1. Experience on life and health
“Health and life are topics that have attracted much attention at home and abroad. In peacetime, with the improvement of people’s living standards, the average population The standard life expectancy has increased significantly, from 55 years in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China to 73 years now.
As a medical worker, I personally understand that no matter society, the government, or we ordinary people, we are concerned about "health". There are still many misunderstandings in the concept, which will be discussed later. Both UNESCO and the World Health Organization have definitions of health.
Let’s start with the three aspects of health. Mental health, starting from childhood, most of the children in the city are only children, and the couples are very busy with work, so most of the children are taken care of by their mother-in-law or grandparents; this is especially true for left-behind children in rural areas.
Therefore, the relationship between children and their parents has weakened, and it will be difficult to communicate in the future. Nowadays, school education focuses most on students’ intelligence, the school’s admission rate, and whether students can go to good universities.
< p>In cities, there are various skills classes every weekend, such as art, martial arts, math Olympiad, composition, English, etc., and parents ask their children to follow their own wishes, regardless of their joys, sorrows, and joys. Isn't this completely wrong? .It’s just too much. The cultivation of children’s personality is ignored. Most children lack independent personality. This is an important reason why there are so many Yi Lao people born in the 80s and 90s.
< p> The "Ma Jiajue Incident" is also worthy of our reflection! Are adults mentally healthy? Look at the current problems of high work pressure, tense interpersonal relationships, and heavy family burdens, especially the prevalence of materialistic ideas in society. , the gap between the rich and the poor is becoming more prominent.People are becoming mentally unbalanced. Patients with depression, schizophrenia, neurasthenia, etc. are increasing.
How to maintain a balanced and optimistic attitude is very important. . China has entered an aging society, and the elderly face more health problems. Cancer, heart disease, and cerebrovascular diseases that currently rank at the top of the list are basically geriatric diseases and lifestyle diseases.
Many elderly people lack health knowledge. For example, suffering from high blood pressure is not a serious problem. As long as they take medicine for a long time, it can be relieved. However, it is too late for them to stop taking medicine as soon as their blood pressure drops. It's too late.
A few years ago, Shi Yuzhu made a living by selling moxa. Old people think that taking some health products can prevent all kinds of diseases, but it is the root of the problem!
A healthy lifestyle is the key for the elderly to stay away from diseases and live a long and healthy life. Therefore, health is our own business and we cannot leave this entirely to doctors.
It is up to us to prevent diseases. There is still a long way to go. As for the government and society, will the current implementation of the new medical reform basically solve the problem of difficulty and high cost of medical treatment for ordinary people?
Nowadays, a large number of high-quality medical resources are concentrated in large hospitals in big cities, and people rush to large hospitals in droves. Whether it's a cold or a tumor, we'll call you an expert.
Some specialist outpatient clinics see one or two hundred patients a day, with an average of one patient being seen in one or two minutes. Is the patient satisfied? Are experts tired? As a doctor, when I was earning a dead salary, I would perform more than a dozen surgeries a day without complaining and serve the people.
Nowadays, the relationship between doctors and patients is so tense. Although wages have increased, compared with monopolized industries such as banking, finance, telecommunications, and energy, how much money can be made by putting in so much work? How much compensation will be required if something goes wrong? One hundred thousand! Would you like to? Especially as a junior doctor, you have to write a lot of "Medical Eight-Part Questions". Therefore, the average life span of doctors is also very low. The average life span of the Chinese population is 71.8 years, which is at the level of moderately developed countries. However, as doctors who have mastered a lot of medical and health knowledge, the average life span is less than 60 years old.
How can it be that medical treatment is more expensive than medical treatment? So much money went there. Most of it goes to drug middlemen.
Without fundamentally changing the concept of health and fundamentally changing the system, the so-called "reform" is doomed to fail.
2. General knowledge lesson plan on life and health for the seventh grade, Volume 1
The essence of human nature is the intelligent movement of thinking and creation that constantly creates needs and constantly meets needs.
In order to facilitate the understanding of the nature of human nature, we can think about it from three aspects: natural human nature, economic human nature and social human nature that exist objectively: Natural human nature has the ability to automatically reflect the survival and development of life. The expression of the most basic needs, that is, the expression of the most basic needs for survival, growth, development, health, reproduction, etc. For natural human nature, there is no distinction between good and evil.
