The following is content related to the trends in construction enterprise management under the information model brought to you by Zhongda Consulting for your reference.
1. Introduction
Enterprise informatization refers to the use of modern information technologies such as networks, computers, and communications by enterprises to continuously improve production and operations through in-depth development and extensive utilization of information resources. , management, decision-making efficiency and level, thereby improving the economic benefits and core competitiveness of the enterprise.
With the continuous deepening of my country's market economic mechanism, construction companies can no longer enjoy statutory profits in construction projects as they did in the past. Only by improving their core competitiveness can they stand firm. In an invincible position. In today's world economy, the shift from industrialization to informatization, and from industrial society to information society has become an unstoppable trend and the dynamic evolution of informatization, informatization has become a key factor in the development of construction enterprises. The management of construction enterprises in the information age has changed with the changes in management theory, and the implementation of enterprise information management is inevitable for their development.
In recent years, the wave of strengthening information construction has played a huge role in promoting enterprise management and will bring about huge progress in management level. Many construction companies have introduced business management systems or introduced corresponding Software or developed by the enterprise itself plays a role in department management; some units have established local peer-to-peer networks or local area networks with servers at the company headquarters, and have begun to consider the integration of distributed systems and the informatization of the entire enterprise. Establishment, in the process of enterprise informatization, some enterprises have begun to consider overall planning and gradually get rid of the blind state of "networking first, connecting later". This requires studying the development trends of enterprise information construction to ensure that construction enterprise information construction is on the right track.
2. Characteristics of construction enterprise informatization
To realize enterprise informatization, modern information technology must be the basic condition (the application of computers, networks, and software), and information should be used as strategic resources. By means of obtaining basic information and reprocessing information, and with the goal of promoting the modernization of corporate management and improving core competitiveness, we continue to innovate and develop. As a construction enterprise, information construction has the following characteristics due to the fixity, single-piece nature of construction products and the fluidity of product production:
2.1 Information digitization. In information-based enterprises, information does not mainly appear in the form of documents, account books, and documents. A large amount of information only needs to be entered into a computer to be managed in an orderly and safe manner. However, computers can only recognize binary numbers, so the information needs to be digitized. Of course, these tasks can be completed by the computer itself, and the user operates it through software.
2.2 Organizational flexibility. Like the enterprise production system, the organization of information-based enterprises no longer chooses between large and small, but flexibly adapts to the living environment, adjusts the scale of the enterprise organization according to market demand, shifts the focus of management downward, reduces intermediate links, and reduces costs. cost, establish a flat and networked organizational structure, and strengthen the horizontal connections of the organization.
2.3 Management integration. That is to say, information technology is used to bring together subsystems such as enterprise business planning, construction and production, safety and quality, material equipment, human resources, and technical files to collect, store and analyze relevant data as a whole, and provide it to the organization and enterprise center managers. Carry out integrated management.
2.4 Humanistic management. Pay attention to the development of information human resources and truly make the best use of talents. It requires understanding people, respecting people, and giving full play to people's initiative and enthusiasm, including five levels of emotional management, democratic management, autonomous management, talent management, and cultural management.
2.5 Institutionalization of learning. Only continuous learning and lifelong learning can adapt to the requirements of the information society.
3. Information construction enterprise management trends
Enterprise management is affected by many factors such as the social and economic environment and its own conditions in which the enterprise is located. Therefore, the management of each enterprise They are not exactly the same. Therefore, a Chinese entrepreneur has a famous saying: "There is no fixed formula for management." However, if we carefully summarize the experience of successful companies and the lessons of failed companies around the world, and carefully study the management changes brought about by the development of the world economy, we will find that corporate management also has certain development trends. Through the study of relevant foreign companies From the study of the management process, combined with the analysis of the development status of domestic enterprise management, it can be found that several trends are currently affecting the management of construction enterprises.
3.1 Seek standardized management model
Based on the standardized management of enterprises to carry out information construction, and use this to promote standardized management of enterprises is the basic requirement of information construction. In the engineering industry, although there are individual differences among various construction companies, their basic points are the same, and relevant theories and norms have been formed. However, we are in the process of alternation and exploration between the two systems. The management of a considerable number of enterprises is not on the right track and the management is not standardized. In this case, if informatization construction is based on non-standard management, it will not only be difficult to help enterprises embark on the road of modern management, but also artificially solidify this non-standard management, which is likely to form a negative cycle for the enterprise.
Therefore, when carrying out information construction, managers have realized that they must not only pay attention to the characteristics of a certain enterprise, but also pay attention to standards. The methods, content, and objectives of the research must be systematically analyzed and refined in advance. It is best to use relevant documents or Based on theory, every aspect of enterprise operation meets the requirements of standardization, scientificity and standardization.
