The Chinese syllabus for primary schools stipulates that the composition must have content. This means that the content of the composition should be specific and not empty talk. For a long time, the problem of empty composition has been puzzling students, and "concrete content" is the most basic requirement of composition teaching in primary schools. What should I do if I have substantive content? Here are some of my views.
1, "multi-perspective" observation.
"Seen from the side of the mountain, there are different heights", which is a famous philosophical saying of Su Shi. This famous saying brilliantly shows that objective things have the inherent characteristics of many faces and angles. Therefore, our observation must adopt a corresponding multi-angle approach. When observing things, we must be comprehensive and meticulous. We should look at all the parts that make up a static thing and carefully look at all aspects of each part. Every concrete thing is always made up of several parts. If we miss a part when observing, then what we observe is incomplete. For example, when we observe a pot of jasmine, I should notice that it is composed of four parts: root, stem, leaf and flower. Especially visible stems, leaves and flowers. You can't miss it when you observe. If omitted, the jasmine we observed is incomplete, and people can't clearly understand its whole when expressing it. If we don't pay attention to the quality, color and shape of its stem, it is difficult to understand its characteristics. If you don't carefully observe its color, shape and taste, it is difficult to understand the characteristics of flowers. On the contrary, if we carefully observe these aspects, then our understanding of jasmine is not general, but concrete. Of course, we should not only look at static things, but also look at the whole process of things' change and each development stage carefully.
2. "Multi-faceted" thinking
When writing a composition, we should understand and think from different angles and aspects. The writing of notes is inseparable from the development and change process of things, such as the occurrence, development, climax and result. Writing a person's composition is also inseparable from specific things. So when writing this kind of composition, we should pay attention to the development and changes of things. Events change with the passage of practice and the change of place. What are the different situations in different places at different times? Let's write down these situations in order of priority, and the composition will be more specific. At the same time, telling a story is always inseparable from people's activities. Therefore, when writing a composition, we must pay attention to describing the relevant people. By describing the expression, dynamics, language and psychology of the characters, the composition is enriched. Take "Remember a table tennis match" as an example. Think about it: from the perspective of both sides of the game, what are their actions, language, demeanor and psychology? From the audience's point of view, what comments and behaviors did they make during the competition?
When we think and analyze things in this way, we are ready to write a concrete article. But the requirement of writing a specific article is not to write a "running account". Writing articles is the most taboo to say empty words, and it is the most unacceptable to say nothing. Some students think that the more words you write, the better. It is common for some students to explain the time, place and people, and the cause, process and result of the incident are also very clear, but they are flat and faint, which is not impressive or touching to readers. What is the reason? It is because the content is not specific. How can we make the content concrete? I think the most important thing is to pay attention to the performance of the protagonist at the important stage of the development of things, and think more about what he said, did and thought about this matter. Can not be satisfied with the statement of the development process of things.
Second, the composition should be organized.
The organization of the article belongs to the whole article, which refers to the internal organizational structure of the article. He is like a human skeleton, which strongly supports the whole article. The coherent external expression of an article refers to the order of the article. For example, the focus of Beautiful Xiaoxing 'anling is to depict the beauty of the scenery in the order of "spring, summer, autumn and winter". As far as its organizational structure is concerned, the internal performance of article coherence mainly refers to the author's ideas and clues. Xiaoxing 'anling has beautiful scenery and rich products, which is both a big garden and a treasure house. When writing this article about scenery, the author described the growth order of trees and other scenery in Xiaoxing 'anling all year round, which not only conforms to the growth characteristics of animals and plants, but also conforms to people's understanding of scenery, which is more conducive to expressing the center of the article.
Before you start writing, go through the composition materials in your mind like watching a movie, and manage all the material processes well. The article written in this way is very clear. For example, a classmate wrote about the process of "scrambled eggs with tomatoes". I only wrote about buying, washing, cutting and frying, but I lost the process of beating eggs, which makes people feel puzzled: when did the eggs come out of the pot?
Orderly writing is an important basic skill for students to write good articles. A well-organized article can rationalize the level of the article and make the theme clear. Such an article is not only readable, but also impressive.
