Hermeneutics, also known as hermeneutics, is a philosophical technique for interpreting and understanding texts. It has also been described as a theory of interpretation and understanding a text in terms of the text itself.

The collective name for philosophical systems, methodologies or technical rules related to issues such as meaning, understanding and interpretation in Western philosophy, religion, history, linguistics, psychology, sociology and literary theory. The study of hermeneutics can be traced back to ancient Greece. As a philosophical school, it was formed in the 20th century and had a great influence on Western academic circles after the Second World War.

"Hermeneutics" has been the problem of how to understand the meaning of divination, myths, and fables as early as the ancient civilization of mankind. Aristotle's teachings in ancient Greek times already dealt with issues of understanding and explanation. The root of the word "hermeneutics" comes from the ancient Greek word hermes, which means "message from God." At that time, people regarded the study of how to convert obscure divine thoughts into understandable language as a science. In the Middle Ages, philosophers such as A. Augustine and Cassion gradually systematized the scattered research on interpretation issues in the past when they provided new interpretations of religious doctrines. Martin Luther, the religious reformer in the 16th century, raised the issue of principles and methods for directly understanding the text of the Bible, which played a major role in promoting the study of hermeneutics. In addition, hermeneutic issues have always been involved in traditional studies such as law, history, and language rhetoric. The word "hermeneutics" first appeared in the work of J. Danhauser in 1954. But before the 18th century, the study of how to correctly understand literary content was often called "hermeneutics." This type of research is often based on practicality and is actually a collection of scattered interpretation rules.

Yize "Hermeneutics", "Hermeneutics", "Hermeneutics". Broadly refers to the theory or philosophy of understanding and explaining the meaning of text. It involves issues such as philosophy, linguistics, literature, philology, history, religion, art, mythology, anthropology, culture, sociology, law, etc., reflecting the mutual exchanges and exchanges between various disciplines in the field of contemporary humanities research. The trend of penetration and integration. It is not only a marginal subject and a new research method, but also a philosophical trend. In the narrow sense, it refers to branches and schools such as local hermeneutics, general hermeneutics, and philosophical hermeneutics. Local hermeneutics generally refers to any theoretical system of rules and methods of text interpretation (including laws, Bibles, literature, dreams and other forms of text interpretation throughout the ages. Starting from the ancient Greeks' interpretation of Homer's epics and other poems. Europe Classical scholars have a tradition of annotating ancient documents. In the late Middle Ages, "classical exegesis" on the interpretation of biblical texts and legal provisions and philology of textual research on ancient classics were formed. - General methodology research. It is different from various local forms of hermeneutics, and its purpose is to establish a general and universal methodology based on a coherent understanding of philosophy. The representative figures are Schleiermacher, Dilthey and Italian philosophers. Emilio Betti. In response to Gadamer's "Truth and Method", Emilio Betti published "Hermeneutics as a Universal Method of the Spiritual Sciences" and "Universal Interpretation as a Method of the Human Sciences" (1967) The two books attempt to establish a universal "understanding" method based on examining explanation models in multiple disciplines and define a set of explanation standards. Philosophical hermeneutics generally refers to the study of various levels and situations of phenomena of understanding and explanation. It is not a methodology, but a philosophical "reflection" on methodology, on the role of ideology in understanding, and on the scope and assumptions of different forms of explanation. Philosophical hermeneutics comes in two forms;

(1) Analytical hermeneutics. It involves issues such as understanding and interpretation, thinking machines, and everyday language. Although it also involves methodology, it is mainly of a philosophical nature.

(2) Humanistic philosophical hermeneutics. Its representative figures include Heidegger, Gadamer, Ricoeur and Derrida. They reflect on the conditions of this article's explanation based on the tradition of phenomenology and its criticism of objective knowledge.

Drawing on Heidegger's critical study of the existential-theological tradition, Gadamer and Derrida seek to understand interpretation in the concrete context of metaphysical problems.

Ricoeur, unlike the first two, tried to reconcile the German hermeneutic tradition with linguistic analytic philosophy, psychoanalysis, and structuralist trends of thought, believing that body theory only exists in the methodology of explanation. And only through the "conflict" between interpretations can the existence of the explained be known.