1. Poems that can reflect the practice of character training

Original publisher: Yipao.com

The practice of character training in ancient poetry The ancients paid great attention to the practice of character training when writing poems . Regarding word refining, many poets have personal experience. For example, Lu Yanrang said in "Bitter Song": "Yin'an is a word, and several stems are broken." This is the painstaking efforts to find the stability of a word. Another example is Fang Qian's "Gift to Lu Mingfu": "It takes a lifetime to recite a five-character sentence." In contrast, this is a lifetime of effort. The great poet Du Fu also said, "If your words don't amaze you, you will never stop." This shows the refinement of words and sentences. Wang Guowei said in "The Words of the World": "'Spring is noisy on the red apricot branches', with the word 'noise', and the realm is full. 'The clouds break through the moon, flowers make shadows', with the word 'nong', and The realm is all over. "The apricot flowers are blooming. The word "noisy" originally describes the blooming flowers, but it exaggerates the liveliness of spring. Thus, the following book is written to show that you should enjoy all the fun without being stingy with money. The moonlight breaks through the clouds and shines on the flower branches. The word "Nong" can well describe the shadows of flowers changing with the moonlight, and also express the trance of mind. Jia Dao's allusion to speculation is well known and is also related to the word Lian. In his "Inscribed on Li Ning's Residence in Seclusion", it is said: "The bird stayed in the tree beside the pond, and the monk knocked on the door under the moon." Originally, he could not decide whether to use "push" or "knock", but later Han Yu changed it to "knock". In terms of performance, movement contrasts with stillness. However, Zhu Guangqian said in "Bite the Words": "Only he himself knows which artistic conception Jia Dao was toying with in his mind at that time. If he thought of the word 'push' and then 'knock', or if he thought of the word 'knock', I think it is impossible to use the word "knock" instead of the word "push", so the question is not which word "push" or "knock" is more appropriate, but which state is what he was talking about at that time and is consistent with it. The whole poem is harmonious. In terms of writing, it is really about thinking and emotion. "Although this is from the perspective of creation, it is also related to appreciation. In the appreciation of ancient poetry, the performance of the refined characters must focus on the artistic conception of the entire poem, which is inseparable from the poet's thoughts and feelings. 2. Poets and poets practice famous sentences by practicing calligraphy

It is a joy to have friends come from afar.

If you review the past and learn the new, you can become a teacher. If you learn without thinking, you will be in vain; if you think without learning, you will be in danger.

He is sensitive and eager to learn, and he is not ashamed to ask questions. There must be a teacher among the three of us; choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones.

——"Ten Principles of the Analects of Confucius" It is not enough to regret the stain on your clothes, but your wishes are not violated. ——"Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" Tao Yuanming (Eastern Jin Dynasty) The green trees are close to the village, and the green mountains are sloping outside.

"Passing the Old Friend's Village" Meng Haoran (Tang Dynasty) In several places, the early orioles compete for warmth in the trees, and the new swallows peck at the spring mud. The random flowers are gradually charming the eyes, and only Asakusa has no horse hooves.

"Spring Tour at Qiantang Lake" Bai Juyi (Tang Dynasty), a layman named Xiangshan, is known as the "Poetry Demon". One water protects the field and surrounds it with green, and the two mountains are lined with gates to bring green. "Book of Mr. Huyin's Wall" by Wang Anshi (Song Dynasty) No. 100. The mountain is surrounded by mountains and rivers, and there is no way out. There is another village with dark willows and bright flowers.

"Traveling to Shanxi Village" Lu You (Southern Song Dynasty) wrote: "The journey of the sun and moon is as if it were out of it; the stars are brilliant as if they were out of it." "Guan Cang Hai" Cao Cao (Eastern Han Dynasty) was Emperor Wu of Wei. Hai was born until the end of the night, and Jiang Chun entered the old year.

"At the foot of Cibeigu Mountain" Wangwan (Tang Dynasty) Hui Dang is at the top of the mountain, and you can see all the small mountains at a glance. "Wang Yue" by Du Fu (Tang Dynasty), known as the "Sage of Poetry". The fragrance of rice flowers talks about a good year, and the sound of frogs is heard.

