1. What classic books do you recommend?
Notre Dame de Paris is a novel by French writer victor hugo, which was first published on June 4th, 183 1+ 1. Among Hugo's many works, Notre Dame de Paris occupies a very important position in the list of world famous works. It established Hugo's lofty position as a world novelist. In the book, the author describes the lowest people in Paris, vagrants and beggars with great sympathy. They are ragged and rude, but they have virtues far superior to the so-called educated civilized world: mutual assistance and friendship, integrity and courage, and self-sacrifice
Second, childhood.
Childhood is the first of three autobiographical novels written by Maxim Gorky, a writer of the former Soviet Union, based on his own experience (the other two are On Earth and My University). It was Gorky who took his childhood as the material and was finally selected into the world famous books list. It expresses the joy of childhood and the hardships of life through thinking and feeling with the innocent eyes of children. For example, he always remembers a little frog buried alive in the grave when his father was buried. He often meditates under the starry sky on summer nights and reads Andersen's fairy tales, from which he gets surprises and enlightenment from time to time, and so on.
Third, red and black.
Red and Black is not only one of the top ten masterpieces in the world, but also has a greater status. Red and Black is an immortal monument of French and even European literature in the19th century. There are heroic love stories and struggles in Red and Black, which reveal the magnificent class struggle, political darkness, fisherman's heart and bourgeois greed at that time. It can be said that the connotation of this book is extremely profound, and it is a masterpiece that makes people fall into deep thinking after reading it.
Four. War and Peace
Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828 ~ 19 10) and 19 are the greatest Russian writers at the end of the 20th century and one of the most outstanding writers in world literature. This book tells the story of war stories in Russia and France in 18 12. The war was fierce, but after several battles, Russia finally won and ushered in peace.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) david copperfield
In this autobiographical novel, Dickens used "David's own history and experience" to review and summarize his life path from some aspects, showing his attitude towards life and moral ideals. The vivid and colorful life pictures displayed in the works have distinct and profound characteristics of the times.
6. les Miserables
Les Miserables is a novel published by French writer victor hugo in 1862, covering the Napoleonic Wars and the following ten years. The main line of the story revolves around the personal experience of the protagonist JeanValjean, a prisoner in Toulon, which combines French history, revolution, war, moral philosophy, law, justice and religious belief. This work has been adapted and interpreted into film and television works many times.
Wuthering heights
Wuthering Heights is the work of emily bronte, one of the Bronte sisters, a British female writer, and one of the representative works of English literature in the19th century. Wuthering Heights has been regarded as "the strangest novel" and a "mysterious book" in English literature since its publication. The reason is that it violates the sentimental sentiment that is common in contemporary works. It is replaced by deep sadness and melancholy, strong love and violent hatred, and it is replaced by deep sadness and melancholy by ruthless revenge. It is like a strange lyric poem, with rich imagination and surging emotions between the lines, and it has shocking artistic power.
Eight, Anna karenin
Anna karenin pushed critical realism to its peak in19th century, and people regarded Anna karenin as a textbook of Russian reality in19th century. It is through it that many people understand the social reality of Russia in the 1970s. This is where the later democratic revolutionaries in Russia began to attack society. Lenin, the leader of Russian revolution, read Anna karenin repeatedly, so that the cover was wrinkled.
Nine, "John Christophe"
Author romain rolland was born in Clancy, France on 1866. The novel describes the protagonist's struggling life, from the awakening of musical talent in childhood, to the contempt and resistance to powerful people in youth, to the pursuit and success of career in adulthood, and finally to the lofty realm of spiritual peace.
X. Gone with the Wind
Gone with the Wind is a romantic novel written by Margaret Mitchell, an American woman writer, which reflects the American Civil War. This enduring novel touched countless readers. Has been made into movies many times. This movie is also called Gone with the Wind. The work interprets a touching love story in poetic language through magnificent war scenes and delicate and realistic characters.
