A good beginning, let the reader know what you want to say at once, that is, let the reader know your argument or topic. Bai Juyi said that "the first sentence is aimed at its purpose" and advocated making the opening sentence clear. Li Tu said in "The Essence of Articles", "It is best to start a sentence with a word." In short, let readers know what you are talking about and know its intention from the beginning.
Second, be beautiful.
Only beauty can attract readers. The beauty at the beginning of the article mainly refers to the beauty of skills, such as setting suspense, using allusions, quoting famous sayings, asking questions, highlighting goals and rebounding. Formal beauty is the guarantee of content beauty, and the two complement each other. Never underestimate the function of formal beauty and technical beauty at the beginning of an article.
Third, simplicity.
Simplicity is the guarantee of clarity. Some candidates like to repeat raw materials when writing material compositions, which is very wordy. What should I do if I start with raw materials and can't get lost in them? There are two ways: one is to "summarize" raw materials; The other is to select representative sentences from raw materials to let readers know what raw materials generally mean, and never quote more raw materials.
An example of writing at the beginning of an abstract argumentative essay
First, organically combine narrative and discussion, and put forward the central argument.
This is one of the most common basic methods in the beginning of argumentative writing.
Example 1. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a young man named Chen Fan who studied hard in a small room all day. One of his father's friends saw that his room was in a mess and criticized him. Chen Fan said: "When a man is a gentleman, he will be safe if he wants to clean up the world." His father's friend said, "If you don't clean a room, how can you clean the world?"
-The idea of this example is: ① Start with small things; 2 start from yourself; ③ Pay attention to life accomplishment anytime and anywhere; (4) Don't do it with small kindness, and don't do it with small evil; ⑤ Correctly handle the dialectical relationship between ideal and life; 6 be ambitious and down-to-earth; Wait a minute.
If you take Idea 6 as the argument of the article, you can start like this:
"How can you sweep the world if you don't sweep a room?" (This is a narrative, and the raw materials are selectively quoted first) How correct. To sweep the world, you must sweep the "one room" first. With the behavior habit of sweeping "one room", there is a good quality foundation for sweeping "the world". (This is a 1 analysis, which builds a bridge between the quotation of raw materials and the statement of arguments. )
For example, some people say that "the reason why people can walk upright is that the spine is at work." Faith is a strong backbone. "
-the material center is: faith, an important pillar of life; People should have faith when they are alive.
According to this central argument, its beginning can naturally be written as follows:
Yes, (this is the analysis and evaluation of 1) "Faith is a strong backbone" and (this is a narrative, which captures the key points) is an important pillar of life. (This is the analysis of 2, which is a bridge from raw material quotation to demonstration. ) people must have faith when they are alive. This is an analysis of 3, which clarifies the central argument. )
Second, different structural types have different narrative expressions.
This point is often overlooked by middle school students in writing.
Ma cherishes Dai Zhou's collection of "Bullfighting Pictures". In their spare time, they exposed the exhibition in front of the museum, and some farmers (farmers) snickered after seeing it. When the public is suspicious, they ask why. He said, "Farmers don't know paintings, but they know real cows. When they fight, they end up with moustaches (b), even though they are strong.
-this example focuses on "farmers know the real cow without knowing the painting", and its original intention should be: practice makes true knowledge. The structure of the article is most suitable for extension, and the discussion is gradual, so the beginning can be written like this:
"Farmers don't know how to draw", but they can point out the defects of "Bullfighting Map" by "farmers know real cows", long-term labor practice and profound life accumulation. (At the beginning, the central argument was not put forward, and Lenovo was used to introduce "Napoleon grew up from a soldier to a marshal and established the Third Reich after a long battle", "Gao Yubao grew up from a poor boy to a famous writer because of his personal life experience", ".
Example 6. The following four maxims have the same meaning. Please summarize a topic.
The road to scientific victory is paved with countless failed bricks and stones.
