Zhang Sanfeng, a famous Taoist priest in Yuan and Ming Dynasties, was born and died in an unknown year. It is said that his birth date spanned the Southern Song Dynasty, Mengyuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty (Tong Ming, also known as "Junbao"), whose real name was Xuan, the founder of Taiji Chuan. Through textual research, it is found that Zichong spent seven years in the Southern Song Dynasty (Zhang Sanfeng 1247). According to another record, Yuan Dingzong was born in Wang Ping County (now Jiangtun Town, Heishan County) in Yizhou, Liaodong for three years (1248), and Zhang Zhenren's former residence is also near Lianhua Lake. During the Yongle reign of Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty, Wudang Mountain was overhauled, and the "Yuzhen Palace" was specially built for Zhang Sanfeng. Ming Yingzong Tianshun for three years (1459) was named Tongwei Jieshi. In all kinds of biographies about Zhang Sanfeng or materials about him, there are many names such as Quanmi, Santuo, Sanfeng, Sanfeng's Old, Tong, Xuanyi, Jubao, Kunyang, Baohe Tolerance Sanfengzi, Lalu, Dirty Zhang and Taixian. In Baoji Mountain, there are three peaks, which are quite beautiful and pleasant, so they are called Sanfengzi. Some people mistakenly call it "Zhang Sanfeng" because the word "Feng" is isomorphic with the simplified word "Feng". His birth and place of birth are disputed. It is generally believed that he was a Taoist in Wudang Mountain at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. Or be a real person in Quan Yi. According to Taoist speculation, its active period was from Yuanyou (13 14 ~ 1320) to the 15th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (14 17). Legend has it that it is magnificent, with big ears and round eyes, and must be as high as a halberd. Whether it's hot or cold, it's just wilting. You can eat a meal, for a few days, or for months. Swimming is endless. When he lived in Jintai Temple, Baoji, he came back from the dead. Taoism calls it "an outing in Yang Shen". In the Ming Dynasty, he called himself "Dayuan old man". When it is hidden, it is unpredictable. In the twenty-four years of Hongwu (139 1), the court could not find it. During the Yongle period, Chengzu always sent envoys to visit. Tianshun three years (1459), Zhao slightly showed his true self. Zhang Sanfeng believes that there are only two religions, good and evil. The so-called Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism are only different from their founders. In fact, "Muny, Confucius, and the old are all called Tao", and "cultivating oneself and benefiting others are also called Tao", which is also called "one yin and one yang are called Tao. One monk practices the Tao of Yin and Yang, and one yin, one yang and one life are enough." The Doctrine of the Mean says: Taoism is called monasticism. All the saints of the three religions established their religion by this way. "He also believes:" Metaphysics takes merit as the body, and then it can become immortal. " Later generations compiled The Complete Works of Mr. Zhang Sanfeng. Income collected Taoist scriptures. According to Mr. Li's textual research in the genealogy and origin of Taiji in ancient and modern times, Sanfeng died in the second year of Tianshun in Ming Dynasty, namely 1458, with a life span of 2 12 years. From a large number of data analysis, it is confirmed that Zhang Sanfeng's annual examination of birth and death is indeed at the age of 2 12. It is also rare, rare in history, so it makes people sit up and take notice. When Zhang Sanfeng went back to his hometown to visit the grave, he was over one hundred years old. After returning to Yanjing, all my old friends died. Xishan met Taoist Tai Wei and told him that Tai Wei was a noble scholar he met in his early years. After that, he returned to Qin Shu, visited wuyue in Jingchu, lived in Jinling and spread to Shen Wansan. After that, he still entered Qin and lived in Jintai Temple. In the 19th year of Zhang Sanfeng Statue [1], when Zhang Sanfeng left Jinling, he predicted that Shen Wansan would be sent to the frontier, so he told him, "East and West will meet in the southwest in the future." /kloc-On September 20th, 0/9, Yang Shen went on a trip. Disciple Yang Guishan thought he had feathered and put a coffin in it, which was suitable for Yang Shen to return. Sanfeng saw the simple and kind mountain and took it away. Two years later, the Yuan Dynasty was exhausted, but the democratic leader was not established, and Wudang Mountain was built in Zhang Sanfeng. He was 120 years old at that time. Searching for Range Rover in Wudang, I found that all temples in the mountain were destroyed by fire, which means "this mountain will prosper in the future". Then he led the Taoist priests to clean up the ruins of the temple one by one and created a temple landscape to prolong the incense. Qiu, Lu, Liu, Yang Shancheng, Zhou Zhende, Sun Biyun and others. Zhang Shouqing also wants to intersect with Sanfeng and become a Taoist friend. During the seventeenth and eighteenth years of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang invited Sanfeng to Beijing twice, but both avoided it. In the 23rd year of Hongwu, Zhang Sanfeng once again left Wudang to travel. In the 25th year of Hongwu, Zhang Sanfeng fled to Yunnan. At this time, Shen Wansan