Freezing point supplement
Speaking of Germany's Shu and his brother and sister, the end of the film appeared.
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When Sophia was shaken up on the morning of her execution, she sat on the bed in the prison and told her dream: "On a sunny day, I was pregnant with a baby to be baptized ... suddenly a deep glacier flowed out in front of me, and I just put the baby beside me and fell into the abyss. That child is our belief. Nothing can stop it from growing. We are its pioneers, but before it comes of age, we will die for it. "
That night, I drank a little revolutionary wine, turned on the old color TV and heard "Long live freedom"
That winter night in 2003. 165438+1October 28th, an unforgettable day.
I just had dinner and sat upstairs on the ninth floor of the student dormitory in Gobi Street, Li Guang District, Berlin. I can't write it because I drank a little revolutionary wine. I started to fold my socks, while turning on the old color TV set given by my German friend to listen to the sound and get ready for bed.
Zweites deutsches fernsehen is broadcasting "German Jie Jun" to select the top ten celebrities in German history. I took a casual look. Although we are poor teachers in developing countries, we are no strangers to TV stations, which attract audiences. What can be wonderful?
Wonderful beyond imagination!
Geschwister Scholl from brothers and sisters.
1943 at 4 pm on February 22nd, Nazi Germany was less than 1000 days away from extinction. They were executed in Munich Gestapo prison for distributing anti-Nazi leaflets at Munich University. Contrary to the strict delay in German tradition, the efficiency of Nazi courts is amazing. They were arrested on February 8, 2008, tried on February 22, and executed on the same day.
Before the execution, the jailer brought Sophia, Hans and their comrade-in-arms Propst together, and they smoked the last cigarette together. "I never thought it would be so easy to die." Propst said, "Let's meet again in eternity later." Then, they went to the execution ground, led by Sophia. She didn't even blink. The executioner said that he had never seen a condemned man so desperate.
When he went to the guillotine, Hans shouted, "Long live freedom!" " "
Keep silent companions awake at night.
Scientific research has proved that as a biological species, the greatest fear of human beings is death, because the death of individuals means the extinction of species. Therefore, people's fear of death has nothing to do with the size of courage. This relationship exists in genes. So, what made Shu and his brothers and sisters transcend this fear rooted in genes?
Faith! Their belief is that tyranny like Nazi has no reason to exist on our beautiful planet.
The hatred of the Shu brothers and sisters for the Nazis did not fall from the sky. On the contrary, they all fervently believed in the Nazis. Hans/Kloc-joined the Hitler Youth League at the age of 0/5, and Sophia/Kloc-joined the German Girls Union at the age of 0/2. They enthusiastically participated in all the activities of Nazi organizations and became the leaders of these two organizations because of their enthusiasm and creativity.
What you do is your destiny. Hitler called all those who turned against him "traitors" and always believed that the main reason for his failure was "betrayal". He didn't understand until his death that it was not others but himself who turned these fanatics into "traitors" He became a "shit pile despised by human beings", which is his own fate.
1942 After the allied air strikes in Cologne, Schmoller and Hans Schuh distributed their own printed leaflets for the first time. The third theme of the leaflet, in the endless darkness of Nazi rule, sounded a deafening metallic sound: Germans who silently obeyed the Nazis were accomplices of Nazi evil!
A silent accomplice under duress. This is an almost unbearable crime, however, it is also a common and accurate crime in human history.
From the day when there was a society, human beings had "mainstream public opinion". Fierce people make history, and the minority is subordinate to the majority. The mainstream of society is all kinds of fierce people, and the mainstream public opinion representing the majority is often the will of these fierce people. Mainstream public opinion is more contagious than SARS, and once it comes, it will wipe out the whole army.
Shu and his younger brother and sister are a finger that can bend for thousands of years in Germany. In Germany from 65438 to 0942, ordinary people were deeply poisoned by Goebbels shameless fascist propaganda, and most of them adhered to Nazi teachings; Although the rest of the people don't like Nazi teachings, the German people's deep-rooted obedience psychology of "executing orders is not a crime" makes them prefer to close their eyes in the face of reality.
The greatness of the Shu brothers and sisters lies in their courage to challenge this cowardly "mainstream public opinion". At the end of the fourth leaflet, they pointedly warned the German accomplice of silence: "We are no longer silent. We are your conscience. White roses will definitely keep you awake at night! "
Now someone should die fighting tyranny!