If you refuse to fail, then success will be shut out of your door forever.
(3) Failure is a sign at the fork in the road leading to success, which says "This road is blocked".
Success is the sweet fruit of bitter roots.
This example needs to sum up its common points in order to accurately conceive that failure is the mother of success. The article is most suitable for choosing the type of proof structure. It can start with:
Failure is the mother of success. This is a summary of historical experience and an irrefutable truth. (Directly point out the central argument and emphasize evaluative analysis) ... (The following is an argumentative discussion from four angles: according to material ①, discuss the road to success, according to material ②, discuss the correct attitude towards failure, according to material ③, discuss the role of accepting the lessons of failure, and according to material ④, discuss the relationship between the happiness of success and the challenge of failure. )
Example 7, read the cartoon "Throw a steamed bun casually" and write an argumentative essay in connection with the reality.
-This case takes the image and exaggerated works of art (cartoons) as the proposition material, with rich and profound implications. The main points that can be refined are: ① to advocate thrift; ② Strengthening the excellent traditional moral education; ③ Schools urgently need quality education reform; ④ Cultivate successors with sound personality and noble morality, and so on. The language of the characters in the cartoon is "Just throw a steamed bun, it's a piece of cake!" It directly reflects a wrong view, so the most suitable structural type of the article is refutation. If (1) is the argument of the article, the beginning can be:
Is throwing a steamed bun a trivial matter? It's a piece of cake, but it's okay. A steamed bread is nothing but a few cents. Especially now, people's living standards have improved. Spending a few extra cents and throwing away a steamed bread really won't starve a person. You can avoid one-sidedness and return to absurd analysis. However, with the improvement of living standards, there is no need to carry forward the traditional virtue of saving food.
Example 8. Read the following materials and write an argumentative essay in combination with the actual situation.
Material 1, there is such a report: the famous brand fee of "famous school"-Hangzhou Foreign Language School bargained 50 thousand. The article wrote, "Every haggler must pay at least 50,000 yuan ... If there is more money, pull over ..."
Material 2, Luotian County, Hubei Province, has been rated as the national advanced education unit twice, but as an old revolutionary base area, Luomeihe Township is in such a situation-153 students should be enrolled in the autumn of 987, and less than 4 18 students should be enrolled in the first week of school; The autumn of 1988 should be 2 198 people, not 743 people; In the spring of 1990, it should be 2254 people, not 1 129 people. This means that more than 50% of children will become new illiterates! This means that this old revolutionary base area will continue to be poor! ..... Some families just want to send their children to school, but they can't afford to pay tuition and fees of 10 to 20 yuan per semester.
-This case is made up of two comparative materials, one positive and one negative. This view mainly comes from material 2: education should serve the people. The article is also most suitable for reviewing the structure. Its beginning can be written as:
Poverty, backwardness, poverty ... vicious circle, (analysis 1 reveals the consequences of the following materials) plagues the people in the old revolutionary base areas, and more than 50% school-age children in Luomeihe Township are in danger of becoming "new illiterates". (This is Syria) They don't want to study or learn knowledge and culture, just because they are poor. What should our education do (determine the discussion angle, then analyze the review material 1, introduce some other positive materials, supplemented by a comprehensive and in-depth review and analysis of material 2, and finally put forward the central argument at the end of the article)
"Everything is difficult at the beginning", and writing an argumentative essay for the first time is even more difficult at the beginning. Taking junior high school Chinese textbooks as an example, this paper introduces ten common methods at the beginning of an argumentative essay for students' reference.
1. Cut to the chase and put forward the central argument directly from the beginning. For example, from the very beginning, when we talked about morality, we put forward the central argument that "we China people have backbone", and then explained the content of backbone in Mencius' words, and then made a concrete demonstration. Criticism and self-criticism, about writing articles, two habits that can't be formed belong to this starting method. This startup method. You can take fewer detours.
