Main military commanders: Nurhachi, Chen Ce, Tong Zhongyan, Qin Minping, Qin Bangping, Qi Jin, Zhou Dunyi, etc. Later, Kim lost the battle.
Where did the bloody battle of Hunhe River take place?
A.D. 162 1, starting the first year tomorrow.
Nurhachi, who had been invincible since the Ming Dynasty, took advantage of Xiong Tingbi's departure from Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty and Governor Yuan Yingtai's misconduct, so he invaded Shenyang in March 2008 and then stormed on 13.
As the situation in Shenyang was dying, thousands of Zhongzhou Shizhu Tusi soldiers sent by Qin Liangyu, a famous lady in the late Ming Dynasty, were eager to try.
According to the Ming History, Qin Liangyu's troops were invincible after the battlefield, "under strict control", and his troops were called the White Guards, "fearful from far and near". At that time, Qin Liangyu sent his younger brother Qin Bangping to Liao with this powerful army. This Sichuan soldier is strong and able to fight and fight. He is equipped with a sword and a long-handled pointed bamboo spear unique to ethnic minorities in eastern Sichuan. He was covered with armor and a thick layer of cotton, so that knives and arrows could not penetrate. Fitness, high spirits.
In the first year of the Apocalypse (162 1), when Shenyang was captured by the late Jin Dynasty, an army composed of Sichuan and Zhejiang soldiers, led by company commanders Tong Zhongmai and Chen Ce, advanced into Hunhe River and attacked the late Jin Dynasty together with the Ming army in Shenyang.
Chen Ce heard that the city had been occupied and ordered the division to return. Guerrilla Zhou Dunji and others called for war many times. The generals said excitedly, "Our generation can't save Shen. What are these three years!"
So the Ming army soldiers are divided into two ways. Zhou Dunyi and Qin Bangping, deputy commander and commander of Sichuan Shizhu, crossed the river first and camped in the north of the bridge. Tong Zhongmai, Chen Ce, Jin Qi, deputy commander-in-chief, and Zhang, general of Zhejiang, camped in the south of the bridge.
The charge of the Eight Banners and Xiaoqi exceeded the edge of the Tusi soldiers in eastern Sichuan and failed several times. Although the number of these Tusi soldiers is less than that of the Eight Banners, they are not afraid of death and are well organized. They use strange weapons, with long knives on the top and iron rings on the bottom, which is unusual for the Ming army at ordinary times and makes the Eight Banners extremely unaccustomed. The elite Red Bajia army led by them retreated immediately after being defeated by fierce fighting, which shocked the Eight Banners!
After the cavalry was defeated, Nurhachi was anxious to "help the rear army", and the Sichuan soldiers were not afraid of life and death. According to the records of "The Whole Border Strategy" and "Listening to Records in the Mountains", the Tusi soldiers repelled the powerful riding onslaught of the Eight Banners. With the help of the powerful force of the Eight Banners who captured Shenyang and the resistance of the Sichuan infantry, thousands of people died under the crossbows, and the subsequent cavalry was also defeated.
Later, Xi Foxian, E Ertai and Grandet led by 8 Jin Jun were also killed.
But the Eight Banners Army, which has experienced many battles and harsh training, is also quite tenacious. Although the Tusi soldiers were very hungry and the Eight Banners were outnumbered, it was still difficult to tell the outcome.
Even the historical data of the Qing Dynasty later recorded: "The infantry of the Ming Dynasty are all elite soldiers, brave and good at fighting, and will not retreat. One of us and two guerrillas were captured. " "Sichuan military camp is very strong"
"The generals fought bravely, defeated the white pacesetter (that is, the white flag), defeated the yellow pacesetter (that is, the yellow flag), and killed two or three thousand people who fell off their horses." After being captured, Jin Yi joined the General and the Second Guerrilla.
Sichuan military camp is very strong, and Hou Jin's many attacks have failed. The Eight Banners "killed thousands of people with guns and crossbows", and Nurhachi was anxious to "help the rear army". Li Yongfang found the captured Ming gunner, untied him personally, and rewarded him with money to attack the Sichuan Army, all of which were broken.
After fierce confrontation, the Sichuan army was finally hungry and tired, and it was difficult to support. They were all wiped out. Zhou Dunyi, Qin Bangping, Garrison Lei and others all died in accidents. After fleeing from the northwest, Deng Qilong and Yuan took the bridge and fled to the west, and led the disabled soldiers into the Zhejiang camp to continue fighting.
Zhejiang soldiers were deployed five miles from Hunhe River. They set up chariots and cannons, dug trenches, camped, made fences out of straw, and coated them with mud. After the nomads from northern Sichuan, they quickly crossed the river and surrounded the Zhejiang soldiers several times.
At the height of a bloody battle on the North Shore, 3,000 Zhejiang soldiers led by Tong and Chen Ce on the South Shore also set up their guns five miles away from the Hunhe River and set up camp to fight.
Nurhachi was impressed by the strength of Sichuan soldiers, and repeatedly warned the Eight Banners soldiers who had just played badly not to underestimate their enemies, and deliberately emphasized that "all soldiers who return to Zhong are Sichuan soldiers" to alert their subordinates.