Economic human nature reflects that on the basis of satisfying the most basic needs, people have the ability to further pursue self-development, occupy more resources, and satisfy their own desires. Starting from Adam Smith, the concept of economic man has been a basic premise of economics, and its ideological content has become increasingly rich with the development of economics itself.
In modern economic theory, the idea of ??economic man mainly contains three propositions. First, economic man is self-interested, always pursuing his own interests and maximizing his own desires.
Second, economic man is rational, can correctly judge his own interests, and has the ability to learn and adapt to the environment, so that he can maximize his own interests. Third, as long as there are excellent laws and systems, the free actions of economic man to pursue the maximization of personal interests will unconsciously and effectively promote the interests of the public.
The concept of economic humanity is an extension of the concept of economic man. Economic human nature is based on self-interest, and all human nature starts from self-interest.
The human nature of society reflects the ability of people to satisfy their own needs while meeting the needs of others. Human beings are advanced animals capable of labor and creation developed on the basis of natural attributes.
Labor and creation give people social attributes. The concept of social humanity is an extension of the concept of human social attributes.
The human nature of society is mainly altruistic, and all human nature starts from the interests of others and may achieve mutual benefit. Therefore, analyzed from the above three aspects, the essence of human nature is actually a synthesis of natural human nature, economic human nature and social human nature. However, different people, or the same person at different times, have different characteristics in these three aspects. Human needs manifest themselves in varying degrees.
3. Essay on life and health for the seventh grade of junior high school
Life is small, like the golden sand in the sea; life is great, like Mount Tai There are tall and tall pines above.
Our parents have given us this wonderful thing called life. It is very precious and belongs to us only once. When we live in this world, we will encounter many hardships.
Some people fall in the face of suffering, and some people easily give up their lives in the face of suffering that is not considered suffering at all. At a discussion, a famous speaker strode onto the podium, holding a banknote high in his hand.
He faced the 200 people in the conference room and asked: "Does anyone want these 20 dollars?" One hand was raised. He continued: "I plan to give these 20 dollars to one of you, but before that, please allow me to do one thing.
" He crumpled the banknotes into a ball, and then Asked: "Who wants more?" Some people still raised their hands. He added, "Well, what if I do this?" He threw the bill to the ground, stepped on it again, and stepped on it.
Then he picked up the banknotes, which had become dirty and wrinkled. "Who wants it now?" Some people still raised their hands.
After reading this article, I have a deep feeling. No matter how the speaker treats the banknote, people still want it, because it has not lost its value because of being dirty or wrinkled, it still has value. Worth $20. On the road of life, we will be knocked down by failures or setbacks countless times.
However, we should believe that our lives, like these 20 dollars, will never lose value. We should regard our lives as priceless treasures and cherish them forever. In school, we often see such scenes. In the corridor, several students are running rampant without caring about the classmates around them; in front of the railing, some students stand on tiptoe or even climb the railing, looking down curiously; on the stairs , a classmate did not go downstairs, but sat on the handrail and slid down... Whenever I see such a scene, my heart jumps like a little rabbit.
Have these students ever thought about the consequences of such behavior? Once students running in the corridor collide, they often get bruises and bloody heads; once students on the railing fall, the consequences are tragic; if you slide down from the handrail, if you are not careful, you will fall and cause fractures. , Concussion... Human life is fragile. Once an accident occurs in life, it will leave permanent scars; once the sound body is lost, it will never be recovered. Our life is to cherish, to love, to love our family, our country, and this world. We must not give up our lives easily because of the slightest difficulty.
We only have one life and we should love it. Let yourself live more gloriously.
In every corner of the world, there are many people who love life and make themselves live more fulfilling, happy and joyful lives. But there are also some people who don't take life seriously and waste it in vain. The value of life seems to have become a pile of useless mud in their hands.
Aunt Zhang Haidi is a person who loves life. She was ill and had her leg amputated at a high position when she was five years old, so she never entered school.