2. Quote the famous words at the beginning. This quotation is the same as my own point of view, so as to put forward the full-text argument. For example, Doubt and Learning quoted Cheng Yi's "Scholars must doubt first" and Zhang Zai's "Those who doubt but don't doubt, don't learn, but learn must doubt." Two famous sayings put forward the central argument that research needs skepticism. "Afraid of mistakes will ruin progress", "stress diligence" and "study"
3. Ask inspiring questions. This kind of opening adopts the form of question and answer, which leads to the central argument. For example, at the beginning of "For Learning", it is put forward: "What is the matter in the world, is it difficult?" And "Is it difficult for people to learn?" Question, and then answer, put forward "learning is difficult and easy; If you don't learn, it will be difficult for you to learn easily. "This central argument. A Letter to Young People also adopts this opening way. Such an opening is easy to arouse readers' interest and inspire readers to think.
4. Discuss and analyze the topic. This discussion begins with analyzing the situation, discussing right and wrong, or expounding the truth, and puts forward the central argument in the discussion. For example, in the article "Continue to Work Hard", Comrade * * * analyzed the situation of winning the national victory, pointed out the long-term and arduous nature of consolidating the revolutionary victory, and put forward the center of "continuing to work hard". Another example is "Against Liberalism", which expounds the importance of advocating positive ideological struggle for the first time. Through comparison and discussion, although the author did not clearly put forward the central argument, the viewpoint of "opposing liberalism" has been included.
5. Talking about feelings leads to topics. This method starts from the author's personal feelings and leads to the argument. For example, in "Chinese and Mathematics", the author Su expounded the necessity of clarifying the relationship between Chinese and mathematics based on her experience of teaching and researching mathematics for more than 50 years, thus leading to the topic. This talk about feelings is homely, affectionate and persuasive.
6. Narrative introduction. This introduction first describes the things related to the center, and then leads to the central argument. For example, the article "In Memory of Bethune" first introduces Bethune's nationality, age, identity and main deeds. , and then leads to the central argument. This method is often used in whistle drawing eggs and exercises. This introduction should be concise and simple.
7. Presentation. After reading it, you will often quote what you read at the beginning, or express your feelings when you read it, and then draw an argument from it. For example, Qian's article begins with the last flash of a magnificent life, which leads to the will of Comrade Ren Congpei for discussion. In this way, the beginning is closely related to the original text, and the reading experience is closely combined.
8. Introduction of lyrics. For example, in the article "Ailian Shuo", the author highlights her "exclusive love" for lotus in a lyrical style, and then discusses it, expressing her appreciation and admiration for lotus's attitude towards life without seeking fame and fortune by symbolic means, and despising and spurning the evil world trend of pursuing fame and fortune, which is quite attractive.
9. Explain and guide the topic. That is to say, explaining the relevant content leads to the central argument. For example, in the article "Everything is concerned", the author naturally leads to the central argument by introducing couplets and their authors, the origin of couplets and the explanation of their meanings. Similarly, there are "self-taught candidates should have knowledge of literature and history" and so on.
10, the beginning of the "tree target" type. Argumentative essays often put out the fallacies of the other side and set up the target of criticism. Like "friendship" or aggression? The author first puts forward Acheson's so-called "friendship" principle and argument, which sets the target for the following criticism. You Jing Lun also uses this method.
There is no certain method for writing, and so is the beginning of an argumentative essay. But no matter how you start, you should proceed from reality and content, which is conducive to the presentation of the topic and the expression of the center.
(Published in Contemporary Middle School Students 1996.5)
(1) Go straight to the point and point out the argument. For example, in "Encouraging Learning", the argument was put out at the beginning: "The gentleman said,' If you don't learn, you can't do it'." "
A simple example.
Smell it and don't jump.
The implementation of public opinion supervision is very important. In our country where feudal consciousness is still relatively strong, it takes a process for both leaders and the masses to cultivate democratic consciousness. It is unrealistic to ask every leader to "smell" and "worship when he hears good things". It is better to mention "smell" for the time being.
