A brief discussion on the cultivation of students’ humanistic qualities in the teaching of ancient poetry

[Content summary] This article discusses the cultivation of students’ humanistic qualities in the teaching of ancient Chinese poetry in primary schools. It mainly starts from the following points: 1. Musical music chants, enhances accumulation, and cultivates students' aesthetic ability; 2. Elaborates words and sentences, cultivates comprehension, and enhances students' understanding ability; 3. Use the form of painting to cultivate students' ability to appreciate paintings and paint; 4. Expand thinking and cultivate students' ability to appreciate paintings. imagination ability; 5. Use multimedia to enrich students’ geographical knowledge.

[Keywords] Ancient poetry teaching, humanistic qualities, reading aloud, insights

Our country is an ancient civilization with a splendid culture of five thousand years. In the five thousand years of civilization history, ancient poetry and prose are the essence of Chinese national culture and the crystallization of the Chinese nation’s humanistic spirit. The humanistic spirit plays a very important role in infecting students' emotions, edifying their personality, developing their habits, and improving their Chinese literacy.

So, how to cultivate students’ humanistic qualities in the process of reciting ancient poems? The "Chinese Curriculum Standards" points out: Cultivate students' noble moral sentiments and healthy aesthetic tastes, and form correct values ????and positive attitudes. Attitudes towards life are an important part of Chinese education and should not be regarded as external additional tasks. We should pay attention to edification and influence, and integrate these contents into the daily teaching process. ?Obviously, in Chinese teaching, the basic way to cultivate humanistic qualities is to "permeate through the daily teaching process", and the basic method is to "influence, influence and exert a subtle influence on".

1. Use music to chant and enhance accumulation to cultivate students' aesthetic ability

As the saying goes: "Read a book a hundred times, and its meaning will explain itself." ?, ?I don’t tire of reading ancient books hundreds of times. If I read them carefully, I will know myself. ?These sentences are perfect for the study of ancient poetry. In order to improve students' humanistic qualities when reciting ancient poems and essays, teachers must provide students with as many opportunities for reading practice as possible, so that students can perceive the whole, cultivate their sense of language, and be influenced by emotions through a large number of reading practices. Reciting is a widely popular and recognized effective method for reading ancient poetry, that is, using ups and downs of tone to rhythmically read out the unique charm of the works. As a method of learning and appreciation, chanting still has a positive effect on students' understanding and inheritance of excellent culture and improving their reading and writing abilities.

Therefore, in our recitation activities, we regard "recitation as the basis, without asking for deeper explanations" as a guiding ideology for carrying out recitation activities of Chinese classics and ancient poems. ?Reading is the basis, not asking for deep understanding?? When students receive classic education, in the process of contact with the outstanding cultural achievements of mankind, through repeated reading, they can be subtly influenced by it, so that excellent poems and essays can be instilled in their young minds. They constantly ruminate and ferment in their souls, making it the source of their high vision and perfect personality throughout their lives, thereby improving students' humanistic qualities.

There are many methods of reciting, such as rhythmic reading, poetry and painting, rhythmic reading, lyrics and singing according to music scores, and speed reading. Students can choose the method they like according to their own characteristics. Just remember it. Of course, you must ensure time for reciting ancient poems, recite them all the time, and memorize them every day. This is the prerequisite for ensuring the quality of reciting and accumulating a lot. In practice, our school has put forward the slogan "Read ancient poems every day, ten minutes in the morning and evening", and has carried out "four-a-day" ancient poetry reading activities. That is, there is a reading class once a week, an activity class once a month, a poetry competition once a semester, and an ancient poetry reading festival once a year.

A large number of recitations enrich the students’ language accumulation and enable them to absorb the nutrition of ancient languages. Although some content is difficult to understand at the moment, it also provides language materials for students' rumination and comprehension in the future.

Especially through a large number of repeated recitations, students can realize the "gentle and honest" language characteristics of ancient poems and essays, and gradually internalize the noble ethics, healthy aesthetic taste, correct values ??and positive attitude towards life in ancient poems and essays. It improves students' humanistic qualities and enriches their cultural heritage.