was found guilty of offending Zhu Yuanzhang and sent to Yunnan. I met Zhang Sanfeng in Yunnan, and I should meet him in the southwest in the future. Zhang Sanfeng then Shen Wansan Tianyuan took a big medicine, so the husband and wife had to eat it during the day. At the beginning of Yongle, Judy ordered Bachelor Hu Guang to visit Sanfeng. Unexpectedly, Hu Guang met Sanfeng in Wudang without knowing it. In the ten years of Yongle, Judy mobilized more than 30 military and civilian craftsmen. Ten years later, he built eight palaces, two temples, thirty-six security halls and seventy-two rock temples. Sanfeng was among them at that time, and Judy sent people to visit them many times. According to Zhang Sanfeng Biography, it is said that in the spring of 14 18, Emperor Yongle specially drove to visit Zhang Sanfeng, but Sanfeng was away, so he came in and was disappointed. Emperor Yongle flew into a rage and ordered a man named Hu Guang to find Zhang Sanfeng. If he can't find him, Hu Guang will be put to death. In the 14th year of Yongle, Judy angered Hu Guang for not finding Sanfeng. Hu Guang visited Wudang again and prayed there, hoping that Mr. Sanfeng would read his sincerity and return to Beijing to see Sanfeng. At this time, Sanfeng was 167 years old. Legend has it that Zhang Sanfeng was invited by the great master to attend the Fairy Tour, and he was driving a cloud. After Wudang, he sensed Hu's prayer and fell down in front of him and said, "Go back to Beijing to see the coachman. Just say I'll go. Don't worry. " Hu Guang rode back to Beijing. I arrived in Beijing on New Year's Eve, but I know that Mr. Sanfeng was received by Jin Dian Yongle Club earlier than before. This is the saying that "the Golden Temple is soaring". At this time, Sanfeng was 169 years old. At that time, there was a legend that Zhang Sanfeng could fly into the palace and escape, which was not credible. But one thing is true. Zhang Sanfeng once wrote a letter, and Biyun, the descendant of your brother, specifically told Emperor Yongle that they would live a long life. Because the emperor wants to live a long life very much, which is almost common sense. Wudang Mountain in Zhang Sanfeng is like the early years of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty. Mr. Wang Mengjiu once met Sanfeng real people to show his teachings. At this time, Sanfeng should be over 70 years old. In Volume II of Nanzhao County Records in the 11th year of Qing Qianlong, it is recorded that there is a stone tablet of Zhang Sanfeng's hometown in Kouzi River, Taishanmiao Township, nanzhao county, and there is a Cao An site behind it. 19 17 years, a stone tablet "Zhang Sanfeng lived here for the first time and became a treasure hall" was erected here. (from Yizhou, Liaodong) With the name of Zhang Sanfeng making a lot of noise, Ming Chengzu gave him three titles. That is, Ming Yingzong gave him the title of "revealing reality through micro"; Ming Xianzong is famous for "keeping a low profile and pursuing true immortals"; Ming Shizong named him "a wonderful and true gentleman". According to historical records, the turtle-shaped crane in Zhang Sanfeng has big ears and round eyes, so it must have a high halberd. He only wears clothes when it is cold and hot, and wears clothes in rain and snow. During the period of 1258, the largest Buddhist-Taoist debate broke out in China. Mongolian Khan Mengge personally presided over the debate, and Fuxi, an elder of Songshan Shaolin Temple, and Zhang Zhijing, a Taoist priest of Quanzhen Sect, led teams to participate in the debate respectively, resulting in a disastrous defeat of Taoism. Since then, Taoism has gradually declined. But a century later, Zhang Sanfeng founded a new Taoist school-Sanfeng School in Wudang Mountain, which set off the last wave in the history of Taoist development in China and became the founder of Wudang Wushu. The meaning of the name "Sanfeng" President Zhang said: "In ancient times, there was more than one person named Sanfeng, and most of them were Taoist priests. Anyone who knows Taoist thought knows that "Three Represents Yang" is dry divination, while "wind" means that the middle road is interrupted by a vertical line, and the dry divination becomes Kun divination, which represents Yin, so "Three Abundances" represents the unity of dry divination and Kun, and the change of Yin and Yang. So monks like to use this number. " The editor personally experienced Zhang Sanfeng and Zhang Sanfeng talking about metaphysics, and it was Qiu Zhenren who made him resolutely become a monk. When he was old, the secret spread in Zhongnanshan made him realize the truth about the fire dragon, and then Zhang Sanfeng learned from Chen Tuan, the ancestor of Huashan Sleeping Fairy. The last few words of Song of the Dragon say: "Heaven spread the sleeping method to the South China, and the learning of the South China can be continued, and the sloppy Taoist Zhang." He also called Chen Tuan "the bodhi old zu" and Mr. huo long "my teacher" in The Secret of Taiji Alchemy, and claimed that Huo Long was not famous because he despised the floating name, so he didn't even leave his surname, leaving only a quatrain for later generations and died. Its quatrains say: "The road number is even connected with Zheng Huolong, and its name is hidden in vain. Since the third harvest, I have