Confucius said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy." In Chinese teaching, it is the best policy for teachers to make students "good" in Chinese and then "happy". Interest is the "speedboat" sailing to the ocean of knowledge and the "key" to explore the treasure house of knowledge. Therefore, teachers should cultivate students' interest in learning Chinese, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning Chinese, and then actively learn Chinese. Teachers can make full and effective use of the first five minutes of flexible classroom with various forms and rich contents, with the main purpose of cultivating students' listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities, the broad social life and students' thoughts and thoughts as the main materials, and the students' independent speech as the main way, which can greatly mobilize students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning Chinese and cultivate their strong interest in learning. The specific methods are as follows: before each Chinese class, set aside about five minutes, and students take turns to speak in front of the stage. Students can prepare the manuscript one day in advance or read it. After listening, teachers and students should express their opinions and suggestions and recite some excellent sentences they have heard. Finally, according to the ten-point system, the team leader records the scores of the team members, judges the winning teams and outstanding speakers at the middle and final stages, and praises them in front of the whole class. In actual teaching, teachers can take the following forms for centralized training.

Appreciation of excellent works-arouse enthusiasm and improve interest in listening and speaking

Good works have great vitality, and those short and pithy masterpieces are deeply loved by teachers and students. Therefore, five minutes of excellent works appreciation has become a garden for teachers and students to appreciate beautiful works. Students choose their favorite works to read and evaluate, analyze the beauty of words and the exquisiteness of thoughts, tell their favorite truth, and express their sincere feelings in simple language. At the same time, you can write two reading questions for students to think about. This process not only examines students' listening ability, but also exercises students' summing-up ability and language expression ability. In addition, students' own works can also be displayed, which is the display of students' inner feelings, the display of personality, the display of emotions and sorrows, and the display of writing. Through this platform, students' works will find the first readers and listeners here. Through this opportunity, students can pour out their feelings, feelings and experiences about life. For example, Yang Yutong's "Unforgettable Moment" recorded the scene of the whole class working together with her to eradicate the snow-capped mountains in Qi Xin. Although the students didn't have dinner to help her finish the task, they didn't complain because they realized the philosophy that unity is strength. This article reveals her gratitude to her classmates and her love for the class. In addition, Wang Shiju's Grandma's Love and Gu's Listening have been exchanged here. Here, the platform has become a heart-to-heart platform, and the students' voices have broadened the topic of campus life. Even if the students' homework is not wonderful, students will gain a lot through the comments of teachers and students, which can be regarded as a way for students to review their compositions collectively and independently.

Second, reciting classics-standardizing habits and strengthening the cultivation of reading ability

Classics are the source of our culture and the cultural essence left by our ancestors. While appreciating the excellent works of American literature, memorizing and accumulating some good languages and characters that you have come into contact with can not only broaden your horizons and enrich your knowledge, but also accumulate language reserves for writing. Every volume of our textbook contains classical Chinese, ancient poems and ten extracurricular ancient poems that we must master. We can use the first five minutes of each class to complete the training of reading and reciting ancient poems. We can let students master the rhythm of poetry through our own model reading, and then let students recite freely in pairs, and finally achieve reciting. This task must be completed on time without delay. In order to exercise and improve students' sense of time, students' knowledge can be checked by means of inter-group competition within the specified time, and the winner will get extra points. Students' competitive spirit urges them to study with high enthusiasm and efficiency. After long-term persistence, each student's knowledge reserve has been significantly improved. The concrete manifestations are as follows: the original writing content is boring, there are famous sayings and epigrams in students' articles, and the students who are not good at words are active in class. Students with average reading ability joined the reading group, and most of the topics of after-school communication came back. In my opinion, only when you learn something can you learn to be happy.