"Moon over the Xijiang River" Xin Qiji (Song Dynasty) named Jiaxuan asked the canal how clear it was, because it had a source of living water. "Impressions from Reading the Book" by Zhu Xi (Southern Song Dynasty) The constant cutting and confusion are the sorrow of separation, not the ordinary feeling in the heart.

"Happy Meeting" Li Yu (the leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties, known as Empress Li) had a bright future and said goodbye to the old man alone. "Shi Hao Li" Du Fu (Tang Dynasty) Lao Ji is full of ambitions, and his ambition is thousands of miles.

The martyrs are full of ambition in their old age. "The Turtle Lives Longevity" Cao Cao (Eastern Han Dynasty) came out of the mud but was not stained, and washed the clear ripples without being a monster.

"Ai Lian Shuo" Zhou Dunyi (Song Dynasty) named Mr. Lianxi. If the mountain is not high, it will be famous if there are immortals. If the water is not deep, if there is a dragon, it will be spiritual.

The upper steps of the moss marks are green, and the grass color is green into the curtain. There are scholars who talk and laugh, but there are no idle people when coming and going.

"Inscription on the Humble Room" Liu Yuxi (Tang Dynasty), a businesswoman who did not know the hatred of the country's subjugation, still sang "Flowers in the Back Garden" across the river. "Boarding at Qinhuai" by Du Mu (Tang Dynasty) Thousands of sails passed by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of spring trees in front of the diseased trees.

"Rewarding Lotte and Seeing Gifts at the First Banquet in Yangzhou" Liu Yuxi (Tang Dynasty) saw Hanyang trees in Qingchuan and luxuriant grass in Parrot Island. "Yellow Crane Tower" Cui Hao (Tang Dynasty) There are close friends in the sea, and they are like neighbors even if they are far away.

"Sending Du Shaofu to Shuzhou" Wang Bo (Tang Dynasty) Wang Bo, Lu Zhaolin, King Luo Bin, and Yang Jiong are known as the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". The lonely smoke is straight in the desert, and the sun is setting over the long river. "The Envoy to the Fortress" Wang Wei (Tang Dynasty) I send my sorrowful heart and the bright moon, and I will follow you until Yelang. "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and moved to Longbiao. I have this message." Li Bai (Tang Dynasty) is known as the "Immortal of Poetry". A romantic poet who broke the country. The mountains and rivers are there, and the city has deep vegetation in spring.

I shed tears when I am grateful for the flowers, and I am frightened when I hate others. "Spring View" by Du Fu (Tang Dynasty), a realist poet who is not afraid of clouds covering his eyes, just because he is at the top.

"Climbing Feilai Peak" Wang Anshi (Song Dynasty) Talented people have emerged from generation to generation, and each has been leading the way for hundreds of years. "On Poetry" Zhao Yi (Qing Dynasty) Badong Mountain Gorge Wu Gorge is long, the ape calls three times and tears stain the clothes.

"Three Gorges" Li Daoyuan (Northern Wei Dynasty) The mountains end with the plains, and the river flows into the wilderness. Under the moon, there is a flying mirror, and the clouds form a sea tower.

"Farewell at the Jingmen Gate" Li Bai (Tang Dynasty) has been sad and lonely in autumn since ancient times. I say that autumn is better than spring. "Autumn Poems" by Liu Yuxi (Tang Dynasty) The east wind does not agree with Zhou Lang, and the bronze bird spring locks two Qiao deeply.

"Red Cliff" Du Mu (Tang Dynasty) No one has died since ancient times, and his loyalty will be remembered by history. "Crossing the Lingding Ocean" Wen Tianxiang (Southern Song Dynasty) Who said that life is full of little things? The water flowing in front of the door can still flow to the west! Stop singing yellow chicken with white hair.

"Huanxisha" by Su Shi (Song Dynasty) The winding path leads to a secluded place, and the Zen room is surrounded by flowers and trees. The light of the mountain is pleasing to the birds, and the shadow of the pond is empty of the human heart.

"Inscribed on the Zen Temple behind the Poshan Temple" Chang Jian (Tang Dynasty) wrote a letter to the Nine Heavens in the morning, and was demoted to eight thousand on Chaozhou Road in the evening. If you want to eliminate evil things for the saint, you are willing to cherish your remaining years.