Not to mention the low standard, it is not easy to do. It is not uncommon to jump when you smell it. Even with the slightest touch, the tiger will jump up. What do you mean, jump? But criticism has lost his "dignity", or it is not completely in line with the facts, or it just touches his "acupuncture point". In either case, jumping is not a good countermeasure. It can neither decorate dignity and enhance prestige, nor can it be used to clarify facts, let alone cover up mistakes. You will only expose your narrow-mindedness, and there are not many ways.
If you don't jump, it's not a plug, which can promote good reflection. You should advocate not jumping when you smell it, but ignoring it when you smell it. Or passively endure, "crustily skin of head"; Even waiting for an opportunity to retaliate against "settling accounts after autumn"; The latter's failure to jump has had a very bad influence, and history has also punished this "accounting school" for not jumping. After hearing this, I hope that after "not jumping", I will promote reflection, take good advice, draw motivation and vitality from criticism, and then do the part of the work entrusted by the party and the people better.
(The original edition of Jiefang Daily has been changed)
The central argument of this essay is the first sentence of the first paragraph: "You can't jump if you have heard it". This is an innovative opinion derived from the idiom "I'm glad to hear it" according to the actual situation of implementing public opinion supervision. Make it clear and eye-catching, and then put forward two sub-arguments: first, "don't say that the standard is low, it is not easy to do"; Second, "don't be deaf, promote reflection and be good." Put forward at the beginning of each natural paragraph in turn, which not only proves, supplements and develops the central argument, enables the discussion to expand and reach a certain depth, but also highlights the position of sub-arguments, and is also "straight to the point" in the natural paragraph to which it belongs, which undoubtedly plays a more thought-provoking role.
Several methods of starting argumentative writing
Shandong Cao huafeng
The beginning is the starting point of the article, which is related to how to start the full text. A good beginning can lead the full text, broaden the writing ideas and attract readers. The marking of college entrance examination is related to the first impression of the marking teacher, which can not be ignored. Let's analyze several common opening methods of argumentative writing with examples:
1. Explain the topic.
This preface is suitable for conceptual topics, which can be interpreted from many angles to reveal the connotation of the topic, and can also be vividly described from many aspects to deepen the understanding of the topic, which is conducive to the further development of the following. For example, "honesty has no weight, but it can make people have the weight of a feather, and it can make people have the weight of Mount Tai; Honesty has no price, but it can devalue people's souls and make them noble; Honesty has no volume, but it can make people narrow-minded and short-sighted, and it can make people broad-minded and far-sighted; Honesty has no color, but it can make people feel gloomy and pale, and it can make people feel high and happy. This only depends on whether you have it. " The author interprets and evaluates honesty with weight, price, volume and color, which is novel and surprising. Literally, it contains a profound understanding of "sincerity". Four sentences are coherent, just like a winding path, full of literary talent. It can also be explained directly. You can also cut to the chase quickly. For example, "What is honesty, honesty and trustworthiness? Throughout history, the word' sincerity' has soaked many people's blood and tears. " By revealing the nature of the topic, some people lead to the following words, such as "the choice of mentality in adversity is the moment of life", which is straightforward, concise and thought-provoking.
2. List by category.
It is mostly used to provide a scope-based theme, and the theme only delineates a writing scope. As for what opinions and attitudes the author wants to express, it can vary from person to person. At this time, you can list other viewpoints at the beginning and naturally introduce your own opinions in the comparison. For example, "the wise have saved simplicity and tolerance to choose sincerity;" Believers are unruly and choose to be strong; Sculptors choose loyalty until they die. Therefore, human beings can get rid of the pale net and then spread to the broad background of the whole era. " Here, the author lists the different choices of wise men, believers and sculptors, which not only shows the author's in-depth understanding of the topic, but also leads to his own choice in the following.
3. doubt.