Third, the war of words-tap the potential and improve the ability to analyze problems

Small-scale debate can not only increase students' knowledge and insight, but also improve students' ability to analyze problems and express them in language. More importantly, with this platform, every student can have the opportunity to express his views and break through his shyness and timidity. For example, there is a student named Wang who was very introverted and shy when he first entered the first grade. When he first got on the platform, his speech was incoherent and a few words were soaked to the skin. After taking part in many speech and debate competitions, his courage has increased a lot. Now he is not afraid to speak in front of hundreds of people. Debate can also promote students to accumulate materials at ordinary times and cultivate their ability to improvise. Debate topics can be related to recent events in the class, some phenomena in the school, and even express their views on state affairs. For example, after the Wenchuan earthquake, I put forward topics such as "how to improve the awareness of earthquake prevention and earthquake resistance" and "whether it is necessary for schools to organize earthquake prevention drills" for students to discuss. In this way, students' ability to analyze problems and express ideas has been obviously improved while expressing their views.

Fourth, happy event-cultivate ability and pay attention to vocabulary accumulation.

After more than ten years of teaching accumulation, I found that junior high school students' vocabulary accumulation is very limited, which is mainly manifested in: incoherent answers to questions, improper use of words, and weak composition language. Therefore, the accumulation of words is imperative. And this task should be accumulated from bit by bit, and you can't eat a fat man in one bite. So I deliberately use five minutes before class to finish it by asking students to tell stories before class. The specific way is: start with one student in the class, and the rest of the students are connected in turn, one person in each class. The content is to find an idiom story that you think is the best and easy to tell. Ask to tell the story vividly to all teachers and students in your own language, and then tell the meaning of the story or its enlightenment to yourself. The rest of the students can ask their own questions, let the story-telling teacher answer them, and the whole class will recite idioms and meanings. Through this activity, students can not only exercise their courage to collect materials, organize materials, express themselves in spoken English and take to the stage, but also improve their ability to improvise.

Walking into masterpieces ―― Looking at history, cultivating students' appreciation quality.

Appreciation of famous books runs through six junior high school textbooks, which is also one of the knowledge points of the senior high school entrance examination. However, due to the length of each famous book, it is difficult to concentrate on learning. After a few days of deliberation and brainstorming, I suggested to the students that they should listen and read (speak) five minutes before class to complete the study of famous works. Students who recommend works should be fully prepared before class: choose good works, read the selected contents skillfully, pay attention to pinyin when encountering unfamiliar words, pay attention to the rhythm and intonation of reading, speak a little slower and read through a little; Design one or two questions for the article. The difficulty of the topic is moderate, so that students who listen carefully can answer it with a little thought, and try to be close to the questions of famous books after class. I also put forward requirements for students sitting and listening: listen carefully and be a civilized audience; In the extracurricular reading book, register the name of the student, the name of the work, the author and the content read every day, which is generally summarized in one sentence; Score the selected works and reading level of each student who recommended the works; Think positively and take the initiative to answer questions. In this way, students who recommend works have made great efforts in selecting works. They always choose the highlights and contents that students are interested in and read them aloud. In order to choose a good clip, some students will read the full text several times, compare it carefully and choose it carefully. The process of previewing before class left a deep impression on readers' minds. In the five-minute activity, all the students got knowledge reserves, and also improved their ability of analysis, induction and summary. In this way, every reading before class has become a compulsory course for students every day, and every reading before class has become something that students expect.

Five minutes before class, although the time is short, both teachers and students are greatly influenced and infected. No matter in knowledge or mind, as long as they persevere, they will receive obvious results. First, students gradually developed a strong interest in Chinese learning, which greatly enhanced their initiative in learning. Secondly, improve students' ability to observe and analyze problems and cultivate the habit of independent thinking. Thirdly, training students' listening and speaking ability is very helpful to improve students' sensitive hearing and quick response. Fourth, broaden your horizons, expand your knowledge, enrich your knowledge reserves, and accumulate writing materials. In addition, every student actively prepares his own stage performance, communicates the feelings between teachers and students, enhances the relationship between teachers and students, adjusts the classroom atmosphere, realizes the interaction between teachers and students, and achieves the effect of mutual learning.

(Editor Zhang Yixiang)