Third, the composition should have a center.
Writing an article is not only to let readers know about a person or a thing, but also to show people their thoughts and feelings. Specifically, it is to show people their views and opinions on a certain issue, as well as the contents of approval and opposition. That is, literally, readers can see the author's thoughts. This is the central idea of what is usually called an article. This is the soul of the article.
Composition has a clear center, which has a direct impact on the selection, structure and expression of composition. The ancients said that "intention comes first" is reasonable. Therefore, to write a good composition, we must first determine the center. A composition can only have one central idea. Narrative composition, whether writing one thing or several things, should be in one composition, with a central idea running through the whole text, and should be written closely around one center, not several centers. A profound center can give people profound inspiration and education, but some students often list phenomena when recording people's narratives, do not use their brains to analyze and understand what they have written, and do not pay attention to the ideological significance contained in what they have written, so the center is not profound and innovative. For example, some students wrote that ants "pave the way". They didn't stop at the superficial understanding of this matter, but paved the way from ants and thought of ways to realize the four modernizations. Qi Xin's spirit of working together is not afraid of difficulties, which is embodied in ants. We should also carry forward this spirit when we are thinking about realizing the four modernizations at an early date. In this way, the center of the article is much deeper than the matter.
Fourth, the composition should express true feelings.
Emotion, that is, emotion, is to express what you see, hear and feel in life in words. Therefore, we must love life, feel everything around us actively, enthusiastically and actively, and feel people, things, things and scenery with our hearts. In this way, you will find beauty sensitively from ordinary life, feel beauty and be infected by boiling life. Stir up emotional waves. There is a desire to write "don't spit." The content of the article written in this way can be true and reasonable, and naturally there will be real feelings. However, many students only pay attention to the process of events and the words and deeds of characters when observing writing. For example, what are the feelings of the characters and how do they feel? How have these feelings changed? As things change, how do emotions change? Therefore, although the characters at that time were local and moved, they were also moved. But I didn't observe and capture it. I just described the content and lacked emotion. Writer Liu Zeng once said: "If the author does not inject blood and feelings into the article, how can the article have burning enthusiasm and brilliance?" It can be seen that if you have feelings, you will grasp them, and it is possible to inject these real, rich and changing emotions into the lines with what you write. Make the article produce burning enthusiasm and brilliance. Of course, if we grasp the emotions, we should learn to write these emotions into the article truly, and reveal the emotional changes of the characters in the process of describing people, things, things and scenes, and penetrate into the author's feelings.
Fifth, the composition must be fluent.
We write a composition by expressing ourselves sentence by sentence. Whether each sentence can clearly express a meaning is the basis that directly affects the quality of composition. A fluent sentence means that there is nothing wrong. Whether expressing "who" or "what", "what" or "how", we can use words accurately and arrange the order of words reasonably. When students write a composition, they often unconsciously express the following language expressions.
1, write sick sentences. There is a certain distance between speaking and writing. As soon as what some students want to say in their hearts falls on the written word, they get off the board and change it. But I don't realize it, so I often write sentences with improper words, inverted word order, repeated words, self-contradiction, unclear quotations and other defects. The exercise we often do to modify sick sentences is to train people to write less or not to write sick sentences. Many students have a high correct rate when doing exercises in this field. But as soon as I started writing, sick sentences popped up as usual. This is mainly because some students don't pay enough attention to the requirement of sentence fluency. Especially for senior three students, they often use their brains in selecting materials for examination and ignore the problem of composition expression.
2. Incoherence between sentences and incoherence between sentences are the most prominent and serious phenomena in students' expression. For example, the order between sentences is reversed, the relationship between sentences is improper, the meaning jumps between sentences, the meaning repeats between sentences, and the expression between sentences lacks change. The above performance is a question of sentences. So, how can we make sentences fluent? In my opinion, in addition to subjective factors, students should learn to master some writing skills of sentence coherence to overcome the problem of different order caused by this.
In short, it is not difficult to write a composition, but it is not a simple matter to write a good composition. Only by laying down the most important basic skills of composition in primary schools can we write vivid, concrete and touching articles.