2. What classic books are recommended?
Kong Qiu's The Analects of Confucius has the old adage that "Half of the Analects of Confucius governs the world". The Analects of Confucius is a collection of words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and it is called the Bible of China people. This textbook, which has been read by China people for thousands of years, contains China's ancient political thoughts and ways of governing the country, and is a key for us to understand the ancient society of China. Because the Analects of Confucius has a close relationship with China culture for thousands of years, thinkers of past dynasties have interpreted and exerted it countless times, so the cultural value contained in the Analects of Confucius has greatly exceeded the original connotation of the book.
Darwin's Origin of Species
1859165438+1October 24th, which is a very extraordinary day in London, England. On this day, many Londoners flocked to a bookstore to buy a newly published book. The first edition of this book, 1250 copies, was sold out on the day of publication.
This sensational new book is The Origin of Species, which is the first masterpiece of Darwin, the founder of evolution. The publication of this book, for the first time, established biology on a complete scientific basis, and introduced the theories of "creationism" and "species invariance" with a brand-new idea of biological evolution.
A General History of the World by Stavri Anoos
This book is the most important work of Stavri and Anoos. It is divided into two volumes, the world before 1500 and the world after 1500. The author adopts a brand-new historical viewpoint and method, regards the whole world as an inseparable organic unity, examines the emergence and development of human civilization in various regions of the world from a global perspective rather than a national or regional perspective, focuses on human historical events and their mutual relations and interactions, and tries to reflect the opposition and interaction between the local and the whole. The book is new in information and covers a wide range, involving not only politics and economy, but also military affairs, culture, education, religion, science and technology. , and absorbed the new achievements in various fields of world history research in the past 20 years, which is quite novel and realistic to read. Therefore, this book was translated into many languages as soon as it came out in the mid-20th century, and was well received.
Sima Qian's Historical Records
Historical Records is China's first biographical general history, written by Sima Qian, a writer and historian of the Han Dynasty. This is a record with extensive materials and exquisite materials. Among them, the sources of information are classics and archives; There are official records and folk word of mouth; With written materials and physical evidence, the book contains hundreds of books, covering thousands of generations, and is an immortal masterpiece in the field of literature and history.
Sun Wu's Art of War
Sun Tzu's Art of War is also called Sun Tzu, Sun Tzu's Art of War, Wu Sun Tzu's Art of War and Sun Wu's Art of War. , an ancient art of war in China, was written by Sun Wu (word evergreen), a native of Qi at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. It is the oldest existing art of war in the world and has always been valued by military strategists. It is generally believed that The Art of War was written between Zhuan Xu's thorn and Sun Wuzai's meeting with the prince of Wu in three years, that is, from 5 15 to 5 12 years, with thirteen articles in total, which was a gift for Sun Wuzai's first meeting with the prince of Wu. See Sima Qian's Historical Records: "Sun Tzu's soldiers, Qi people, also used the art of war to see He Lv, the king of Wu. He said, "I have read chapter 13. "./kloc-0 bamboo slips of Sun Tzu's Art of War and Sun Bin's Art of War were unearthed on June 7th, 974.
Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which was produced in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, is an early historical romance novel of China. No novel has had such a great and profound impact on a country's social life and customs. At the same time, with the cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has also spread overseas, translated into dozens of languages such as Korea, Vietnam, Japan, Britain, France, Germany and Russia, and spread all over the world. Russian sinologists praised the book as "a masterpiece that really enriched human nature". French scholars believe that "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is the most important historical novel". In the hero-worshipping American society, people praised The Romance of the Three Kingdoms as a masterpiece describing the heroic achievements in the early days. The British academic circles unanimously recommended The Romance of the Three Kingdoms as an "epic work" ... With the passage of time, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has further expanded its influence with its unparalleled rich connotation.
Clausewitz's On War
Clausewitz is a Prussian military theorist and the founder of modern western military theory. During the period of 1566 ~ 18 15, he studied more than 30 war cases, summed up the experience of several wars, and on this basis, he wrote a military theoretical work "On War" with a huge system and rich contents.
