About the Olympics

Olympic Games

The World Comprehensive Games sponsored by the International Olympic Committee. Every four years, it is the largest and highest level sports meeting in the world.

The origin of the Olympic Games

In 776 BC, the Greeks stipulated that a sports meeting should be held in Olympia every four years. During the sports meeting, all Greek athletes and nearby citizens gathered in Olympia, a scenic town in southern Greece. In 776 BC, the first Olympic Games was held here, and Dorian Klose won the 192.27 meter sprint. He became the first winner of the first event in the International Olympic Games.

Later, the scale of the ancient Sila Games gradually expanded and became a grand event to show the national spirit. The winner of the competition can get a wreath of laurel, wild olive and palm. From 776 BC to 394 AD, after 1 170 years, the 293rd ancient Olympic Games were held. It was banned by the Roman emperor in 394 AD.

1875 ~ 188 1 year, Kutius in Germany excavated cultural relics in Olympic sites, which aroused the interest of the whole world. Therefore, Pierre De Coubertin, a French educator, believes that it is of great significance to restore the tradition of the ancient Greek Olympic Games to promote the development of international sports. Under his advocacy and active running, the first international sports conference was held in Paris in June 1894. The International Sports Congress decided to call the world-wide comprehensive games the Olympic Games, and held the first modern Olympic Games in Athens, Greece in April 1896, which is held every four years in turn in all member countries.

By 19 92, 25 Olympic Games had been held.

opening ceremony

The evolution of the Olympic Games, called competitive games in ancient times, originated in ancient Greece and was named after being held in Olympia. The ancient Greeks had a tradition of loving sports. Ancient Greece was divided into many city states. In order to offer sacrifices to gods, city-states often hold sports meetings, which are strongly religious. During the Games, a sacred truce was implemented, which facilitated citizens' free communication and brought short-term peace to the endless war between the city-states, so it was widely welcomed. Among many competitions, the largest and longest-lasting one is the one held in Olympia to worship Zeus, the father of the gods, which is now called the ancient Olympic Games.

flag-raising ceremony

The first ancient Olympic Games was held in 776 BC. After that, it was held every four years. Until 393 AD, the Christian Roman emperor Theodosius I banned all pagan activities and announced the abolition of the ancient Olympic Games. It lasted 1 169 years and was held for 293 times. Decades later, Theodosius II burned the temple of Zeus, and later floods and earthquakes buried the remains of the ancient Olympic Games.

/kloc-in the middle of the 0/8th century, the ruins of the ancient Olympic Games were rediscovered by archaeologists. With the development of modern sports, people are eager to restore the Olympic Games. From 1859 to 1889, the Greeks held four Olympic Games. 1888, Baron P de Coubertin of France put forward the proposal of restoring the Olympic Games, and visited all European countries in 1892. After two years of operation and raising funds, an international sports conference was held in Paris, France in June, 1894. On June 23rd, the International Olympic Committee was established. From then on, June 23rd was called Olympic Day. The meeting also decided to hold the first modern Olympic Games in Athens, Greece on 1896, and then every four years, alternately in major cities on five continents. If the sports meeting cannot be held for some reason, the number of Olympic Games will still be counted.

The first Olympic Charter initiated and formulated by Coubertin was adopted at the Paris International Conference in June 1894. It involves the basic purposes, principles and other related matters of the Olympic Movement. 192 1 The Olympic Games in Lausanne formulated the Olympic Law, including the Olympic Charter, the Constitution of the International Olympic Committee, the Rules and Protocols of the Olympic Games, the General Rules for Hosting the Olympic Games and the Rules of the Olympic Parliament. Over the past decades, the Olympic Law has been revised and supplemented many times, but the basic principles and spirit formulated by Coubertin have not changed.

1900, at the second Olympic Games held in Paris, 1 1 women broke the ban and appeared on the sports ground. After several arguments, the International Olympic Committee finally passed the resolution to allow women to participate in the Olympic Games at the 22nd meeting of 1924. Since then, women's events have become an indispensable part of the Olympic Games, and more and more female athletes have participated in it.

With the development of the Olympic Movement, the International Olympic Committee has formulated many regulations. 19 13, according to Coubertin's idea, the International Olympic Committee designed the Olympic flag with a boundless white background and five interlocking rings in the middle. The colors of the five rings are sky blue, yellow, black, green and red. The five rings symbolize the unity of the five continents, and athletes from all over the world gather in the Olympic Games with fair and frank competition and friendly spirit. 19 14 to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the restoration of the modern Olympic movement, the Olympic flag was used for the first time in the Olympic Games held in Paris. 1920 during the Antwerp Olympic games, the first five-ring flag was raised in the stadium. Since then, the flag handover ceremony and flag-raising ceremony have been held in the opening ceremonies of previous Olympic Games. In order to publicize the Olympic spirit and encourage athletes, Coubertin proposed in 19 13 and was approved by the International Olympic Committee, taking "swifter, higher and stronger" as the Olympic motto. 1908 When the London Olympic Games was held, the Archbishop of Pennsylvania in the United States said in his sermon at the religious ceremony of the Olympic Games held in St. Paul's Cathedral that "it is important to participate in the Olympic Games, not to win". Coubertin appreciated this sentence very much and quoted it many times in the future. Therefore, many people think that this sentence should become an Olympic ideal. Athletes' oath will be implemented from the 7th Olympic Games of 1920. 1968 Olympic Games added the oath of referee. At the 1936 1 1 Olympic Games, the IOC officially stipulated that the Olympic flame symbolizing light, friendship and unity should be lit at the main venue. Since then, this activity has become one of the indispensable ceremonies for the opening ceremony of each Olympic Games. Before the Olympic Games, the torch was lit by the sunlight gathered by concave mirror near the temple of the Greek goddess Hera (the wife of Zeus) in Olympia, and then carried on the torch relay and arrived in the host city the day before the opening of the Olympic Games. At the opening ceremony, the athletes of the host country lit the flame on the tower with the last stick, and the flame went out at the closing ceremony.

the athletes march in

The Olympic flag and the flags of participating countries were flying at the venue.

