the most dynamic branches of Zhejiang Medical Association and laid a solid foundation for its successors to carry out their work. Qian Li is a deputy to the Sixth and Seventh National People's Congress, a member of the Seventh and Eighth Central Committees of the Jiu San Society and a central senator. He actively participated in the discussion of state affairs, made suggestions and assumed the social responsibility that an intellectual should have. Up to now, many people still clearly remember the scene that happened suddenly at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh National People's Congress in April 1988: after a plenary session entered the speech procedure, he was the first to raise his hand and stand up to speak, questioning that there was no member of western medicine in the Education, Science, Culture and Health Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, which was unprecedented in the political life of the country at that time-how much courage it needed! This move stunned our family and many familiar friends and colleagues who watched the live TV broadcast of the conference at that time, and became a hot topic of media coverage for a time. In response, he said, "I only considered the interests of the country, and I didn't think much about anything else." This suggestion was adopted and Professor Wu Jieping was added to the committee.
Qian Li used to be the director of Zhejiang Senior Health Technical Position Jury and the director of Zhejiang Medical Accident Appraisal Committee for many years. Faced with these two scientific and policy-oriented tasks, he always acted impartially and made great contributions to the smooth development of these two important tasks in Zhejiang. Although he is an octogenarian, Qian Li continues to contribute his meager strength to the society. He has made many generous donations to the Red Cross and the Charity Federation to help those in need. In recent years, after donating 2, yuan to Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area, another 15, yuan was donated to Yushu earthquake-stricken area. In February 211, Professor Qian Li was awarded the title of "Advanced Individual in Disaster Relief" by Hangzhou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government at the age of 97. After his death, the Red Cross Society of Hangzhou posthumously awarded him the "Humanism, Philanthropy and Dedication Award". From Professor Qian Li's clinical practice and works, we can clearly see the context of his academic thought. In particular, he emphasized that doctors should base themselves on the actual situation of patients and master the three links of "seeking the truth, focusing on details, differentiating and diagnosing the key points and dealing with problems dialectically"; In particular, it emphasizes that surgical treatment must ensure the patient's current safety and take care of the long-term effect. These discourses of "proceeding from the patient's reality" reflect the philosophical basis of his academic thought of "seeking truth from facts". He repeatedly stressed that surgeons should have a meticulous scientific attitude, logical dialectical thinking, follow principles and pay attention to details, standardize disposal and be good at coping with emergencies, and so on. These expositions vividly demonstrated his academic accomplishment and rich connotation of thinking art. We can see that his academic thoughts formed through creative labor are highly consistent with the essence of "evidence-based medicine" put forward after the 199s, which has had a great influence in the field of surgery in China.
For quite a long time, academic contention was often overshadowed by politics in China. Telling the truth academically may cause trouble or even bring disaster. To dare to uphold the truth and correct fallacies academically, we need not only the ability to distinguish between true and false, but also the moral courage to dare to tell the truth. Qian Li is not only academic,