But she used her tenacious perseverance to teach herself knowledge when she was a child. She taught herself primary school, middle school, and university courses, which is really admirable! When she was fifteen years old, she followed her parents to a poor mountain village. Instead of escaping the hard life here, she dedicated her youth with an optimistic spirit. There he taught primary school children, overcame various difficulties to learn medical knowledge, and enthusiastically treated the villagers. He was very loved and praised by the villagers.
Here, I thought of a famous saying: "I have always maintained the belief throughout my life that the meaning of life lies in giving, not in accepting, nor in fighting for." Aunt Zhang Haidi is here At that time, give and give with an unyielding and upward spirit.
Later, Aunt Zhang Haidi embarked on the path of literary creation. She overcame illness and difficulties with her tenacious perseverance, kept improving her creations, and fought for literature persistently. Through her hard work, she has been published He has written many works, and the one that impressed me the most was "Dream in a Wheelchair", which completely revealed the inner world of Aunt Zhang Haidi. So far, she has won many awards for literary creation. Aunt Zhang Haidi is a talented person who serves the society with her noble qualities.
But there are still people who don’t love life. Many middle school students in India have committed suicide, and each life is like raindrops rushing to heaven. There is only one reason for their suicide: study pressure and heavy burden! Didn't he just give up his life when he encountered a little difficulty?
Life is the most precious one among the stars, and it is also the one that shines the brightest. Life is precious, we should cherish life, love life, and let limited life shine with infinite value.
I can live happily every day because I am healthy; I am healthy because I exercise. Because I exercise, I am healthy.
Life is just a beginning for us. A good beginning means a good ending, so we cannot treat our beginning carelessly. Then get moving, build a healthy and happy self through exercise, feel everything worth being happy about during exercise, and let our lives become wonderful because of it! During exercise, we realize the value of life and feel the joy of life.
Youth is not eternal, but movement is. Sports have no age limit, no distinction of identity, status and race.
It is not as cruel as war, intertwined with blood and tears. It will give us health, give us happiness, and bring us the best things in the world.
Exercise can not only keep us healthy, but also exercise our thinking ability. Table tennis allows us to sharpen our thinking, volleyball, and basketball allow us to understand the importance of collective cooperation; mountain climbing allows us to understand the life philosophy of "it is easy to go down the mountain, but it is difficult to go up the mountain". All these sports are beneficial to us.
Sometimes life is like a basketball game. It requires the coordinated development of all aspects before you can feel the beauty of life. As long as you live a healthy life without thinking about working or studying, then life is just An empty shell who only thinks about study or work and ignores health is nothing more than a "dreamer" at best. So we should exercise more and let exercise help us achieve everything! born.
4. Junior high school life and health knowledge test questions
2009 life and health knowledge final exam paper class name score 1,\x09 fill in the blanks (30 points, 1.5 points for each blank ) 1. Common geological disasters include, and. 2. AIDS is an extremely dangerous infectious disease. The transmission routes of AIDS are, and. 3. AIDS is caused by viruses. The full name of AIDS is. 4. Environmental pollution seriously harms the Human health and the development of industry and agriculture have made the environmental pollution in today's society increasingly serious. Environmental pollution includes air pollution, , , etc. 5. It is the most important and wonderful organ in the human body. It is an extremely important sensory organ in the human body and is known as "Window of the soul". 6 Moderate pressure is good for our health, or life is not good for people's growth and physical and mental health. We must be good at transforming pressure into. 7. While fire threatens the safety of human property, it will also The tragedy that devours people and leads to the destruction of families and lives. The most commonly used fire-fighting equipment is. 8. Everyone should shape their best self and have dreams. , . 2. True or False Question (Tick "√" for true, "√" for wrong *”) (10 points, 2 points for each question) 1. When encountering an earthquake, we should run away immediately. ( ) 2. Unreasonable nutrition will lead to nutritional deficiencies. ( ) 3 The temperature is high in summer and it is easy to suffer from heat stroke. What we should do Do a good job of protection under high temperatures. ( ) 4. If life is not what you want it to be, you might as well just die and forget about it. ( ) 5. New and expensive medicines are both good medicines. ( ) 3. Multiple choice questions (10 points, each 2 points for a small question) ( ) 1. The blood, muscles, nerves, skin and hair of the human body are mainly composed of. A. Protein B, fat C, sugar D. water ( ) 2. The "cleaner" of the human body "It is A, water B, vitamin C, inorganic salt D, dietary fiber ( ) 3. Middle school students who are about to grow and develop have a large demand for calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc and other trace elements, especially A, iron B, Calcium C, phosphorus D, zinc ( ) 4. Which of the following ways of resting is not an active way of resting. A. Playing ball B. Singing C. Climbing D. Watching TV ( ) 5. How much time should teenagers sleep at least every day? A. 9-10 B. 7-8 C. 6-7 D. 10-11 2. \x09 Short answer questions (50 points) 1. \x09 What are the 5R strategies for facing pressure? (5 points) 2.\x09What kind of concept of honor and disgrace should our middle school students have? (10 points) 3.\x09How to escape when an earthquake occurs? (10 points) 5. Write a study experience of more than 200 words (25 points).