3.2 Change traditional management methods
Enterprise information construction must prevent the use of old management methods, behavioral methods, behavioral rules and original models to manage modern enterprises. At this time, many people are extremely Yi often made the mistake of "putting new wine in old bottles" without realizing it. After going through many detours, he has begun to reposition corporate management.
First of all, the environment of business management has changed. Mainly reflected in: the economic system has changed from a planned economy to a market economy, the competition pattern has changed from a closed economy to an open economy and is in the process of increasing globalization, the growth mode has changed from quantity expansion to quality improvement, and ownership has changed from single people's ownership to collective ownership. For the simultaneous development of multiple ownership systems, the supply and demand relationship has changed from a shortage economy to a "relative surplus economy", the rise of the knowledge economy, and unpredictability; the characteristics of the times in the operation of enterprises. When time has passed, so has the law.
Secondly, in the information age, driven by the updating, networking, and globalization of economic knowledge, three major trends have emerged in corporate organization and management: First, focusing on improving corporate adaptability, value-added capabilities, and conducting corporate Process reengineering and dividing accounting units into smaller units make the organizational system non-hierarchical and the scale of the organization smaller; secondly, efforts are made to lower the corporate management level, strengthen horizontal connections, establish virtual enterprises and team organizations, and flatten and network the organizational structure; thirdly, It is to re-adjust the relationship between enterprises and the market, adjust the enterprise supply chain, establish strategic alliances, and continuously adjust the organizational structure of enterprises. This can be attributed specifically to the non-hierarchical nature of enterprise organizational systems, the continuous adjustment of enterprise organizational processes, the formation of internal organizational teams, the flattening of enterprise organizational structures, the networking of enterprise organizational relationships, the flexibility of enterprise organizational boundaries, and the diversification of enterprise organizational forms. and other trends.
The non-hierarchical structure of enterprise organizations is mainly manifested in: the status gap and hierarchical concepts between the top and the bottom of the pyramid organization are weakened, and direct communication between organizational members increases; the same level is engaged in different functions Horizontal communication among working employees increases, and employees develop into generalists; with full authorization within the enterprise, the autonomy and independence of individuals or internal organizations are enhanced; an increase in cross-level groups or teams established between different levels enhances corporate resilience Capabilities; horizontal and vertical coordination between enterprise content organizations increases, the strict boundaries between leaders and led are broken, and an employee can accept instructions from superiors, peers and subordinates; the division of labor and collaboration between enterprises are further improved Deepen, strengthen the collaborative relationship with direct interaction between different levels of enterprises with business interruption as the core, and increase autonomy.
3.3 Build a virtual management system
Virtual management of construction enterprises is actually the product of a dynamic enterprise management concept that adapts to changing needs and competitive environments. It is based on internal and external resources. With the purpose of rational integration and good utilization, the goal of streamlining internal organizations and strengthening external collaboration, and the principle of flexibility and adaptability, the company's business management, construction production, internal and external information processes, etc. are established in a virtual enterprise form. , the process of carrying out actions in an ideal mode to formulate relevant operating mechanisms, and after the tasks are implemented, the ideal plan is put into practice.
The soul of information construction is the solution to practical problems, or the solution to the actual problems of the enterprise. Without professional knowledge and experience in the field of engineering construction, it is impossible to meet the actual needs of the enterprise. Especially in the construction of enterprise management informatization, it is necessary to understand the complex factor relationships and operational processing methods of industry management. In addition, informatization construction must also "diagnose" management, identify bottlenecks, "simplify" the enterprise organization, and streamline those departments that play an offsetting role in the enterprise's value-added chain. At present, most of the business processes of enterprises are traditional methods. The degree of information sharing is low, the transmission speed is slow, and the information reprocessing ability and depth of processing are far behind the requirements of the enterprise and the computer processing capabilities. If the system design does not go beyond the manual business and abstract the management ideas and regularities in the business, it will be difficult to make the information construction meet the requirements of modern management technology. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate the advantages of various enterprises. *Same point, establish a virtual business model.
In a virtual business system, people can work at the same place at the same time, or at the same place at different times, or at different places at the same time, or at different places at different times. This breaks through geographical and organizational boundaries and makes cooperative work possible; the management of virtual enterprises does not have identification standards for enterprises of general significance (such as location, time, enterprise functions, market areas, employee attribution, etc.). Virtual management has fast information processing speed, can make extensive and effective use of various resources, has the greatest flexibility and dynamic management capabilities, and has strong adaptability to the market.