Where is my home in the Qinling Mountains where the clouds are crossing? The snow is holding the blue gate and the horse is unable to move forward. "Zuo Qian moved to Languan to show his nephew Xiang" Han Yu (Tang Dynasty) shed tears of endless rivers and mountains, who said that the world is broad.

On the day when Yipo returns, the spiritual flag can be seen in the sky. "Farewell to the Clouds" Xia Wanchun (Nan Ming Dynasty) people have joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes.

This matter has never been solved. I hope that people will live long and travel thousands of miles to meet Chanjuan.

"Shui Tiao Ge Tou" Su Shi (Song Dynasty) can't help but lose his soul. The west wind blows behind the curtain, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. "Drunken Flower Yin" Li Qingzhao (Song Dynasty) There was Bole in the world, and then there was the thousand-mile horse.

Thousand-mile horses often exist, but Bole does not always exist. "Two Short Essays by Han Yu" Those who fly violently to the sky look at the peaks and rest their minds; those who deal with economic matters look into the valleys and forget to rebel.

"Book of Thoughts with Zhu Yuan" Wu Jun (Southern Dynasties) The north wind blows and the white grass breaks, and Hutian blows snow in August. Suddenly a spring breeze comes overnight, and thousands of pear trees bloom.

"Baixuege Sends Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital" Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty) and Gao Shi are both known as "Gao Cen", a famous frontier poet. Black clouds are pressing down on the city, threatening to destroy it, and the light of armor opens towards the golden scales of the sun.

Report your favor on the golden platform, and guide the jade dragon to die for you. "Yanmen Prefect's Journey" Li He (Tang Dynasty) was known as the "Poetry Ghost". Spring silkworms will not run out until they die, and wax torches will turn to ashes before tears dry up.

"Untitled" Li Shangyin (Tang Dynasty) is a heartbroken man at the end of the world. "Tian Jing Sha Autumn Thoughts" When Ma Zhiyuan (a dramatist of the Yuan Dynasty) rises, the people suffer; when he dies, the people suffer! "Sheep on the Hillside, Tong Caring for Ancient Times" Zhang Yanghao (Yuan Dynasty) The drunkard's intention is not in wine, but in the mountains and rivers.

The wild fields are fragrant and fragrant, the beautiful trees are beautiful but dark, the wind and frost are noble, the water falls and the rocks emerge, these are the four seasons in the mountains. People know that it is fun to travel with the governor, but they don't know how much fun the governor enjoys.

"The Drunken Old Man's Pavilion" Ouyang Xiu (Northern Song Dynasty) in his later years was known as the "Liu Yi Jushi" and had thousands of mansions, which made all the poor people in the world happy! "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind" Du Fu (Tang Dynasty) Why don't men bring Wu hooks and collect the fifty states in Guanshan? Please come to Lingyan Pavilion for a while, as if you are a scholar and a marquis of ten thousand households.

"South Garden" Li He (Tang Dynasty) has passed all the thousands of sails, but they are not the same. The slanting Hui veins are long and the water is long, and the heart is broken by Baizhou. "Dream Jiangnan" Wen Tingyun (Tang Dynasty) was as famous as Li Shangyin, and he was called "Wen Li" at that time. He lay in a lonely village and did not mourn for himself. He still wanted to be the country's garrison.

Lying down at night listening to the wind and rain, the iron horse glaciers fell into my dream. "Wind and Rain on November 4th" Lu You (Song Dynasty) Falling red is not a heartless thing, it turns into spring mud to protect flowers.

"Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai" by Gong Zizhen (Qing Dynasty) The weather is not as good as the right place, and the good place is not as good as the people. Those who have attained the truth will receive much help, while those who have lost the truth will receive little help.

"If you get the right way, you will get many help, but if you lose the right way, you will get few help." Therefore, when heaven assigns a great responsibility to a person, he must first strain his mind, strain his muscles and bones, starve his body and skin, deplete his body, and disturb his actions. Therefore, Move your heart and forbearance to gain what you can't do. Born in sorrow and died in happiness.

