The geographical discovery, also known as the age of exploration or great navigation, refers to that from the 5th century A.D./KLOC-0 to the 7th century A.D./KLOC-0, European fleets appeared in the oceans all over the world, looking for new trade routes and trading partners, thus developing new capitalism in Europe. Europeans discovered many unknown countries and regions in Europe at that time. Many famous navigators emerged in Europe, including Columbus, Da Gama, Cabral, Diaz, Delane and Magellan. With the opening of new air routes, cultural and trade exchanges between the East and the West began to increase greatly, and colonialism and free trade began to appear. The rapid development of Europe during this period laid the foundation for its prosperity beyond Asia. It has also had a long-term impact on the development of all continents in the world hundreds of years later.

The Middle Ages, which lasted from the 5th century to15th century, was the middle period of the division of the three traditions in European history. The Middle Ages began with the decline of the Western Roman Empire (AD 476), and finally merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration (geographical discovery). [1] Another view is that the Middle Ages ended with the demise of the Eastern Roman Empire.