In fact, Shu and his brothers and sisters are neither powerful government officials, nor world-famous tutors, nor two ordinary college students. They should bear social morality. What does the rise and fall of the world have to do with me Study hard and become a white-collar worker after graduation. Why fight Hitler? Just two college students shaking hands with Hitler's Nazi war machine is like throwing eggs at a stone.
Most Germans thought so at that time. It is precisely because they all think so that Hitler can overrun the world, Hitler can kill people like hemp, and Hitler can bring unparalleled catastrophe to Jews first and then to Germans.
All tyrants in history are used to being intimidated by silent people. Therefore, every specific "person" is responsible for the appearance of the tyrant!
Shu and his brothers and sisters knew that their chances of winning were slim, but they stood up bravely and made the first egg for heaven. Their spirit is closely related to a great man in China at the end of 19, that is, * * and the hero who failed in reform because of the incompetence of the emperor's cold feet, but clearly wanted to stay and pay homage to his head: "If there are no walkers, who will plan the future; Without the dead, who will boost morale! Political reform is always accompanied by bloodshed. Bleeding, please start at the same time! "
Tan Sitong, this great name is like a lightning Shi Huo in his mind, and it is a bolt from the blue as soon as it is exported!
This is Zivil's courage-ordinary people are not afraid of authority, resist all oppression and throw eggs at stones, which is very sonorous courage. I translated it as "civilian courage".
Sophia is a petite and gentle girl. I fell in love with her at first sight Not because her birthday is May 9th, just like mine, but because she is a typical example of ordinary people's courage and amazing beauty of youth.
Although the courage of civilians is beautiful, it is very weak, and dictators like Hitler don't pay attention to it. He noticed that the opposition, who held military power in the army, planted bombs to kill him several times. It is said that Hitler specially ordered the hanging of those revolutionaries to be made into a movie and watched repeatedly as a dessert. College students like Shu and his brothers and sisters may be executed without Hitler's knowledge.
Hitler was wrong. He doesn't understand "condemnation, death", he doesn't understand "people are invincible". Shu and his brothers and sisters are insignificant, but their strength lies in being insignificant. They are insignificant seeds of Nazi mountains at the bottom. There is no sunshine, no rain, no fertile soil and even no space. However, they tenaciously send out tender buds, tenaciously stretch out indomitable roots, tenaciously bloom dazzling flowers and tenaciously bear irresistible fruits. Yes, they don't have Goebbels' films, TV, newspapers, magazines and other propaganda tools covering the whole German society. They only have a thin mimeographed leaflet. However, the lethality of this thin page is beyond the reach of all Goebbels' propaganda machines. They not only dare to throw eggs at the stone, but even hit the hardest part of the stone: "Every word from Hitler's mouth is a lie ... people who still don't believe in Nazi evil today are far from understanding the metaphysical background of this war ... We must strike it at the most powerful place of evil, and this most powerful place is Hitler's power!" (leaflet no.4)
Two days before the brothers and sisters were arrested, Sophia told a friend: "Many people have died from this tyranny, and now someone should die from resisting this tyranny!"
People who are fearless because of ignorance exist in all countries, but Shu and his younger brothers and sisters are fearless because they know well.
Hans wrote in a letter 1942: "I firmly believe that pain has infinite power. Real pain is like a bathtub, from which we will be reborn. " When he left the death row in Munich, he wrote on the wall with a pencil: "Be kind to yourself in order to resist all violence!" " "He had a hunch that he would go to prison again. During his internship in Russia, he wrote a diary: "Maybe I will go to prison again, maybe for the third or fourth time. Prison is not the most terrible thing, maybe it is even the best thing ... I found love in prison, and I must die with love, because love never asks for anything in return, because love doesn't need to pay any price. "
The leaflets distributed by the brothers and sisters predicted the basic principles of European unification today, which can be found word for word in the European Charter 60 years later.