5. Summary of knowledge points from the second volume of seventh-grade biology published by the People's Education Press
Chapter 1 The Origin of Human Beings
1. The Origin and Evolution of Human Beings
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1. Darwin, the founder of the theory of evolution, proposed that the common ancestor of humans and modern great apes is forest apes 2. The evolutionary process of humans:
Reason: The forest has disappeared in large numbers, and arboreal apes have disappeared. In order to adapt to the environment and live underground, the forest apes, which lived mainly in the forest, gradually became able to walk upright, make and use tools, and finally evolved into humans.
2. Human Reproduction
1. Concept: The process of producing reproductive cells and reproducing new individuals is also the process of racial continuation. 2. Reproductive system
1) The structure and function of the male reproductive system:
Testicles: the main male sexual organ, which produces sperm and secretes male hormones
Epididymis: Located on the back of the testis, stores and transports *** Internal genitals
Vas deferens: transports ***
Seminal vesicles and prostate: secretes mucus
External Genital scrotum: protects the testicles and epididymis
*** and urethra: ejaculation and urination
2) Structure and function of the female reproductive system:
Ovary: The main female sexual organ, which produces eggs and secretes estrogen
Internal genital fallopian tube: transports egg cells and is the place for fertilization
Uterus: the place for embryonic development
** *: Menstrual flow, passage for fetal birth
External genitalia: vulva
3) ***, egg cells and fertilization
***: Male Germ cells, small, like tadpoles, with long tails, capable of swimming
Egg cells: female germ cells, spherical, the largest cells in the human body, the yolk in the cytoplasm provides nutrients for the early stages of embryonic development
Fertilization: The process by which *** combines with egg cells to form a fertilized egg. Place of fertilization: fallopian tube
6. Summary of biological knowledge in the second volume of seventh grade
Different versions have different contents! Biology Exam - Volume 2 for Grade 7 Knowledge Points 1. Exploring the changes of steamed buns in the mouth: 1. The biochemical conditions required in this exploration activity are (constant temperature 37 degrees for ten minutes) 2. When we eat, when we chew rice repeatedly, it will It feels sweet because part of the starch is decomposed into maltose under the action of (salivary amylase), and then is decomposed into (glucose) in the (small intestine) before it can be absorbed by the body.