After that, the nomads from the army was able to concentrate on attacking the Zhejiang military camp. Chen Ce, Tong Zhongpei, Zhang, Qi Jin and other generals of the Ming Dynasty fought calmly, actively deployed their troops and fought to the death. The Ming army shot with firearms and killed each other. After the gunpowder was used up, the two armies began to hand-to-hand combat.
The fighting was extremely fierce. The infantry of the Ming army had no bows, arrows and sacks. They are armed with three-foot bamboo guns and waist knives, and they are all dressed in armor. They are covered with a thick layer of cotton, which cannot be penetrated by knives and arrows. As night fell, he fought against the post-nomadic people, and the outcome was not divided at one time. However, after the Jin reinforcements joined, the Ming army was defeated in Zhejiang Daying, and Chen Ce died.
After that, the nomads from the golden army went out on a large scale, and Tong Zhongyan perished with Qi Jin, Zhang Shiming, Du Siyuan, Stegosaurus and Deng Qilong. In the late Jin Dynasty, it successively fell to Jabbahai, Buha, Sun Zhaqin, Bayan, Yamubuli, Sirtai, Lange, Dunbudaha, Mubu and Luwange.
The company commanders Zhu Wanliang and Jiang Bi led more than 3,000 reinforcements to Baitapu and surrendered without fighting, just to sit tight. He sent 1000 soldiers as scouts, and met with Song Ya, the late Jin general. Song Ya escaped, and the Ming army fired a gun and chased him to the front of the Four Flags Camp on the left wing of Houjin. Nurhachi was furious when he got the report. When the post-nomad siege of Zhejiang military camp was extremely critical, Li Bingcheng, Zhu Wanliang and Jiang Bi, the general commanders of the Ming Dynasty, began to enter the former World War I, but were defeated by snipers.
Zhu Wanliang's Ming army retreated after a few battles, and was chased by Huang Taiji all the way, killing and injuring more than 3,000 people. Zhu himself later died in the battle of the old Liao Dynasty.
At this time, the Eight Banners Army and the Sichuan and Zhejiang soldiers, who had been fighting for a long time, were even. Commander Chen Ce and Tong sent messengers to Yuan Yingtai to kowtow for help.
Yuan has been terrified, but even after Kim sent troops, he refused to agree on the grounds that he could not turn the war around.
Hunhe bloody battle ended.
The two sides fought bloody battles until it was getting late, and the Eight Banners reinforcements went to the battlefield again! Seeing that the reinforcements were too late, Tong and the soldiers in the Ministry took pity on him and resolutely returned to the horse to kill Houjin Army. In the end, Chen Ce, Tong and his lieutenant Qi Jin, generals Yuan, Deng Qilong, Zhang, Zhang Dadou and other large and small distribution schools all defected and died tragically.
How to evaluate the bloody battle in Hunhe River?
The battle between the north and the south of the Hunhe River made the late Jin army, which easily defeated Shenyang, encounter unexpected enemies, and it was extremely difficult after repeated battles and defeats.
Later, Wei Yuan, a man of A Qing Dynasty, also expressed his feelings: "It was a battle, and the Ming Dynasty regarded more than 10,000 people as many people. Although I was at a loss, it was the first bloody battle since Liao Zuo's campaign. "
The Ming people were proud of it, and called it "noble spirit" and "salty and strong at that time" in Ming Xi General Record.
In particular, the heroic performance of Qin Liangyu's Tusi soldiers in East Sichuan in the face of several formidable enemies is admirable. Later, Zhang Zeng, the minister of the Ministry of War, commented on this battle: "The Hunhe River fought bloody battles, taking thousands of achievements, and the two chieftains, Shizhu and Youyang, made achievements." Most of the other Ming armies are brave and strong-willed, and few people are despised for fear of death.
This earth-shattering war also aroused great concern of Koreans at that time. Zheng Zhongxin, then the ambassador of Man Pu, said in the Report of the Li Dynasty that "the goodness of guarding the city is not as good as that of Qinghe and Tian, and not as good as that of Montenegro (that is, Hunhe)" is a record of the Li Dynasty. "Guang Navy Diary" later praised "Lu's casualties are also quite similar, and Lu is still chilling."
According to his own historical records, the Eight Banners and his men were really hit hard and suffered heavy casualties.
In particular, the most elite Red Army, White Flag Army and even Yellow Flag Army in Nurhachi were defeated by the powerful Sichuan Army.
Many generals of the Eight Banners Army were even captured alive by the Ming army in fierce fighting.
In order to stabilize the morale of the army and pray for the many dead in this battle, Nurhachi 16 also held a memorial service for the dead.
The generals who died in the Eight Banners were: Abahai, Buha, Sun Zhaqin, Bayan, Yambuli, Twelve Stations, Lange, Dumubu, Dahanbulu, Wang Ge and so on.
According to Mao Zu Juan 19, an old Manchu writer, Nurhachi was extremely disgusted with the defeat of the Eight Banners infantry on the north bank of Hunhe River by the Tusi soldiers in eastern Sichuan, pursued them, and removed General Bayintari and guerrilla Ilang A from their posts.
The main charge is "losing without fighting" when meeting with Sichuan soldiers, and criticizing Song Ya for "leading our ever-victorious army and losing its spirit with the wind".