Or use specific questions, set questions with pronouns such as "who, what, how and where", and cause thinking about the topic; Or ask right and wrong, ask the other party to answer "yes" or "no", so as to introduce their views smoothly; Or choose to ask questions, ask questions from two aspects, make one-on-one mistakes, or ask questions from more aspects, and emphasize one aspect, and often use "or" connection to highlight people's thinking and choice of topics. You can also ask questions repeatedly and express strong feelings in a positive or negative way. For example, at first, which one can arouse your inner beauty better? Lu Mei is cheerful and lively, symbolizing the vitality and health of young people; The sunken ship is calm and natural, symbolizing the wind and frost and the cleverness of the old man. "Another example" is dew, which means to expose without covering up. The dew of Venus makes people feel the beauty of art; In ancient China, genius was hidden, which made the human body feel deep and implicit beauty; "A beautiful woman's smile makes people feel quiet and elegant, and both' exposure' and' non-exposure' can give people beautiful enjoyment. So, which is better' exposure' or' non-exposure'? " Here, the former uses specific questions and the latter uses selective questions, which causes people to think deeply and is more conducive to the later development.
4. Metaphor of famous sayings.
This is a novel and direct way to start. By quoting famous sentences similar to or related to the theme, I can naturally make analogies to my arguments. For example, there is a saying in Juck Zhang's Shadow of Dreams:' Ju takes Yuan Ming as her confidant, Mei takes He Jingfu as her confidant, and Zhu takes Zi You as her confidant.' Facing the sea and this piece of blue, I am not only thinking: who should I be my confidant? Here, the author uses the confidants of Ju, Mei and Zhu to interpret the question of who his confidants are, which is naturally novel. Another example is "ask what the world is like and teach people to commit themselves to life and death." Yuan Haowen is really good at asking questions, and so is he. His problem can be said to be eternal Over the years, how many people have lingered on this issue and made a life answer after paying a huge price. But every family sounds like every family.
5. The lyrics are gaining momentum.
For students who like and are good at lyricism, they can express their true feelings with wonderful whole sentences at the beginning, so as to achieve the goal of moving people with emotion and gaining momentum with emotion. They can make full use of various figures of speech (such as metaphor, personification and metonymy). ). Many of the sentence imitation questions we usually train are this kind of sentence pattern, which should be easy to master. For example, at the beginning, "Honesty is like the first ray of sunshine in spring, which makes people yearn for and accept it humbly;" Such as a piece of watermelon in summer, contained in the mouth, sweet in the heart; Such as a flaming maple leaf floating in autumn, causing infinite concern; Just like snowflakes flying all over the sky in winter, they are always so pure. " The beginning here metaphorically plays up the role of "sincerity" from many aspects, which not only touches the readers' heartstrings, but also achieves the purpose of praise, which is conducive to the development of the following.
6. Quote poetry.
In the face of the written topic, if you find that there are many poems suitable for the topic accumulated at ordinary times, you may wish to quote them. It is best to form a parallelism, which can not only create overwhelming momentum, but also show the author's broader knowledge. For example, "Who has never lived or died since ancient times, keeping the heart of Dan to take care of people" is Wen Tianxiang's choice, and "I laugh at the sky and leave two Kunlun mountains" is Tan Sitong's choice, "I would rather starve to death, too. I find the choices so rich. With the vicissitudes and magnificence of the five mountains, they shouted in an eternal voice:' They want more than the living, so they don't want what they want. "The poem list shows the fearless choices of Wen Tianxiang, Tan Sitong and Zhu Ziqing, paving the way for summarizing their respective choices below.
The method at the beginning is easy to master, but to write brilliantly, you need to work hard, practice more and temper more. At the same time, you must pay attention to the following points: 1, to the point, show the genre characteristics from the whole article, which is not suitable for simple mechanical imitation. 2, concise and natural, short and pithy, concise and lively, not wordy. 3, to attract readers, intended to carve and display.