3.4 Enterprise Business Process Reengineering
Construction enterprise business process reengineering is a strategic system engineering for enterprise reconstruction. The purpose is to build an efficient process system for the enterprise. The core The task is to effectively integrate the two key elements of (information) technology and people into business process reengineering to meet the needs of overall performance improvement and long-term development of the enterprise.
For a long time, my country's construction companies have been accustomed to operating in accordance with administrative affiliations. Enterprise authorities or some head offices are also accustomed to using administrative means to issue orders, but there is still a lack of experience in how to manage according to property rights relationships. . Therefore, the key to informatization construction is to straighten out the organizational processes and reorganization of the enterprise, such as business reorganization within the enterprise and supply chain reorganization outside the enterprise. The goal is to shape the core business of the enterprise and form a flexible and efficient organizational structure to improve the enterprise's performance. business competitiveness.
Due to the networking of virtual enterprise organizations. From an internal perspective, this kind of enterprise is a network composed of several independent business units that have certain vertical and horizontal connections with each other. A relatively loose "federation" relationship is formed between network members, and the entire organization is governed by self-management, It is composed of business units with self-organization and self-discipline capabilities; from the outside of the enterprise, this organization uses the Internet (information flow), industrial supply chain (logistics) and capital market (capital flow) to establish a variety of relationships between enterprises. A formal cooperative relationship makes the enterprise itself an integral part of the external network and one or more core "plug-ins" in the external industrial supply chain. Therefore, relevant business processes must be reorganized and reengineered according to relevant requirements.
In addition, after the corporate headquarters (parent company) implemented project method management, the management content has undergone major changes. The relationship with the relevant project management department (subsidiary) is mainly reflected in the investor and the client. The relationship between investment enterprises, the relationship of equality in legal status, the relationship of leadership, supervision and coordination in business, and the relationship of financial integration. The management of the project department is mainly based on the principles of property rights management, participation in decision-making, and effective management. Its main functions include: organizing, formulating and implementing the long-term development plan and development strategy of the enterprise group in accordance with legal procedures and the group's articles of association; carrying out capital operation activities such as investment and financing, enterprise acquisitions, and asset restructuring; deciding on major matters within the group; promoting the group Adjust the organizational structure and product structure of member companies; coordinate the relationship between group members; prepare the group's consolidated accounting and statistical reports; uniformly manage the group's name, trademark, goodwill and other intangible assets; establish the group's marketing network and information network; and other functions that are conducive to the formation of the group's overall operating advantages. In addition, the project management department has more autonomy. Therefore, information construction also needs to consider changes in enterprise management functions and carry out business process reengineering or restructuring.
3.5 Solidifying management through software
Promoting enterprise management through software research and development and application is another trend in the development of enterprise management. In the engineering industry, although there are personality differences between various enterprises, as the same industry, their basic points are the same, and enterprise management has formed a set of theories and norms. How to use computers or related systems for enterprise management has formed a common understanding among the management, so many software companies have begun to develop enterprise management-related software. When conducting project evaluations, they first conduct in-depth research on the current management system and management methods, and strive to Make every aspect of enterprise operation meet the requirements of standardization, scientificity, and standardization, and with the help of software systems, the management system can be implemented, thus forming a virtuous cycle. With the successful development of software, related enterprise management has also been solidified, and can only be updated through software upgrades.
The iEMS construction enterprise integrated management system developed by Toone Technology Co., Ltd. provides construction enterprises with a networked and integrated office and business integrated processing platform, allowing enterprises to fully carry out Information sharing and exchange provide construction companies with a "non-contact" management communication solution across time and space. At the same time, it solves the complex management problems of construction enterprises such as difficulty in collaboration and cooperation between agencies, low management efficiency, and difficulty in comprehensive balance of resources due to wide management coverage, multiple management agencies, large amounts of management data, and dispersed agencies. Organically combine computer software technology, network technology, communication technology, WEB technology and database technology to realize dynamic comprehensive information management of the entire process of the construction enterprise. Integrating network management, authority setting, process control, cost management, cost analysis, progress control, quality control, safety control, and fund management, in order to solve the collaborative work of the construction enterprise's organizational structure and coordinate the management of various resources in the construction process ( It provides advanced and effective means for comprehensive planning, control, optimization and decision-making analysis of goals (including progress, quality, cost, safety, etc.) during the construction process (including labor, materials, equipment, time, funds, etc.).
3.6 Emphasize the integrity of the information system
The construction of enterprise information must be guided by management theory, with engineering projects as the link, with virtual enterprises as the model, and with management innovation as the basis. , starting from analyzing the basic trends of information management, and realizing it through business process reengineering. In addition to the above trends, the current information construction also pays attention to the integrity of the system itself, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
(1) Combination of practicality and advancement. Informatization construction must not only adapt to the pace of social development and promote social progress to a certain extent, but also meet the current management and accounting needs of all levels and links of the enterprise.