According to the regulations, all national Olympic committees recognized by the International Olympic Committee can send sports teams to participate in the Olympic Games. Before 1949, the Republic of China sent teams or teams to participate in the 9th, 10,1,14 Olympic Games. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), when the 15 Olympic Games was held in Finland on 1952, the Chinese Olympic Committee was invited to participate for the first time, and China athletes took part in swimming competitions. Since then, the Chinese Olympic Committee once severed contact with the International Olympic Committee. 1June 1979,165438+1October, the IOC resumed its legal seat in the Chinese Olympic Committee. 1984 China sent 225 athletes to participate in the 23rd Olympic Games held in Los Angeles, USA, and won the fourth gold medal (15). 1988 in the 24th Olympic Games and 1992 in the 25th Olympic Games, China sent delegations to participate in the competitions, and both achieved good results.

Hosting the Olympic Games is the largest and most influential comprehensive sports meeting in the world. Under normal circumstances, Yuan Capital, the president of the International Olympic Committee and the host country, attended the opening and closing ceremonies of the conference and delivered a speech at the conference. The head of the host country announced the opening of the conference. Countries (or regions) that participated in the Olympic Games in the past were invited by the host country, which was decided at the Seoul meeting of the IOC Executive Committee in September 1986, and was later invited by the IOC.

According to the constitution of the International Olympic Committee, the Olympic Games belong to the patent of the International Olympic Committee. According to the organizational capacity and financial resources of the city applying for hosting the next Olympic Games, all members of the IOC vote to decide the host city of the next Olympic Games, and the IOC signs the necessary contracts with the city that has won the right to host the next Olympic Games. The host city must abide by the constitution and instructions of the International Olympic Committee, generally build stadiums that meet the standards, and provide special accommodation for athletes. These houses are usually called the Olympic Village.

Olympic sports include: track and field, basketball, football, volleyball, swimming (including diving, water polo and synchronized swimming), hockey, gymnastics, weightlifting, cycling, wrestling, judo, shooting, archery, fencing, rowing, sailing, equestrian, boxing, handball, modern pentathlon, tennis and table tennis. In addition to official events, the IOC also authorized the host country to list 1 ~ 3 non-Olympic official events popular in its own country as exhibition events of this Olympic Games, and other countries can also send teams to participate. As an informal competition, the winner will not be awarded a medal.

Reward the IOC for emphasizing that the competition is only a competition between individuals and teams, not a contest of sports strength between countries. The International Olympic Committee only announced the results of the competition, and no country won the prize. However, the host country, the press and national Olympic committees all make statistics in this respect and make comprehensive rankings according to medals or scores. In terms of rewards, we also pay attention to spirit and reputation. The International Olympic Committee believes that spiritual reward is one of the important factors of the Olympic spirit. The top three athletes who win in the Olympic Games will only be awarded gold, silver and bronze medals, and no material rewards will be given.

The ancient Olympic Games has a history of 1200 years since it was held in Olympia, Greece in 776 BC. It was originally a religious ceremony and gradually evolved into a sports activity. At that time, there were five events (including discus, javelin, long jump, running and wrestling), running, boxing, wrestling, boxing wrestling (a mixed sport of boxing and wrestling), carriage race and horse riding. The ancient Olympic Games reflected people's desire for peace. During the Olympic Games, the warring sides would have a truce, but the ancient Olympic Games were finally stopped because of the war.

The revival of the Olympic Games began at 1896. Thanks to the efforts of the founder of the Olympic Games, Coubertin, the first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens, Greece, with 245 athletes from 14 countries participating. Since then, the number of participating athletes, participating countries and participating events has increased day by day. In the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games in Australia, more than 65,438+000,000 athletes from 65,438+099 countries participated in the competition. As the largest gathering in the world, the spirit of "Faster, Higher and Stronger" put forward by the Olympic Games embodies the spirit of modern people's pursuit of a happy life.

Winter sports first joined the Olympic Games in 1908, when it was figure skating. Ice hockey increased from 1920. 1924, the Winter Olympic Games was held in Nice, Tchami for the first time. Because 1994, the Winter Olympics is scheduled to be held in the same year as the Summer Olympics, so the current Olympic Games are held every two years, and the Winter Olympics and the Summer Olympics are held alternately.

The venue of previous Summer Olympic Games.

The year of the session.

1 Athens? Greece 1896

2 Paris? France 1900

3 st Louis? USA 1904

4 London? UK 1908

5 Stockholm? Sweden 19 12

6 Berlin? Germany 19 16

7 Antwerp? Belgium 1920

8 Paris? France 1924

9 Amsterdam? Netherlands 1928

10 Los Angeles? USA 1932