So, what made Shu and his brothers and sisters forget the fear and pain? What makes them go beyond pain easily and die calmly? The answer lies in the sixth and final leaflet written by Professor Huber and distributed by Shu and his brothers and sisters: "Freedom and dignity! In the past ten years, these two wonderful German words have been squeezed dry by Hitler and his associates, and their branches and leaves have been cut off and their necks have been twisted, which makes people feel sick. Only a clumsy amateur actor like Hitler can successfully throw the supreme value of a nation into the pigsty. In the past ten years, they have deprived the German people of all their material and spiritual freedom and destroyed all their moral foundations, which fully proves what they call freedom and dignity ... students! The German people are watching us! They are waiting for us! We defeated Napoleon's tyranny in 18 13, and now we will destroy Nazi tyranny with the same spiritual strength! "
Three years later, in July 1946, 1 1, in the Far East, Kuomintang agents brazenly assassinated Li Gongpu, a democracy fighter. Four days later, at the memorial service in Li Gongpu, Wen Yiduo, another democracy fighter, contributed his "last words": "If you kill a Li Gongpu, a million Li Gongpu in Qian Qian will stand up! ..... We will all cross that door like Mr. Li Gongpu, and we are not going to cross back! " After the speech, Mr. Wen Yiduo was assassinated by Kuomintang agents when he walked out of the venue, and really failed to return to his home he had just left.
Sure enough, tens of millions of Li Gongpu stood up and tens of millions of Wen Yiduo stood up. At that time, patriotic youths went straight to Yan 'an. The Kuomintang fell like this. At that time, the Kuomintang did not understand that killing Wen Yiduo was tantamount to suicide.
It was Wen Yiduo who wrote the great patriotic poem Song of Seven Sons, which touched countless young people in China again at the glorious moment of Macao's return to the motherland half a century later. Like him, he is a well-deserved freedom fighter who can fight side by side with Shu brothers and sisters.
Freedom is always a truly beautiful and moving word. 1789, the French parliament, which had just crossed the stormy waves of the bourgeois revolution, passed the Declaration of Human Rights drafted by Galeries Lafayette, declaring for the first time that "everyone is born free". You know, France at that time was one of the countries with the most strict hierarchy in the world. How brave it took Lafayette to say this! The Declaration of Human Rights stipulates that people are born with natural and inalienable rights, which are "equality, freedom, security and property". The main purpose of the existence of the state and the government is to protect these inalienable rights of the people.
1948 and signed by most countries in the world, the United Nations Declaration on Human Rights also holds that "all people are born free and equal in dignity and rights" and emphasizes that "the recognition of the inherent dignity, equality and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world."
So, what is "freedom"? The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights clearly points out: "Freedom is the right of people to do anything without harming the rights of others."
Freedom is a universally recognized right that people are born with.
After Sophia died, an indictment against her was found in her prison number. There are two words written on the back of the indictment: "freedom". They even predicted the basic principles of today's European unification in leaflets: "The foundation of the new Europe is: freedom of speech, freedom of belief, and protection of citizens from arbitrary bullying by state violence." Sixty years later, we can find these words almost word for word in the Charter of Europe drafted by former French President D 'Estaing. Can it be said that the prosperity of Germany today, which was destroyed by two world wars and left only ruins, has nothing to do with the generosity of Shu and its brothers and sisters?
What do you mean by "generous"? "Generosity" means high spirits, and "justice" means walking away.
Give up your life for justice! Shu and his younger brothers and sisters in their twenties are equivalent to our "Asian saints".
We in China pay attention to the concept of family. Traditionally, we say that the dead relatives will go home after they become ghosts, which is also the reason why some old people are unwilling to demolish. It is not that they don't know the new house is good. They are afraid that their dead relatives can't find their way home. But more than half a century ago, there was a place called Zhazidong in Geleshan, Chongqing. Several political prisoners in communist party wrote two sentences: "He is a seven-foot man who can give his life to be a hero for thousands of years."
That's the real hero with faith. They are the reason why the producers of * * * have laid a solid foundation.
Although Sophia is a woman, in my opinion, she is also a male ghost who will never go home. She slept soundly and had a dream on the eve of the execution. Her sister Inge recorded this: "When she woke up on the morning of Sophia's execution, she sat in the prison bed and told her just dream:' On a sunny day, I was baptized with a baby in my arms. The baby is wearing a white robe. You have to cross a steep mountain to get to the church. I held the baby tightly and walked up the hill. Suddenly a deep glacier stream appeared in front of me. I just put the baby beside me and fell into the abyss. Then, she explained her dream to her cellmate: "That baby is our belief. Nothing can stop it from growing. We are its pioneers, but we will die for it before it comes of age. " "
Really dying. They really don't have to go home, because death is freedom for them, and freedom is the home they will never tear down.
They think that the trial in the name of Nazi is the trial in the name of God. They are wrong.
