At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians actually lived a miserable life. The central government of the Yuan Dynasty fell into a vicious circle because of the unfavorable encirclement and suppression of the Red Scarf Army.
The general logic is as follows: The Red Scarf Army Uprising → Yuan Ting sent troops to suppress it → The Red Scarf Army violently attacked the Yuan Army → Yuan Ting decentralized → Local Power Factions exercised themselves → The Red Scarf Army was defeated by the warlords → The central authorities of Yuan Ting seized power → The local power factions refused to seize power → Yuan Ting and the local power factions killed each other → When the Red Yuan Ting fought internally, the Scarf Army revived → The court compromised with the warlords again → The Red Scarf Army was defeated.
Then, Yuan Ting devolved power again and fought the warlords again, and so on.
In this endless cycle, Yuan Ting, the Red Scarf Army and local strength groups are all opposites. Mongols are unlucky. Because in the process of suppressing the Red Scarf Army, some Mongols simply don't know what they should do. Playing too hard will arouse suspicion; If you don't fight hard, you will be suspected.
The final result is two choices-either agree to the court to sever relations and hand over power to the court; Either cooperate with the Han Chinese forces, you can continue to retain the military power.
In order to protect themselves, some Mongolians naturally turned to anti-yuan forces.
Of course, these early Mongols who had to defect to Yuan Ting because of suspicion were only a minority. The vast majority of Mongols who joined Daming and betrayed Dayuan were actually defeated soldiers who joined Daming in succession during Zhu Yuanzhang's Northern Expedition.
Speaking of which, it is necessary to talk about the poor performance of Mongols before and after Zhu Yuanzhang's Northern Expedition.
1363, Zhu Yuanzhang fought a decisive battle with Chen Youliang with all his strength, and the North and South Red Scarf Army won a big PK. At this time, it was originally a good opportunity for the Yuan army to go south to eliminate anti-Yuan forces such as Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang. However, at this time, there was a split within Yuan Ting.
This time, the infighting was not the infighting between the Yuan court and the warlords, but the infighting between the Yuan court.
Simply put, it is a showdown between the Yuan Di Party and the post-Party. Because of this infighting, the chain reaction triggered a scuffle between Balotemuer and Kukutmuer, which led to a great loss of vitality in the Yuan Dynasty.
Specifically, it was Park Buhua, the strange queen of the Yuan Dynasty and the eunuch of North Korea, who joined hands with the followers to try to force Yuan Shundi to abdicate. To force Shun Di to abdicate, we must bring down Borotimur, who has great influence in the vicinity of Dadu. So they forced Shun Di to cut off Boluo's military power and ordered Timur (Wang Baobao) to make a crusade. This led to the infighting of the Yuan Dynasty.
This kind of infighting directly led to the war between the Yuan court and the factions that supported Yuan. The war lasted for two years,
Finally, Wang Baobao defeated Kyle Polo and became the biggest warlord in the Yuan Dynasty, with hundreds of thousands of soldiers guarding Henan. Neither the Shun Di Party nor the Queen Party can lead Wang Baobao.
After becoming the largest local power group, Wang Baobao decided to annex Shaanxi. In the name of conquering the south, he collected the troops of Yuan warlords Li Siqi, Zhang Liangbi and Kongxing from the Han nationality in Shaanxi-Gansu area and went to Henan. I'm going to transfer the tigers on the mountain and occupy the Guanzhong Plain.
Li Siqi's prodigy knows this. Where can't you see Wang Baobao's tricks? Therefore, Shaanxi local strength school, which is independent of Shaanxi, is not to be outdone. They assembled several armies and planned to open Tongguan to fight with Wang Baobao.
It was the critical moment for Zhu Yuanzhang to destroy Zhang Shicheng. If the Yuan army didn't kill each other, but went south, Zhu Yuanzhang would certainly not destroy Zhang Shicheng so easily. But Zhu Yuanzhang's fate is blessed. While he was sweeping across Zhang Shicheng, the Yuan Army just didn't go south to beat him.
After Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed Zhang Shicheng, Yuan Shundi watched Wang Baobao not go south, but fought against Li Siqi, and was greatly dissatisfied. He wrote a letter to Wang Baobao and relieved him of all his duties.
Not to be outdone, he was dismissed, so he retreated to Shanxi with his army, directly killed officials of the Yuan Dynasty, and engaged in separatist regime in Shanxi.
Yuan Shundi is furious! Imperial edict, assemble all military forces, ready to crusade against Wang Baobao.
But the next year, it was1368-yes, Zhu Yuanzhang was going to the Northern Expedition.
1368, Xu Da and Chang Yuchun led the Northern Expedition. The Ming army attacked Shandong first and won a great victory.
Just when the Ming army won the first battle, Yuan Ting, Wang Baobao and Li Siqi of the Yuan Dynasty were still at war among the three parties.
Needless to say, I can guess the rest. The Ming army went all the way north, pointing directly at the metropolis, while the powerful faction within the Yuan army continued to fight among themselves and stood by while the Ming army occupied the metropolis.
The most cruel is Wang Baobao. When the Northern Expedition troops crossed the Yellow River in the Ming Dynasty, Yuan Shundi mainly obeyed him and begged him to save himself. He accepted the imperial edict, but did not attach a will. He was stationed in Shanxi to watch Yuan Tingji fight the Ming army. It was not until the defeat of the Yuan army, the invasion of Xu Da's army and Yuan Shundi fled to the northern capital that he mobilized the army to fight the Ming army.
After Yuan Shundi fled to the north, the Mongols were faced with three choices: either follow Yuan Shundi to the north, follow Wang Baobao, or fall to the Ming Dynasty.
In the end, only 60,000 families followed Yuan Shundi northward, and almost no one followed Wang Baobao. Most of the remaining Mongols surrendered to the Ming Dynasty.
As for why most Mongols surrendered to Daming, the reason is simple. Because the Yuan Dynasty was corrupt, Yuan Shundi would be beaten by Wang Baobao, and Wang Baobao would be beaten by Yuan Shundi. We are all Mongols, but when we fight internally, we fight harder than the Han people. How dare ordinary Mongolians follow Shun Di or Wang Baobao in such a sinister environment?
Moreover, the Ming dynasty was rich, and the Mongols followed the Ming dynasty, and their living conditions were significantly higher. Moreover, the Ming dynasty lacked cavalry, and Mongolian cavalry was an indispensable force in the Ming army. It is obviously safer and more practical for ordinary Mongols to fall to Zhu Yuanzhang at this time than to follow Yuan Shundi and Wang Baobao.
Generally speaking, the Mongols who submitted to the Ming Dynasty did not deny their Mongolian identity. According to the actual situation at that time, they just thought that following the Ming Dynasty would have a better future than following the Northern Yuan Dynasty. If once they can stand on their own feet, many Mongols will still choose to leave the Ming Dynasty. For example, the Mongolian Uhaliang Sanwei, who surrendered in the early Ming Dynasty, immediately broke away from the Ming Dynasty and separated from Daningwei for 200 years after obtaining the semi-separatist regime in Judy's period, which laid the embryonic form of later Monan Mongolia.