3. The digestive juice that does not contain digestive enzymes is bile. 2. The digestion process of three major substances: salivary amylase, starch ---------- --Maltose- ----------Glucose (starts from the mouth) Enzyme Protein ---------------Amino acids (starts from the stomach) (Bile) Enzyme Fat --- -----Fat particles----Glycerin + fatty acids (only in the small intestine) 3. Absorption of nutrients and the main place of absorption------Small intestine 1. The small intestine is very long 2. Intestine There are many annular folds on the surface 3. There are many villi-like protrusions on the folds - small intestinal villi 4. Food safety knowledge, common unsafe foods 1. The concept of green food (pollution-free, safe, high-quality products) 2. When buying bagged food, you should look at: production date, shelf life, manufacturer, nutritional composition table, whether it contains additives, etc. 3. Common unsafe foods include: sprouted potatoes, brightly colored mushrooms, and Sudanese. Red food, food with pesticides 5. The structure of the heart 1. Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle 2. Be able to fill in pictures: See page 68 of the textbook -----The structure of each part of the heart and the connections between each chamber Blood vessels, valves, etc. 3. Function of the heart: Pump - is the driving force for blood circulation. The left ventricle pumps blood to (the whole body), and the right ventricle pumps blood to (the lungs). 4. The direction of blood flow in the heart is: Atrium ------ Ventricle ------ Arteries, cannot flow backwards 6. Structure and Function Concepts and Characteristics of Blood Vessels Distribution Arteries send blood away from the heart. They have thick walls and high elasticity. They have the fastest blood flow speed and are generally deeper than deep veins. The walls that return blood to the heart are thin, have little elasticity, and the blood flow rate is slow. They are generally shallow. The smallest arteries and veins connected by capillaries have thin walls and only one layer of epithelial cells. 7. The composition and functional components of blood: 90% water, There are also functions of glucose, amino acids, etc. Plasma functions: carry blood cells, transport nutrients and waste 1. Blood characteristics and functions Red blood cells are round cake-shaped with two concave sides, without nuclei, are the largest in number, transport oxygen, carbon dioxide, blood cells, and white blood cells are the largest in size, smallest in number, and have nucleation to phagocytose germs. Platelets are the smallest individual, irregular in shape, non-nucleated, hemostasis and accelerated coagulation. 2. Few red blood cells or too little hemoglobin content in red blood cells may lead to anemia, increased white blood cells, and inflammation. 8. Pathways of blood circulation Systemic circulation: Pathway: left ventricle --- Aorta - arteries at all levels - capillary network throughout the body - veins at all levels - superior and inferior vena cava - right atrium function: convert arterial blood into venous blood pulmonary circulation: pathways : Right ventricle ---- pulmonary artery ---- extra-alveolar capillary network ---- pulmonary veins --- left atrium function: convert venous blood into arterial blood 9. The processing effect of the respiratory tract on air: the nose is the part of the respiratory system Open end 1. Nose hairs have a (cleaning) effect on the air, the nasal mucosa has a (moistening) effect on the air, and the capillaries in the nasal mucosa have a (warming) effect on the air 2. (Lungs) are the place for gas exchange and are composed of ( 10. Blow into the clear lime water and the lime water becomes turbid, which proves that the exhaled gas contains more (carbon dioxide). 11. The structure and function of the kidney: it is composed of about one million nephrons; The kidneys are the place where urine is formed. 12. The formation process of urine 1. The filtration effect of glomerulus and renal capsule wall ------formation of original urine (excluding Blood cells and proteins) 2. Reabsorption of renal tubules --------------formation of urine (without glucose) 3. Schematic diagram of the formation process of urine filling (see page 82 of the book 13 , the components of the nervous system, neurons brain cerebellum central nervous system brainstem spinal cord 1. Nervous system cranial nerves --- 12 pairs of peripheral nervous system spinal nerves --- 31 pairs of cell bodies 2. neuron dendrites (neurons are nerves The basic unit of system structure and function) neurite axon 14. The basic method of neuromodulation is----Reflex Simple reflex---It is born, does not require the participation of the brain, relatively low-level 1. Reflex complex reflex- --It is formed after acquisition and requires the participation of the cerebral cortex. It is relatively advanced. 2. The reflex must be completed through the (reflex arc). The structure of the reflex arc is: (receptor), (afferent nerve), (nerve center), (efferent nerve) Nerve), (effector) 15. The structure of the eye and ear, the formation of vision and hearing 1. The curvature of the lens can be adjusted by the (ciliary body). It is equivalent to the (lens) of a camera. 2. The object is imaged on the (retina), because there are photoreceptor cells on it, and the image on the retina is (an inverted, reduced real image). 3. The aperture of the camera is equivalent to the eyeball ( Pupil), film is equivalent to (retina) 4. Vision formation: light ---- cornea --- pupil --- lens --- vitreous body --- retina - optic nerve - a certain area of ??the brain forms vision 5. Myopia is caused by The reason is that the curvature (of the lens) is too large or the front and back diameter of the eyeball is too long, causing the image to be in the (front) of the retina, and a (concave lens) should be worn to correct it.
6. The auditory receptors are located in the cochlea of ??the inner ear. 16. The origin of human beings Human beings originated from (forest apes), and (labor) played a decisive role in the evolution of forest apes into humans.