"Born in sorrow, died in happiness" Mencius, named Ke, was a thinker and educator during the Warring States Period. He is a representative figure of Confucianism, second only to Confucius in status, and is often called "Confucius and Mencius" in later generations.

Holding the distant mountains, swallowing up the Yangtze River, the vast water stretches endlessly; the sun shines brightly in the morning and the evening falls. 3. Famous Chinese Character Refining Sentences

Birds stay in the trees by the pond, and the monk knocks on the door and tells you a story: Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao is good at writing five-character poems. He is very devoted when writing and pays great attention to words. One day, when he was riding a donkey and walking, he suddenly remembered two poems: "The bird stayed in the tree beside the pond, and the monk knocked on the door under the moon." He first wanted to use the word "push", but after changing it to "knock", I think the word "push" is also a good word. Just like this, Jia Dao was making pushing and knocking movements with his hands on the donkey's back, and he couldn't make up his mind for a moment. At this time, Han Yu, the governor of Kyoto, happened to go out, and Jia Dao was just thinking deeply and walked away without realizing it. Entering Han Yu's guard of honor, he was pulled in front of Han Yu in a daze. Han Yu asked what was going on, and Jia Dao remembered the poem and couldn't decide which word to use and said it again. Han Yu was a great writer, and after listening to Jia Dao After Dao finished speaking, he also began to think deeply. After a while, Han Yu said to Jia Dao: "It's better to use typing." From then on, people used "thinking" to refer to considering the words and thinking over and over.

4. The poet's famous sayings about refining words and sentences

Jia Dao·"After the Poetry" Two sentences were obtained in three years? One chant and two tears flowed from a close friend, how can I not appreciate it? Returning to the old mountain in autumn. This poem has five unique features. Jia Dao recited it as an annotated poem after the two lines of "Walking alone at the bottom of the pond, counting the breaths of the trees". The meaning is that these two lines of poems took three years of hard thinking before they were recited, and the recital made them burst into tears. A close friend. Readers should know the pain of my poetry and the rarity of good verses. If people who understand my poetry do not appreciate it, I will disappear from my hometown to spend my remaining years and never write poetry again. It shows the hardship and hard work of the poet's art. , also shows that good poems and lines are not easy to come by. Jia Dao's spirit of hard chanting has a great influence on later generations. For example, Fang Qian said: "It takes a lifetime to recite a five-character sentence, and a few white mustaches" and "It takes a lifetime to recite a five-character sentence." "Heart", Lu Yanrang: "Yin'an twists several stems and whiskers with one word", all derived from Jia Dao's poems. Attached: "Send to the Unsurpassed Man" Original poem author: Jia Dao Gui Feng Ji Se Xin, send this to the people of the thatched cottage .We left the temple together, and the crickets cried to say goodbye for a while. We walked alone in the shadows of the pool, and we walked by the trees. Finally, we met in the haze, and we were close neighbors on the rooftop. Monks in the Tang Dynasty were very interested in poetry, so they took themselves with them. I have written poems and come to visit. Qi has asked Zheng Gu to read the poems one by one. When Zheng Gu read the poem "Early Plum Blossoms", he couldn't help but think deeply. Zheng Gu chanted: "The deep snow in Qiancun Here, last night a few plum blossoms bloomed..." Zheng Gu said to Qi: "If a few plum blossoms bloom, it's not too early." Zheng Gu pondered for a while again and said, "Why don't you change the word 'number' to '' I'm asking for it." Qi Yi heard this and exclaimed in surprise: "What a great change!" He bowed respectfully to Zheng Gu. When the literati found out, they called Zheng Gu "Qi Yi". The "master of one word".——From "Chronicles of Tang Poetry". 5. Ancient poems about refining Chinese characters

About Wine Author: Ju Jie

Don’t miss your thin face after three cups of wine. A hundred years old will be as good as half gone. After refining the youthful charm, there are still many things left to do, including illness and sorrow.

The tired guest in Cangjiang has new yellow hair, and the beauty in the empty valley has old green moth. You can ask about Pengshan in Zhu State, but it is still dancing deep in the drunken countryside.