Non-military people may not have systematically read On War, but I believe most people are familiar with the famous saying "Military is the continuation of political relations", which comes from On War. On War is the crystallization of clausewitz's observation, research and analysis of war. It is not only a military theoretical work, but also a philosophical work. It is regarded as a classic of modern western military theory and has played an important role in the formation and development of modern western military thought.
Shi Naian and Luo Guanzhong's Water Margin
Outlaws of the Marsh is a milestone in the development of China vernacular literature, and a sign that the vernacular literature with a history of hundreds of years has entered a mature stage. With Water Margin, China had his first successful vernacular novel. Looking at Water Margin, we will feel a rough and bold artistic atmosphere, just like the strong wind blowing from osawa, which makes people respect. It is a novel with clear tendency and huge scale, which is rare in the world novels and describes the people's anti-violence struggle.
Zeng Guofan's Letter Zeng Guofan's Letter
Zeng Guofan is an important historical figure in modern China, and he is known as the "First Minister" in the late Qing Dynasty. Later generations praised him as "eternal perfection". He purged the political style, advocated learning from the west, and initiated "Tongzhi Zhongxing", which delayed the Qing Dynasty, whose building was about to collapse, for another 60 years. His achievements are unparalleled, and his works and thoughts have also had a far-reaching impact, benefiting future generations.
Biography of Mao Zedong by the Central Literature Research Office
3. What classic books are recommended?
The Book of Mountains and Seas in the Pre-Qin Dynasty was anonymous —— the origin of China's ancient mythological novels —— Searching for the Gods —— Gan Bao in the Eastern Jin Dynasty —— the originator of China's strange novels in note style.
The Southern Dynasties' Stories about Liu Xinyu's Legacy —— A representative work of the Southern and Northern Dynasties' "Tales of Aspirations"
Du Guangting in the late tang dynasty and the five dynasties--creating a precedent for classical wuxia novels.
China's longest collection of classical novels & Liu Yun and others in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Yuan Guan Hanqing in Dou E Yuan —— The representative work of China's ancient tragedy
Wang Shifu in The West Chamber: A Realistic Masterpiece of China's Classical Drama
On the Wall Soon —— China's Ancient Classic Love Comedy
Autumn in the Han Palace: Ma Yuan Reaching Far: A Tragic Masterpiece of Realism in History.
Biography of Talented Scholars in Tang Dynasty —— A Collection of Poets' Biographies in Tang and Five Dynasties
Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms in the Late Yuan Dynasty and the Early Ming Dynasty —— The pioneering work of China's Zhang Hui historical novel
Shi Naian, The Water Margin in the Late Yuan Dynasty and Early Ming Dynasty —— A model of China's ancient heroic legendary novels.
The Journey to the West and Wu Cheng'en: Colorful Romantic Myths
Peony Pavilion is a romantic masterpiece of China's traditional drama.
Chen in the Romance of the Gods-a fantasy novel.
4. What classic books are recommended?
Sun Wu, Sun Tzu's Art of War in the Spring and Autumn Period-the earliest extant Art of War and Guiguzi in the Spring and Autumn Period-is a wonderful book for studying the art of vertical and horizontal arrangement.
Sun Bin's Art of War Sun Bin in the Warring States Period-an outstanding figure in the Warring States War Books
A Monograph Embodying Legalist Military and Political Thought —— Shang Jun Shu Shang Yang
Liu Tao: Unknown Warring States-a precedent of military tactics.
The Warring States Policy Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty —— The most complete documentary of the political struggle in the Warring States Period
The Western Han Dynasty was unknown in Three Views, China's first strategy book.
The Five Classics of Tang Dynasty in Zhenguan Politician —— A political treatise reflecting "Zhenguan Governance"
Tang Law, Shang Tang, Sun Chang and Promise, etc. -The earliest and most complete criminal code in China.
Thirty-six Strategies, which was anonymous in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, is a masterpiece of strategists.
The reform theory monograph "Confucius' Reform Examination" which sensationalized the ideological circle in the late Qing Dynasty.