The beginning of an argumentative essay
First, the main points of writing
Writing for exams is also a race against time. According to a survey of some candidates in the middle school attached to the National People's Congress, the average writing time of candidates is only about 40 minutes. It is not easy to finish a composition of nearly a thousand words in this time! For some candidates, if you don't start writing slowly as usual, then you can't guarantee to finish your composition in time, even if you have a good article in your stomach, what's the use?
To prepare for writing, we must race against time, "write a thousand words, rely on horses, etc." On the premise of correct examination and conception, we should write quickly, and time does not allow us to think about how to start before writing. Therefore, in order to quickly choose the most suitable exam, it is very necessary to learn some good entry methods.
What kind of start is a good start?
In Yuan Dynasty, Qiao Mengfu said that the beginning of an article should be like a "phoenix head". This sentence vividly States two characteristics that a good beginning should have-short, beautiful and brief, which is convenient for readers to understand the argument or topic, so as to grasp the main idea of the full text; Beautiful, can attract readers. As Xie Zhen in the Ming Dynasty said, "At the beginning of a sentence, it sounds like firecrackers." How crisp and neat firecrackers are! Don't procrastinate, procrastinate. Firecrackers are very attractive and attract people's attention at once, so a good article should start like this.
So, what are the criteria for a good start?
First of all, be clear.
A good beginning, let the reader know what you want to say at once, that is, let the reader know your argument or topic. Bai Juyi said that "the first sentence is aimed at its purpose", and he advocated that the beginning should be clear. Li Tu said in "The Essence of Articles", "It is best to start a sentence with a word." In short, let readers know what you are talking about and know its intention from the beginning.
Second, be beautiful.
Only beauty can attract readers. The beauty at the beginning of the article mainly refers to the beauty of skills, such as setting suspense, using allusions, quoting famous sayings, asking questions, highlighting goals and rebounding. Formal beauty is the guarantee of content beauty, and the two complement each other. Never underestimate the role of formal beauty and technical beauty at the beginning of an article.
Third, simplicity.
Simplicity is the guarantee of clarity. Some candidates are too verbose to repeat the raw materials when writing material compositions. There are two ways: one is to "summarize" raw materials; The other is to select representative sentences from raw materials to let readers know what raw materials generally mean, and never quote more raw materials.
Here, I will introduce some good opening methods. The ancients said "rules first, then cleverness", and some opening methods might as well be mastered gradually in application. In the later writing practice, "the cleverness of application is the unity of mind".
In order to facilitate memory, it is condensed into eight words and then rhymes. These eight words are:
Shun, reverse; Quote, metaphor; Interpretation, proportion; Ask and remember.
The following are briefly explained respectively.
(1) Shun
Put forward a point directly.
Example 1:
Yumin primary school held a swimming training class, which used scientific theory to guide students to swim, and achieved remarkable results, which once again proved that theory is of guiding significance to practice.
Example 2:
Today, 60 years ago, it was the indomitable national spirit of the Chinese nation that inspired all the people of China to fight against the Japanese aggressors with one heart and one mind. Today, 60 years later, it is the national spirit of the Chinese nation that inspires us to stride forward on the road of "four modernizations" and stand on our own feet in the world. Therefore, I loudly shout: we should vigorously carry forward the national spirit!
Example 3:
My six-year study and life in middle school has given me many valuable experiences and profound lessons, one of which is: after failure, you must not be afraid of failure, face up to failure and make unremitting efforts, so as to turn defeat into victory.
The advantages of this kind of beginning are concise, simple, easy to master and clear at the beginning.
(2) Inverse
Say the other person first, and then suddenly turn the tables and show the positive theory.
Example 1:
We often say: "Practice is the only criterion for testing truth." That's true. But we can't ignore the guiding role of theory in practice. Without scientific and correct theory as guidance, our actions will be blind and cannot be called practice.