returned to Penglai weak Water East. " Later, Li Xiyue, a Taoist priest in the Qing Dynasty who worshipped Zhang Sanfeng as a teacher, classified Sanfeng School as a hidden immortal school represented by Chen Tuan, and arranged its inheritance order as follows: "Ma Yi passed on Yi Xi, Yi Xi passed on the fire dragon, and the fire dragon passed on Sanfeng." But one thing is certain, that is, Zhang Sanfeng did inherit the theory of the integration of the three religions and the thought of inner alchemy since Chen Tuan. It is true that the confluence of the three religions has been a powerful trend since the Tang Dynasty, but the three religions have never stopped attacking each other. In the Yuan Dynasty, Confucian scholars talked about three religions, saying that Buddha is gold, fairy is white jade, and Confucianism is food. They pointed out that although precious jade is very expensive, there is not much without it, and society cannot live without food for a day. Behind this metaphor that regards Buddhism and Taoism as treasures, there is a derogatory view of Buddhism and Taoism. Zhang Sanfeng advocated the theory of the unity of the three religions, which actually defended Taoism and excused "heresy". He only admits that there are good and evil, but denies that there are three religions, but the founders are different. He said that Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism all preach, and their social functions are "self-cultivation and benefiting the people". "Confucianism can't be Confucianism, Buddhism can't become a Buddha without this, and immortals can't become immortals without this." Confucianism "walks in the discipline of Taoism" and Buddhism "realizes the world" although its teachings are biased, it also has good deeds. Taoism "hides Taoism and measures people", just like Confucius. Confucian self-cultivation, immortal cultivation. Zhang Sanfeng linked the two, taking the cultivation of human nature as the basis for refining the immortal way, and emphasized that no matter how noble or humble, virtuous or foolish, old or young, as long as you are virtuous, kind, compassionate, loyal and sincere, it is all about human nature, not far from the immortal way. He skillfully combined the Taoist thought of internal refining with the Confucian moral theory, saying: "If people can correct their body and mind, they will really concentrate on it, and great virtue will be born from this." Zhang Sanfeng equated the benevolence advocated by Confucianism with the lead-mercury painting of Taoist alchemy, saying that "the lead-mercury of the immortal family is the seed of benevolence". There, the fire, water and soil of Jin Mu's Yin-Yang and Five Elements family, the benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom in the five virtues of Confucianism, and the liver, lung, heart, spleen and kidney in the five meridians of the human body correspond one by one. He said in "Five Virtues": "Benevolence belongs to wood and liver; Righteousness belongs to golden lung; Ceremony belongs to fire, and the heart is also; Wisdom belongs to water and kidney; Believe in the soil, the spleen is also. " There are five virtues in the heart, five classics in the body, and five elements in heaven and earth, all of which are indispensable. If there is no benevolence in the heart, there will be no idea of raising, and the liver will be dead, while the wood will dry up; People without expedient measures have no lungs, and gold is dull; Rude people will have no bright color, sincerity will be extinct, and the fire will be extinguished; Without a wise man, there is no clear meaning. His kidney is extinct, and the water is faint and dry. An unbeliever will not feel like making friends. His spleen has been destroyed and collapsed. Therefore, it is said that "morality is about the body, the body is about the heart, the heart is about the morality, the body is the heart, and the heart is the body. The five virtues are the five classics, the morality is lost, the morality is achieved, and the body is achieved. Then you can tutor the five elements of heaven and earth. " Zhang Sanfeng and Zhang Sanfeng, the personal achievements of this editor, have rich works, such as On the Avenue, Enigma and Enigma, which were later collected and accumulated into a collection. This is the complete works of Mr. Zhang Sanfeng that have been handed down to this day. Many of these chapters are highly praised by Taoist believers in later generations, saying that his "On the Avenue" exhausted the way of returning to the truth in life and revealed the principle of sages and immortals. However, Zhang Sanfeng's masterpiece should be called "Rootless Tree". For thousands of years, Taoist theory has been mysterious and obscure, which can not be widely accepted by the society, thus hindering the in-depth spread of Taoism. Zhang Sanfeng used the genre of lyrics and buzzwords to turn the metaphysical theory of fixed truth into a well-known lyric "rootless tree". This rootless tree is composed of 24 songs, which includes all Zhang Sanfeng's theories and methods of truth determination. As long as you know his rootless tree carefully, you will open Xuan Tong Road and step into Xiandaomen, just as he said in his self-titled rootless tree words, "You should know Xuan Tong Road and play with flowers under rootless trees."