17. Humanity’s destructive activities on the biosphere: Teachers can dig out the topic of bad ecological phenomena by themselves. 18. Exploring the impact of acid rain and waste batteries 1. When exploring the impact of acid rain on living things, we use ( Vinegar) simulates acid rain and controls the pH at (4). When designing a control experiment, we used (normal rainwater) and (vinegar-simulated acid rain) controls.
2. Acid rain will change the nutrients in the soil, acidify lakes, rivers, and water sources, and directly harm the buds and leaves of plants. 3. Soil erosion, soil desertification, and sandstorms are the most prominent ecological problems in the western region.
In order to solve these problems, we have implemented (returning farmland to forests and grasslands) to improve the ecological environment.
7. Biological knowledge points for seventh graders
*Overview of the origin and evolution of humans. The common ancestor of humans and modern great apes is the forest ape.
Modern great apes include: gorillas, chimpanzees, gibbons and orangutans. Major events in human development and evolution include: walking upright - making and using tools - further development of the brain - the emergence of language.
Walking upright is the basis of evolutionary development. * Give examples of man’s impact on the biosphere. Indiscriminate deforestation of forests leads to soil erosion, sandstorms and other natural disasters. Excessive man-made wastewater discharge into the lake water causes algae and other phytoplankton in the lake water to grow wildly due to their rich nutrients. , affecting the life of other organisms in the water; emitting too much harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere can easily lead to the generation of acid rain, causing great harm to various organisms and buildings; too much carbon dioxide emissions can also It will lead to an increase in global temperatures and form a "greenhouse effect."
Solid waste and industrial wastewater containing tribute, silver, and cadmium can cause various diseases: water sickness, Itai-itai disease, etc. *Prepare an action plan to protect the local ecological environment*Outline the structure and function of the male reproductive system (complete the diagram on the right) Structure Function Structure Function Vas deferens delivery*** Epididymal storage and delivery*** Urinary tract discharge*** and urine testicles (yes The main male sexual organ) produces *** and secretes male hormones* Overview of the structure and function of the female reproductive system Structure and Function The ovary (is the main female sexual organ) produces egg cells and secretes estrogen The fallopian tube transports egg cells The place where the uterus, embryo and fetus develop** * *** Channel into and out of the fetus * Description of fertilization process *** The testicles produce *** and the ovaries produce eggs are germ cells.
The place where the egg is fertilized is the fallopian tube. *Describe the process of embryonic development. Development: the process of forming an embryo from a fertilized egg and growing into a sexually mature individual. 1. As the fertilized egg moves into the uterus, it continues to divide and develop into a blastocyst.
After moving into the uterus, it implants into the endometrium. This process is called pregnancy; 2. The place where the fetus and the mother exchange materials is the placenta. 3. At 40 weeks of pregnancy, the fetus is basically mature and excreted from the mother's vagina. This process is called delivery.
*Describe the developmental characteristics of puberty (1) sudden increase in height; (2) significant enhancement of functions of the nervous system and organs such as the heart and lungs; (3) rapid development and maturation of sexual organs, accompanied by some physiological phenomena . The sexual organs develop rapidly under the action of gonadotropins secreted by the pituitary gland. Boys experience spermatorrhea and girls experience menstruation. Under the action of sex hormones, secondary traits appear, such as Adam's apple in boys.
*Develop health care habits in adolescence. Nocturnal emissions are a normal phenomenon. "Essence will overflow when it is full." If there is too much sperm, it will be discharged.
During menstrual period, girls should pay attention to maintaining a good mentality, insisting on appropriate exercise, and paying attention to personal hygiene. Establish great ideals, carry out normal interpersonal interactions, and achieve self-respect and self-love.
*Name the main nutrients needed by the human body. Six major nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, inorganic salts, and vitamins. Fat: the main energy storage material in the human body. Fat-rich foods: peanuts, animal (vegetable) oils, fat meat, soybeans, etc. Sugar: the main energy supply material in the human body. Sugar-rich foods: sucrose, rice, Wheat, steamed bread, potatoes, sweet potatoes, etc. Protein: Provide raw materials for growth and development as well as repair and renewal of damaged cells. Protein-rich foods: milk, eggs, fish, meat, etc. Water: The main component of cells, accounting for about 60% of body weight. ﹪-70﹪.
