1) What is the difference between the functions of "law" in Material 1 and Material 2? Combining Material 2 and the knowledge you have learned, do you think "Roman Law" has been "restored" in the modern world

What are the reasons for "and regain prestige"? (6 points) (2) Based on material three, summarize Liang Qichao's views? (3 points)

(3) Combined with the knowledge learned, explain why Liang Qichao emphasized "the law" "The public weapon of the world"? (4 points)

(4) Material 4 points out that the 22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that came into effect in 1951 clearly stipulates the presidential term.

What is the direct reason that led to the establishment of this constitutional amendment in the United States? (4 points) Answer (17 points)

Answer

(1) Material 1 : A tool for the monarch to rule his subjects; (1 point)

Material 2: Regulating economic relations (business relations). (1 point)

Reason: Roman law paid attention to the mediation of economic and civil disputes such as trade and property, and the legal procedures were rigorous; Roman law included the legal concepts of equality and justice for all; in modern times The development of a capitalist economy requires a legal system to safeguard the interests of the bourgeoisie. (4 points, other explanations are acceptable, such as the darkness and depression of feudal society in the European Middle Ages, the promotion of the Renaissance movement, etc.)

(2) Legislative power should belong to the people; the laws established should be maintained The rights and interests of all; the law has supreme authority. (3 points)

(3) The national crisis is profound; the development of national capitalism and the power of the national bourgeoisie; the introduction of Western capitalist ideas;

The bourgeoisie opposes the monarchy and pursues Political equality (the pursuit of a constitutional monarchy) and the pursuit of reform reforms. (Any 2-point answer is worth 4 points)

(4) The previous U.S. Constitution did not provide specific provisions on the presidential term. Under the special historical conditions of World War II,

Roosevelt served four terms as president. In order to prevent latecomers from damaging or affecting the implementation and development of the democratic system, after the war, the United States formulated the 22nd Amendment to the Constitution, which clearly stipulates the presidential term. (4 points) Analyze this question to examine ancient and modern thoughts on the rule of law. (1) In Han Feizi’s view, law is a tool for the king to rule his subjects; in Roman law, law embodies the law of commodity production and can adjust business relations. Recall the principles of Roman law to answer the second question. (2) Analyze from the perspectives of the ownership of legal rights in the materials and the significance of the law. (3) Analyze from the perspectives of the national crisis at that time, the initial development of capitalism, the growth of the national bourgeoisie, the spread of Western ideas, and the pursuit of democracy by the bourgeoisie. (4) There are clear regulations on the presidential term to prevent someone from undermining the democratic system. Contact the knowledge answer such as President Roosevelt’s term.