Example 2:
Balzac, the master of art, once used "meanness" to describe a person like Grandet with whom the world did not want to "get attached".
However, there is still a kind of person in life who is called "miser" and is not understood, and it is this person who has made a change.
For example, Mr. Mao Dun, a master of Chinese studies, is a typical "stingy to himself", that is, "generous to others".
Example 3:
The little girl's phrase "there are thorns under every flower" made me lost in thought.
Yes, "every flower has a thorn." Life is incomparable, flower of life. But there are troubles all the time in life, just like thorns under flowers. But isn't it a good thing to have thorns? For flowers, thorns are their protectors, which enables them to protect themselves from the outside world. For people, suffering is the teacher of life, and only by working hard can there be sweetness.
The advantage of this startup method is that it can be ingenious and avoid deviation.
(3) Introduction
Quote a famous saying.
Example 1:
The great teacher Lenin once said, "Without revolutionary theory, there would be no revolutionary movement."
When it comes to the modern history of China, this is true.
Example 2:
"I ended my life with a coffee spoon." This is a famous saying in the early poems of American poet Eliot. It is appropriate to describe the viciousness of some habits. Some habits are actually long-standing inertia, no less than people's opium.
Example 3:
Zhu Zeng, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Song Dynasty, said in a poem: "Open a square pond of half an acre, and the sky and the clouds will wander together. How can the canal be so clear and have running water? " Zhu talked about his reading experience. He brought a book, and the author's views and ideas were clear at a glance, which was called "so clear". The author keeps reading, thinking and exploring at ordinary times, which can be called "flowing water"
Everything is like this.
……
The advantage of this way of opening is to strengthen the authority of the discussion and take the lead.
(4) Metaphor
Start with a metaphor.
Example 1:
A bird needs a pair of wings to fly in the blue sky; Practice needs the guidance of theory to play its great role. Theory is the wing of practice.
Yumin Primary School held a swimming training class. After a year of training, it is a good example to win the team championship in a swimming competition for primary school students in a county.
Without the wings of theory, practice cannot fly.
Example 2:
On the vast sea, a ship is breaking the wind and waves. Destination: The other side. What should I do to keep my compass?
The journey of life is unknown. How to pursue the goal of life without losing the guidance of theory, especially scientific theory.
Example 3:
Bricks and tiles are insignificant, but a thousand bricks and ten thousand tiles can build a magnificent socialist building. One tree is tiny, and thousands of trees make a forest, which can change the climatic conditions such as smoking, wind and sand fixation, and beautifying the environment. So, I thought of changing the social atmosphere.
The advantages of this way of opening are: using images to help reason, vivid and attractive.
(5) explanation
Explain the meaning of the topic, break the topic and lead to the orthodox theory.
Example 1:
The word "habit" is well known. From individuals, families and villages to nations and countries, they all have their own habits. Habit leads to habit, and habit leads to nature. Of course, there is nothing wrong with the principles of nature. If we doubt or even deny the principles of nature, then nature will be denounced as "heresy". Confined to the established rules, I am silent and dare not go beyond the "forbidden zone", so I will not innovate or forge ahead for hundreds of years and thousands of years.
Example 2:
Habit is a behavioral feature or tendency formed over time.
China people have many habits, both behavioral habits and ideological habits. For example, we used to supply non-staple food on this basis, in order to prevent things from rising in price, in order to raise wages and promote seniority, and in order to produce goods according to the instructions issued by the leaders. ...
Example 3:
"It is easier to destroy trees than to plant them" gives people philosophical enlightenment. It is difficult to plant trees. Only by selecting good tree species and cultivating them hard can we grow into towering trees. However, it is very easy for tree destroyers to break branches at will, making them unable to grow normally, or giving them a fatal knife on the trunk. Even if you don't die, you have to go through several spring rains to regain your vitality.
The advantage of this way of opening is to understand the concept, dig its deep meaning and clarify the direction of discussion.