(2) Consider the characteristics of the enterprise and pay more attention to standards. That is to say, we use enterprise standard management to carry out informatization construction, and use informatization construction to promote enterprise standard management.
(3) Emphasize effective management of information.
The process of enterprise production and operation is also the generation process of relevant information. Informatization construction requires that the on-site project implementation dynamic information collection function, business control function, work coordination function, support decision-making and strategic function be properly handled, and the engineering construction information be transformed from scattered to centralized, from disorder to order, and from generation to dissemination to utilization. process. At the same time, various elements involved in construction production information activities, including personnel, materials, machinery, etc., are managed to achieve reasonable allocation of resources. Effective information management emphasizes the accuracy, effectiveness, timeliness, integration, and enjoyment of information. Therefore, in the collection and arrangement of information, it is necessary to avoid information defects, distortions and failures, to strengthen the organization and control of the production information activity process, and to establish an effective management mechanism. At the same time, communication must be strengthened. Information can only generate value through transmission and exchange, so there must be an information exchange and sharing mechanism to facilitate the accumulation of information and the transformation of advantages.
(4) Systematicity and completeness. The information system must be suitable for both enterprise multi-project management and single-project control; it must be applied both at project sites and at corporate headquarters; it must be beneficial to medium-sized enterprises as well as large and small enterprises; it must be applicable to both Focusing on small (local area) servers, it must also be suitable for network management or stand-alone management; it is also required to be based on internal information communication within the enterprise, and also reserves relevant data interfaces between the enterprise and owners, supervisors and other units, making it highly adaptable. There is also certain targeted systematic software. In addition, functional integrity is also required. The system developed according to the actual needs of enterprise management can comprehensively and completely cover the information requirements of enterprise management.
(5) Reliability and economy. First, the system can operate reliably under normal circumstances, that is, the accuracy and stability of the system. No matter how complex the input data is, as long as it is within the scope of the system design requirements, reliable results can be output; second, it can also operate reliably under abnormal conditions, that is, the flexibility of the system requires the system to operate in the event of a failure in the software or hardware environment. It can still be partially used and operated under the environment. An excellent system is also a flexible system. When designing, it must take measures to respond to some emergency situations. Information construction costs must be reduced as much as possible while ensuring quality. At the same time, after the relevant software is put into operation, operation and maintenance costs must be kept low to reduce unnecessary management costs.
3.7 Strive to integrate with international standards
Another trend in my country's management is to promote integration with international standards and improve the management level of our country's enterprises with the help of advanced international management experience. One is the general trend, China's accession to the WTO After the organization, transnational operations of enterprises have become inevitable for development. Under economic globalization, transnational operations have become a general requirement for enterprise development. New trade barriers force enterprises to conduct transnational operations. Second, there are advantages to be gained. The combination of market chain and value chain can It brings the advantage of high operating efficiency, and the combination of innovative technology and market demand can bring the advantage of new market demand, etc. The integration of enterprise management with international standards is mainly reflected in the internationalization of technological innovation goals, marketization of technological innovation topics, commercialization of technological innovation results, strengthening management to achieve institutionalization, standardization, proceduralization, scientificity, and modernization, and making full use of advanced science Technology and management methods, especially the development and utilization of information technology and network technology, to improve management efficiency.
4. Conclusion
Enterprise informatization is a huge and complex social system project. It must go through a development process from scratch to gradual maturity and perfection. With the continuous deepening and development of information construction in our country, the information construction of construction enterprises has shown a good trend. Construction enterprise management has also undergone fundamental changes.
First of all, the awareness of information construction has "taken root" among the majority of enterprise employees, and they realize that enterprise information planning and construction is a process of continuous improvement and gradual improvement. We cannot think that the information construction of enterprises can be completed at once. There are a large number of factors in such a complex system, and the goal can only be achieved through long-term and continuous efforts. Secondly, we should strengthen the research on the basic theories of management and seek the norms of information construction. sex and authority; third, reposition the content of enterprise management, establish a virtual enterprise model, realize business process reengineering, and establish information construction at a high starting point and high positioning; fourth, realize humanistic management, which requires understanding and respecting people. , Give full play to people's initiative and enthusiasm. Including using behavioral science to reshape interpersonal relationships; increasing human capital and improving the quality of the labor force; improving labor management and making full use of labor resources; promoting democratic management and increasing workers' awareness of participation; building corporate culture and cultivating entrepreneurial spirit; fifth, Improve system construction, combine practicality with advancement, emphasize the principle of useful information, and strive for system integrity, reliability and economy.
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