While reciting, we should also pay attention to cultivating students' aesthetic ability. Aesthetic ability mainly uses beautiful images to mobilize students' childlike innocence, childishness, personality, hobbies and other psychological functions, so as to move people with beauty and emotion. Ancient poetry, as a form of literature, is a reflection of real life in the minds of writers. It reflects social life in a highly concise and concentrated manner and embodies the beauty of human society. Therefore, we can introduce music into the classroom in the teaching of ancient poetry, allowing students to sing repeatedly in cheerful, beautiful or exciting melodies, bringing students into the artistic conception of poetry to appreciate the beauty of life, nature, and beauty reflected in the works. Emotional beauty, artistic beauty, and language beauty are all influenced by beautiful poetry and educated by beauty.

For example, in Du Fu's poem "Walking Alone by the River Looking for Flowers", Huang Si's natal family is full of flowers, with thousands of flowers hanging low on the branches. The butterfly dances with nostalgia, and the oriole crows at ease. It describes the scene of brilliant spring and is full of strong interest in life. The flowers all over the road, the flying butterflies, the melodious chirping of orioles, coupled with the brisk minor tunes of national music, allow students to chant and appreciate with their eyes closed, so that students and poets can feel the visual and auditory benefits of spring together. Infinite beauty.

Li Bai’s famous saying: "The stream flows down three thousand feet, it seems that the Milky Way has fallen into the sky", brings a majestic beauty to the students through the powerful music. Through the soundtrack, students can feel the beauty, let them have a resonance with the author, and experience the beauty contained in the poem in the resonance, thus gradually improving students' aesthetic ability.

2. Elaborate words and sentences and cultivate understanding to enhance students’ understanding ability

With the development of society, culture, which is one of the reflections of social characteristics, has also developed accordingly. Ancient poetry The meanings of some words in them are very different from today's, so it is necessary to repeatedly scrutinize them in the teaching of ancient poetry.

For example, the word "worth" in "A Visit to the Garden Is Not Worth It" makes students easily think that the author was going to visit the garden, but in the end he couldn't even enter the garden and only saw a branch of red apricot sticking out of the wall. This This trip to the park is not worth it. At this time, the teacher should guide and take the students' thinking a step further: It is indeed disappointing that the author cannot enter the garden, but what did he think of from the branch of red apricot sticking out of the wall? The student immediately answered, imagining everything The spring scenery of the garden conjures up a vibrant scene. The teacher then took advantage of the situation and pointed out that this was an unexpected gain the poet got from visiting the garden. Therefore, how would the poet feel? The students understood that it was not worth it and should be understood as not encountering it. Through such scrutiny, students' ability to understand ancient poetry has undoubtedly been improved.

The cultivation of humanistic qualities of middle school students in ancient poetry reading should be students’ personalized reading practice. In the reciting activities, we ask teachers not to use analysis to replace students' reciting, but to allow students to self-enlighten themselves in reciting and improve their humanistic qualities in self-enlightenment. Self-enlightenment is the key for students to acquire knowledge. This is like the relationship between internal and external factors. Although external factors are good, internal factors do not work, and external factors are in vain. Self-enlightenment is precisely the manifestation of internal factors working. Therefore, cultivating the ability of self-understanding is also an important way to motivate students to learn ancient poetry. Specifically, students are required to preview before class, because preview is the prerequisite for comprehension. By previewing the text, students can roughly understand the author's views and emotions. , to obtain preliminary communication with the author, during which teachers should guide and encourage students to raise their own opinions and questions. As the saying goes: "It is better to listen to a thousand songs than to play one." More time should be left for students to "talk" in the classroom, so that they can further understand the various life philosophies, life concepts, and life experiences contained in ancient poems and essays. , in order to solve the questions during preview more clearly.

Mr. Ye Shengtao said: "The teaching material is nothing more than an example." We are simply using this example to let students understand the author's skills in selecting materials, propositions, ideas, and assembly of materials. Then we can appreciate the humanistic spirit contained in it and guide students to write and behave. Ancient poems and essays that have been handed down for thousands of years are just such models.