Vitamins: The human body requires a small amount and cannot provide energy, but it is a substance that is essential for life activities. Types of inorganic salts Symptoms of deficiency Types of vitamins Symptoms of deficiency Food sources Inorganic salts containing calcium Rickets, osteoporosis Vitamin A Night blindness Liver, dairy products, fish, tomatoes, carrots and other inorganic salts containing phosphorus Anorexia, Anemia, myasthenia Vitamin B1 Neuritis, beriberi Inorganic salts containing iron such as brown rice, peanuts, lean meat, yeast and bayberry Iron deficiency anemia Vitamin C Scurvy Inorganic salts containing iodine such as fruits and vegetables Endemic goiter Vitamins D Rickets, osteoporosis, stunted growth of animal livers and inorganic salts containing zinc such as milk *Describe the components of the human digestive system The digestive system consists of the digestive tract and digestive glands.
1. The digestive tract from top to bottom is: (1) Mouth - chewing and grinding of food by teeth, mixing of food and saliva by tongue (2) Pharynx and esophagus - passage of food , has no digestive effect. (3) Stomach - through peristalsis, food and gastric juice are mixed and initially digested (4) Small intestine - the main place of digestion and absorption (the starting part of the small intestine is the duodenum) (5) Large intestine - food is mixed The residue is pushed to the *** (the starting part of the large intestine is the cecum) (6) *** 2. Digestive glands (1) Salivary glands - secrete saliva, and salivary amylase can initially digest starch (starch maltose) (2) Gastric glands - —Secret gastric juice, which can initially digest protein (3) Intestinal glands—secret intestinal juice, which can digest sugars, proteins, and fats (4) Pancreas—secret pancreatic juice, which can digest sugars, proteins, and fats (5) Liver—secret Bile, which does not contain digestive enzymes, emulsifies fat.
Note: The salivary glands, pancreas, and liver are located outside the digestive tract. The digestive juices secreted by the pancreas and liver are injected into the duodenum and come into contact with food. Gastric glands and intestinal glands are located within the digestive tract.
The liver is the largest digestive gland. *Overview of the process of food digestion and nutrient absorption 1. Food digestion Protein: Digestion begins in the stomach and is eventually digested into amino acids Sugars: Digestion begins in the mouth and is eventually digested into glucose Fat: Digestion begins in the small intestine and is eventually digested into glucose Digested into glycerol and fatty acids 2. Absorption The small intestine is the main organ for absorbing nutrients. The structural characteristics that determine this function are: 1) *** The intestine is generally 5-6 meters long and is the longest section of the digestive tract; 2) The small intestine There are many folds, and there are many villous protrusions on the folds - small intestinal villi, which greatly increase the absorption area of ??the small intestine.
After being absorbed, nutrients such as amino acids and glucose are absorbed by the capillaries in the inner wall and transported to the whole body. *Design a reasonable recipe. The energy for breakfast, lunch and dinner should account for 30%, 40% and 30% respectively.
Three meals should be on time. To reasonably supplement the five types of food necessary for the human body, it can be likened to a "balanced diet pagoda" * Pay attention to food safety. Before eating fruits and vegetables, you should soak, rinse, or peel them; when buying food, you should pay attention to check whether it is.
8. An essay on life and health
Life and health "Health and life are topics that have attracted much attention at home and abroad. In peacetime, with the improvement of people's living standards As a result, the average life expectancy of the population has increased significantly, from 55 years in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China to 73 years now.
As a medical worker, I personally feel that no matter it is society, the government or us. Ordinary people still have many misunderstandings about the concept of "health", which will be discussed later. Both UNESCO and the World Health Organization have definitions of health.
Health refers to three aspects: mental, physical and social adaptation. First, let’s talk about mental health. Starting from childhood, most of the children in cities are only children. The couples are very busy with work, so most of the children are taken care of by their grandparents or grandparents. This is especially true for left-behind children in rural areas. < /p>
As a result, the relationship between children and their parents has weakened, and it will be difficult to communicate in the future. Nowadays, school education focuses most on students’ intelligence, the school’s enrollment rate, and whether students can succeed.