The Ten Analects of Confucius

The first to ninth are quotations, and the tenth are dialogues. The ten chapters compiled here are selected from "Xueer", "Weizheng", "Liren", "Shuer", "Taibo", "Zihan" and "Wei Linggong".

1. Confucius said: "Learning and practicing it over time, isn't it also said (yuè)? Isn't it a joy to have friends coming from afar? Isn't it a gentleman if a person doesn't know and is stunned?" ( "Xue Er")

Confucius said: "Isn't it also very happy to study and review on time? Isn't it also very happy to have like-minded people coming from afar? Others don't understand me, but I don't Aren't you also a morally cultivated person if you are angry? "

Understanding of this paragraph:

The first sentence talks about learning methods. Regarding knowledge, "learning" is just a cognitive process, and "learning" is a consolidation process. If you want to obtain more knowledge, "learning" and "learning" must be unified.

The second sentence talks about the fun of learning. Visits by like-minded people can enhance friendship, learn from each other, and improve together.

The third sentence talks about attitude. "People don't know", with the object "zhi" omitted after it, it can be translated as "I" or "myself"

2. Zengzi said: "I will examine myself three times (xǐng): I will be unfaithful for others." "Is it true that you don't trust your friends?" ("Xue Er")

Zeng Zi said: "I reflect on myself many times every day: Do I do my best when doing things for others?" Are friends sincere and honest? Have you reviewed the knowledge taught by the teacher? "

3. Master said: "You can become a teacher by reviewing the past and learning the new." ("Wei Zheng")

Confucius said: "Reviewing the knowledge you have learned can gain new insights and experiences, and you can become a teacher with this."

4. Confucius said: "Learning If you don’t think, you will be in vain (wǎng); if you think without learning, you will be in danger (dài)” ("Wei Zheng")

Confucius said: "If you just study without thinking, you will feel confused and at a loss. Just thinking without learning will lead to doubts and nothing gained. ”

This paragraph talks about the dialectical relationship between learning and thinking, and believes that the two cannot be neglected.

5. Confucius said: "You know it by teaching your daughter (rǔ)! Knowing it means knowing it, and not knowing it means not knowing it. This is knowing (zhì)." ("Wei Zheng")

Understanding of this paragraph : Confucius said this to mean that you should be cautious in your words and deeds, and do not exaggerate your knowledge and abilities. Be honest and humble, don't pretend to understand.

6. Confucius said: "When you see the virtuous, you should think about them. When you see the unworthy, you should introspect yourself (xǐng)." ("Li Ren")

Confucius said: "When you see the talented, When you see an unworthy person (a person with both moral integrity and talent), you learn from him and hope to be like him; when you see an unworthy person, you reflect on whether you have the same shortcomings as him and want to correct them. ”

Ben. Duan understands: Learn from everyone and pay attention to learning anytime and anywhere. Learn with an open mind, learn from others, and learn from each other's strengths.

7. Confucius said: "When three people walk together, they must have my teacher. Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones." ("Shu Er")

Confucius said: "When several people are walking together, there must be someone who can be my teacher. I must choose their strengths to learn from. If I see their shortcomings, I must reflect on whether I have the same shortcomings as them. If so, We must correct it together."

8. Zengzi said: "A scholar cannot be ambitious, and the road ahead is long. Isn't it important to be benevolent? Isn't it too far to die?" ("Taibo")

Zengzi said: "An ambitious person must have a broad mind and a firm will, because he shoulders a great mission (or responsibility) and the journey is long.

Isn’t it important to regard the realization of the ideal of ‘benevolence’ as one’s own mission? It doesn't stop until death. Isn't this also very far away? ”

9. Confucius said: “When the year is cold, you will know that the pines and cypresses will wither. " ("Zihan (hǎn)")

Confucius said: "It is not until the coldest season of the year that we know that the pines and cypresses (bǎi) are the last to lose their leaves. " Profound meaning: If people want to withstand the test of time, they also use pine and cypress as a metaphor to talk about people should have a perseverance character!

Understanding of this paragraph: This paragraph uses the withering of pine and cypress as a metaphor for a kind of perseverance, unyielding, The social phenomenon of not following the trend, maintaining integrity, and perseverance.

10. Zigong asked: "Is there anyone who can say something that can be carried out throughout his life?" Confucius said: "How can I forgive you?" Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you. " ("Gong Linggong of Wei")

Zigong asked: "Is there one word that can be practiced throughout life?" Confucius said: "That is probably the word 'forgiveness'! Don't force things on others that you don't like. "

Comment on this paragraph: "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" means don't do to others what you don't want to do to others. It has positive significance in today's social moral cultivation and has become a Warning maxims.

Notes one by one

The first is learning methods and personal cultivation, inspiring people to love learning and strengthening self-discipline.

The second is learning. Methods, talking about the inheritance and innovation of knowledge.

The third is learning methods, emphasizing the necessity of review for knowledge.

The fourth is learning attitude, emphasizing the need for learning and thinking. Combining them, it clarifies the dialectical relationship between "learning" and "thinking".

The fifth is learning attitude, which discusses the value of being smart and eager to learn and being open-minded to ask for advice.

The fifth is learning attitude. The sixth is learning methods, correct learning attitude, and improve ideological cultivation.

The seventh is learning methods and personal cultivation, emphasizing that you should be open-minded to others no matter where you are. Study, and at the same time have a correct attitude towards learning.

The eighth is personal cultivation, emphasizing that ambition requires perseverance.

The ninth is personal cultivation, emphasizing that. To withstand the test of time

The tenth is personal cultivation, emphasizing the need to learn to think from others' perspective.

There are three categories: learning methods, learning attitudes, and individuals. Cultivation.

"The Analects of Confucius" is a selection of ten quotations from "The Analects" about learning methods, learning attitudes and self-cultivation. These ten quotations are all aphorisms, each of which expresses something. It contains profound principles, is not only rich in content, but also has unique writing, neat sentence structure, harmonious tone, and is very smooth and contagious.

Chen Taiqiu and Youqi warned people to be honest in their affairs. , A person must be upright. It is similar to the Ten Principles of the Analects about making friends. ) are not used to it?” are similar, I think the answer is this.