The laws of individual physical and mental development are sequence, stage, imbalance, complementarity and difference.

1. Sequence

1. Specific manifestations: Sequence means that the physical and mental development of human beings is a continuous development process from low to high, from simple to complex, from quantitative change to qualitative change.

2. Keywords: from ... to ...; From … to …; First ... then ...

3. Teaching enlightenment: step by step.

4. As the old saying goes, you can't learn quickly. Yingke is backward; If you do chores without being inferior, you will be chaotic and not repaired; Give it without paying attention to the festival.

2. Stages

1. Specific manifestations: Stages refer to individuals showing different overall characteristics and main contradictions in their physical and mental development at different ages and facing different development tasks.

2. Key words: primary school stage, middle school stage, childhood, adolescence and adolescence.

3. Teaching enlightenment: education should be targeted, carried out in stages, and attention should be paid to the connection and transition between stages; No one-size-fits-all or one-pot cooking.

4. Wrong way: primary education for early childhood; Adult primary education.

3. Imbalance

1. Specific manifestations: Imbalance is mainly manifested in two aspects. First, it refers to the uneven development speed of individuals in different periods (different speeds in the same aspect); Second, the development of different aspects of individuals in different periods is not synchronized (different aspects are not synchronized).

that is, some aspects have reached a higher level of development at an earlier age, while others have to reach a more mature level at a later age.

2. keywords: critical period, rapid development period and peak period of development.

3. Teaching enlightenment: Grasp the critical period, teach at the right time and teach in time.

4. Famous sayings: The story of a wolf child; Learning after time is hard, but it is hard to succeed; After this village, there is no such shop.

5. Critical period: Austrian biologist Lorenz put forward the word critical period through the experiment of duckling recognizing mother. Critical period refers to the period when a certain function develops fastest and is most suitable for formation.

IV. Complementarity

1. Specific manifestations: Complementarity is manifested in two aspects. One is the complementarity between the body and the body, that is, after a certain function of the body is lost, it can be compensated by the sensitive or super-strong development of other functions; The second is the complementarity of body and mind, that is, the body is defective, but it has strong willpower to overcome difficulties.

2. Keywords: defects of physiological function.

3. Teaching enlightenment: Education should combine students' reality, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, pay attention to discovering students' own advantages and promote students' individualized development.

4. Famous sayings: foster strengths and avoid weaknesses; Being good saves loss.

V. Differences

1. Specific manifestations: differences are manifested in two aspects: one is group differences, such as differences in personality between men and women; Second, individual differences, such as the differences in interests, hobbies, intelligence level and age between individuals.

2. Keywords: difference, difference.

3. Teaching enlightenment: Education should teach students in accordance with their aptitude, give full play to the potential and positive factors of each student, and carry out targeted teaching so that each student can get the greatest development.

4, famous saying: a key opens a lock; The right medicine; Tailor-made; Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.