Author of the statement: Tang Yin

If you don’t refine elixirs, you won’t meditate, and if you don’t work as a merchant, you won’t plow the fields.

When you have time to write, just sell it on the green hills, and don’t make money to do evil in the world!

Author of Dreams: Bai Juyi

Don’t come to the boss to practice hard and become ashes.

My whole life’s memories are gone, why did I fall into a dream last night?

Visiting the Jiao Refiner Author: Wang Changling

On the mossy wall of the middle peak, a little cloud appears. Unexpectedly, in the stone hall, I would meet the Jiao Refiner.

The incense burner clears the piano table, and the pine shadows are leisurely on the Yaochi. I worship and receive the long-term medicine, and I turn to the Western Sea period.

Lingxu Mountain Author: Li Bai

Ding Ling passed away from the world and walked towards the immortal road with a flick of his clothes. After refining the nine elixirs, they will go with the five clouds.

Usneas cover the secluded cave, and the peach and apricots hide in their deep recesses. I don’t know how many times he turned into a crane and returned to Liaohai.

Presented to Hu Tianshi Author: Wu Zetian

The master Ye Gaozhi went to the mountain home in mountain clothes. The wind and moon are far away, separated by haze.

Bixiu peeked into the mysterious cave and made elixir in the jade stove. Today I went to Xingjin and looked up at Lingcha.

Twenty-four Xiyuan Palace Ci poems (in order) Author: Zhang Yuankai

The alchemists are like clouds over the sea, and the true essence is not cinnabar.

Ten thousand gold is used to make a pot of Chinese medicine, and sorrow kills the green flower of the calyx of the immortal.

The Medicine Refining Island and Zheng Junxi’s drunken inscription on the stone. Author: Ge Yilong

In the place where Xian Weng made medicine, there was no island with weeds. A little green in the center of the water, guests sleep like white gulls.

Taihu Lake is shallow this year, but it is much wider. I'm just afraid that Magu will come and meet people.

Liu Immortal Stone Author: Zu Wuze

The Immortal Immortal Stone will exist forever, and it will represent the cave door through the ages.

If people want to practice cultivation, don’t just tap the stick on the moss marks.

Nanping Author: Zhu Yi

As the steps of a hundred steps progress, the Nanping hall moves upward.

It is clear that all things are in this crowded place, and they are competing to refine carvings and engrave my poems.

Shang Wang Ji Author: Zheng Xie

If you want to refine this heart into an ancient mirror, the clear light will shine through Taixu Ming.

As soon as I shed the tears of an old friend in the morning, the box is still full of dust.

Author of Jade Butterfly Spring: Zhang Gui

A place for immortals to practice, and a jade well with magical powers. The sun and moon are seen in both wheels, and the yin and yang orifices are connected.

It is so clear that it can give endless blessings. I still hope for the power of Dansha, but I should pour it into the dust and think of it empty.

Author of the View on Alchemy: Huang Jia

When heaven and earth are like furnaces, the cinnabar turns stones into elixirs.

The remains of Dancheng's stove are empty and left behind, leaving them for the experts to draw and see. 6. Poems about practicing calligraphy

1. I have learned a lot since childhood and have high ambitions in my life. Others have swords, but I have a pen like a knife. ——"Poems of a Child Prodigy"

2. I have been too lazy to write books all my life, but I finished them quickly. The frightening wind roars day and night, and you can live in peace wherever you go. ——Li Zhi of the Ming Dynasty, "The Continued Burning of Books"

3. There is nothing on the brow, but a thousand years of writing. ——Shao ??Ding of the Song Dynasty, "In the Mountain"

4. When the paper fell, the wind started, shaking the sky and seeing thick dew. What else can we do without painting and literature? ——Tang Dynasty Geng Mao's "Ode to Xuanzhou Bi"

5. When the pen falls in the storm, the poem becomes weeping ghosts and gods.

——Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty, "Send Li Twelve Whites and Twenty Rhymes"

6. I don't like to be trapped by nature, and I often violate class rules. The class teacher often punishes me to copy the class rules 20 times, and I have to do three Hold the pen together. I often tell people that this is how I got my good calligraphy skills. ——Han Han 7. Does anyone have a classic quote about how the ancients practiced calligraphy?

