On the whole, China has made remarkable progress in health reform and development. China used less than 3% of the world's health resources to maintain the health of nearly15 people in the world. The average life expectancy has reached 76 years, and remarkable achievements have been made in medical and health undertakings. This achievement embodies the hard work and selfless dedication of nearly 10 million medical staff. Objectively speaking, the mainstream of doctor-patient relationship in China is good, and most patients and their families are positive, understanding and supportive of the work of medical workers. Over the past 60 years since the founding of New China, a large number of outstanding medical workers have emerged in China, including Hua Yiwei, Wang Zhongcheng, Wang, Wu, etc. Their touching stories show the mental outlook of contemporary medical workers and are loved and praised by the masses. However, at present, the contradiction between doctors and patients in China is prominent, especially the frequent occurrence of malignant injuries to doctors, which has sounded the alarm for us and reflected the reality of the tense relationship between doctors and patients to some extent. According to the statistics of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, in 20 13 years, there were about 70,000 disputes between doctors and patients in medical and health institutions nationwide. The absolute number of disputes between doctors and patients has indeed increased because the current ratio of medical visits to hospitalizations in China has doubled 10 years ago. In addition, with the advent of the era of online media, any sudden social events will be quickly spread and fermented, attracting countless onlookers and even malicious speculation. Medical disputes and other events are more likely to attract social attention, and even become a hot news spot for individuals to take the opportunity to speculate. However, the contradiction between doctors and patients or the dispute between doctors and patients is a very complicated problem, and any emotional cognition and treatment will not help solve the problem. We need to make a rational and in-depth analysis, explore the reasons from the aspects of both doctors and patients, the characteristics of medical activities, the current situation of medical and health system and social environment, clarify the essence of the doctor-patient relationship, and explore a long-term mechanism to build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship. Doctors take saving lives as their bounden duty, and "medicine" and "suffering" are by no means antagonistic, but consistent. The doctor-patient relationship, like comrades in the same trench, should be one of the most intimate relationships in the world. The essence of doctor-patient relationship is the community of health interests. Only when both doctors and patients unite as one and "share the same enemy" can we finally overcome the disease. Of course, due to the limitation of medical technology and the shortage of high-quality medical resources, some discordant notes will inevitably appear in the doctor-patient relationship. Generally speaking, there are five main reasons for the tension between doctors and patients. There is insufficient understanding of the characteristics of medical services, and the phenomenon of "unreasonable medical care" is still widespread. Medical service has its own characteristics and laws. Due to the limitations of medicine itself, it is not necessary to spend money to cure the disease. Medical service is not a real commodity transaction, and it is impossible to achieve equivalent exchange. Family members often find it more difficult to accept the outcome of both money and people when their loved ones are seriously ill and spend a lot of money, especially when they think that there is a fault in the diagnosis and treatment activities, they are more likely to have a fierce reaction and form contradictions and disputes between doctors and patients. At the same time, the first diagnosis and referral functions of primary medical institutions in China have not been fully brought into play, which has aggravated the contradiction between the ability to provide medical services and the growing health needs of the people. As a result, using experts from large hospitals to solve common diseases consumes scarce high-quality medical resources, increases the burden of diagnosis and treatment of difficult and severe patients, and becomes the fuse of doctor-patient disputes. There is insufficient understanding of the development law of health undertakings, and the medical and health system is not perfect. The medical and health system is related to people's health, involving medical security, medical and health services, drug production and supply security and supervision. Therefore, it is a long-term and complicated task and a worldwide problem to explore the inherent law of health development and constantly reform and improve the medical and health system. After decades of efforts, especially in the five years since the implementation of the new round of medical reform, China has woven the world's largest basic medical security network covering 654.38+300 million people, and the level of security has also been greatly improved. However, the financing level and reimbursement level of basic medical insurance are still low, the insurance system for serious and serious diseases and the medical assistance system are still not perfect, and the problem of poverty caused by illness has not been fundamentally solved. People are seriously ill, but their personal burden is still very heavy, and the problem of expensive medical treatment has not been fundamentally solved. At the same time, the mechanism of supplementing doctors with medicine has not been fundamentally broken, the salary system, performance appraisal and employment system of medical staff that meet the characteristics of the industry have not been established, the professional and refined management system still needs to be improved, and the medical safety quality and service attitude that cause contradictions and disputes between doctors and patients still need to be further improved. Insufficient understanding of medical limitations, communication between doctors and patients is still not smooth. Although modern medical science and technology have made great progress, it is far from the stage of curing all diseases, which is determined by the complexity of life activities and the limitations of human understanding of themselves. For diseases, medicine is to alleviate rather than cure, which is not the incompetence of doctors, but the limitations of medicine. Even some common diseases, due to the individual differences of patients, medicine sometimes cannot provide effective treatment. Insufficient understanding of the limitations and risks of medicine and high expectations are important reasons for the psychological imbalance between patients and their families. Medical risk sharing and medical dispute handling mechanism are not perfect. Medical service itself is a high-risk occupation, and there are accidents, a certain probability of error rate and even accident rate in medical activities. Even in the United States, the probability of medical errors or accidents among inpatients is 8%- 10%, which leads to the death of nearly 654.38 million residents every year, making it the fifth leading cause of death in the United States. At present, the mechanism of sharing and resolving medical risks through effective ways such as medical liability insurance has not been established in China. Once a medical dispute occurs, the patient's spearhead will directly point to the hospital and medical staff, and even lead to direct conflict between doctors and patients. Medical personnel will become direct victims, and medical institutions will become dangerous places for medical treatment. At the same time, hospitals, as public places, are not included in the jurisdiction of the Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security, and lack a "safety valve" that plays a buffering and preventive role. This is one of the important reasons that affect the benign development of doctor-patient relationship. The guiding mechanism of public opinion is not perfect. Some media, especially some tabloids and new media, only report doctor-patient disputes with limited medical knowledge, which is often biased, unfair and even misleading the public. Some media can't abide by the professional ethics of news media. In order to attract attention and ignore the objective facts, they have played a negative role in fueling the disputes between doctors and patients, intensifying the contradictions between doctors and patients and intensifying the tension between doctors and patients.