"1On February 22nd, 943, the people's court sentenced Hans Shuhe, 24, Sophia Shuhe, 22 (both from Munich) and Christian Propst, 23 (Ardeans from Innsbruck) to death and deprived them of their citizenship. This judgment was executed on the same day. These unrepentant reactionary criminals wrote anti-state slogans on their houses, distributed leaflets plotting to subvert the country, and shamelessly committed heinous crimes against the resistance spirit of the German armed forces and the German people. Compared with the heroic resistance of the German people, such evil deeds deserve to be sentenced to death immediately in disgrace. "
In Germany under fascist rule, countless judgments were written in this way. At that time, the Nazis thought that fascist Germany was a thousand-year empire. At that time, they thought that trying in the name of Nazi was trying in the name of God. At that time, they thought that anyone executed in the name of Nazi would be discredited.
They don't know what they are doing.
Shu and his brothers and sisters are synonymous with civilian courage in Germany today. Not only many German primary and secondary schools are named after Shu and his brother and sister, but some even call for the name of Ludwig-maximilian University in Munich, which was founded in 1472. The present name of this university is the names of two founding kings. In Germany, a country where there are more than eight opinions on everything, and even a little tax reduction has to be debated in parliament for more than a year, all people are surprisingly consistent on one issue, that is, Shu and his brother and sister are "natural" role models for all young people. If this is also called "smearing", then we would rather be smeared!
Let's see who can stand shoulder to shoulder with the Shu brothers and sisters in the selection of "German Heroes": Chancellor Adenauer, who led Germany's post-war reconstruction, Martin Luther, who founded the Protestant leader and has 700 million followers around the world, and Marx, a great philosopher who laid the theoretical foundation of * * *. Let's see who is behind Shu and his brother and sister: German Chancellor Brandt, 1970, was knocked unconscious in front of the anti-Nazi uprising monument in Warsaw, Poland (so he was regarded as the representative of the Germans who really began to reflect on Nazi crimes); Bach, the music leader who founded the brilliant fugue dynasty; Goethe, the greatest writer in the world, is destined to do everything he divides; Gutenberg is considered as the inventor of modern printing in Germany; Bismarck, the bloody Prussian Prime Minister who unified the whole country for the first time in German history, and Einstein, a scientific genius who is recognized as having changed the world outlook of mankind.
Shu and his brothers and sisters are in front of these great men! If you smear such a reputation, think about what a great place it would be!
In modern society, people want to cross the river, and fast food culture is popular. The so-called "I don't care about eternity, I only care about having it". This sentence can be used to guide young people to fall in love, but it can also be perfunctory. If it is used to guide political behavior, it is far from it. Anyone who doesn't believe will become Hitler.
However, modern society is highly intelligent, and it is easy to see through its own "thin shadow and shallow water" small jasper; This society is more intelligent. It knows very well that it can never surpass its shallowness, just as we can never jump over our own shadow. What is lacking makes up for what is lacking, so this society especially likes to say "forever": forever Pan, forever, forever Zhang Ailing, forever … ...
How far is forever?
Always close at hand.
Forever, if you cut history into infinitely small cross sections, you can still find its vivid existence in every cross section.
Forever, it just doesn't have any effect, and it is passed down from generation to generation by the people.
Forever, to put it bluntly, it is to live in the hearts and mouths of the people.
I knew they died for me long before I was born.
That night, I enthusiastically participated in the whole selection, and voted repeatedly with trembling hands at the huge cost of voting by mobile phone. I voted not only for Shu and his brothers and sisters, but also for Goethe, Marx, Luther and Einstein.
Shu and his brothers and sisters finally won 5 million votes, which is an amazing proportion of TV viewers compared with Germany with a total population of 90 million.
Whether they are elected or not, my vote doesn't matter at all. However, this vote is very important to me. Because I learned enthusiasm, persistence, faith, fear of violence and death from them ... The key point is that I learned courage from them.
My vote is my own white rose.
White roses forever.
These six Chinese characters mean that White Rose will live in China forever.
I forgot to tell you the beautiful name of Shu and his brother and sister anti-fascist group: White Rose.
I forgot to tell you how the cowardly Nazis murdered Shu and his brothers and sisters:
They were beheaded and executed on the guillotine. Really shed your blood.
They died for everyone who loved freedom in the world. Regardless of color, race or age.
Watching their young and noble heads dance in eternity with the fall of the black hay cutter, watching their fiery and deep red blood spill all the way through history in the sun, my eyes at the age of 4 1 were filled with tears when I was at the age of 1943.
February 22nd, a day when spring is within reach.
That was before I was born.
But I know they died for me.