The ancients paid great attention to the practice of calligraphy when writing poems and lyrics. "Because of human nature, there are good sentences, but the words are not surprising", "Reciting a word, twisting several stems and whiskers", "Poems and poems can only show the clumsiness of workmanship with one word", etc., all show the importance that the ancients attached to the refinement of calligraphy. . When the ancients wrote poems and lyrics, they paid attention to the refinement of words. Those who refine the words well at the key points to make the whole sentence fly and make others look at it with admiration are the so-called "poetry eyes" and "word eyes".

"The spring breeze turns green to the south bank of the river" (Northern Song Dynasty? Wang Anshi? "Boating at Guazhou"). Legend has it that when Wang Anshi wrote this poem, he changed many words in the original manuscript. He first used "to", then changed it to "guo", then changed it to "ru", and then changed it to "man". None of them were satisfactory, so he revised it a lot. times, and finally chose the word "green". The word "green" is used very well. The word "green" vividly and vividly expresses the change of the spring breeze covering Jiangnan with green clothes, giving people a sense of movement. This poem describes a scene, touches the scene and evokes emotions, which lays the foundation for the lyricism of the next sentence.

"The clouds break through the moon and the flowers make shadows" (Song Dynasty Zhang Xian's "Tian Xianzi"). This sentence has a small number of words but a rich meaning. The four characters "cloud, moon, flower, and shadow" describe three objects and four scenes, and the three characters "break, come, and make" are used in the middle to write three consecutive dynamics: the cloud "breaks" and the moon "comes", and the moon With the word "come", there is the "shadow" of the flower, and the "shadow" of the flower leads to the word "nong". With the word "nong", there is the elegant posture of the flower branches swaying in the wind and caressing the flower shadow. Just seven words, written from the sky to the ground, the bright clouds and the moon, the wind making the shadows of the flowers, constitute a beautiful and hazy picture, personifying the clouds, the moon, and the flowers, giving them rich emotions and life, and at the same time making them The peaceful scene took on the power of flight.

"The old orioles and their young are cared for by the wind, and the plum blossoms are fattened by the rain" ("Man Ting Fang" by Zhou Bangyan, Song Dynasty). Our ancients were accustomed to using words flexibly. Adjectives and nouns can be used as verbs, and they can be used vividly and vividly as soon as they are used. Thinking about the yellow-mouthed chicks, from being cute and naive waiting for feeding, to slowly gaining feathers, to spreading their wings and leaving the nest, it is not just a day, but also the hard work of the parent birds, various forms, and the time is long. Later, I only got the word "老", which was really strong and intoxicating. Our thoughts are wandering in the word "old", and several months pass by without paying attention. Another rain "fat" the plums, how many more rains have they gone through? It should be from "the light rain is slender and the wind is gentle", to "the willows on the embankment are drunk with spring smoke", to "a branch of red apricots coming out of the wall", to "the flowers faded to red and green and the apricots are small", and finally to the richness in the rain. Fat. I wrote out the dynamics and the form, thinking about the plum blossoms going from small and shy to yellow and plump, and the plumpness with a hint of red in the yellow, how can it not be coveted!

Jia Dao took the imperial examination for the first time and lived in Beijing. One day, he thought of two poems on the donkey's back: "The bird lives in the tree beside the pond, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon." He also wanted to use the word "push", but he couldn't fix the word, so he chanted it on the donkey's back and stretched out his hand to do it. With a thoughtful posture, people are surprised to see him like this. At that time, Han Yu was acting as the governor of the capital and was on a patrol with his carriages and horses. Jia Dao unknowingly walked to the third section of Han Yu's ceremonial guard and kept making gestures. In this way, the attendant who was not influenced by others was pushed in front of Han Yu. Jia Dao answered the poem truthfully and couldn't decide whether he used the word "who" or "knock", so his thoughts left the things in front of him and he didn't know how to avoid them. Han Yu stopped his horse and thought for a long time, and then said to Jia Dao: "It's better to use the word 'knock'." So the two rode their donkeys home side by side and discussed the methods of composing poems. They couldn't bear to leave each other. After staying for several days, Han Yu Therefore, he and Jia Dao forged a deep friendship.