the main functions of quotation marks are:
a. indicating quotation
b. indicating specific title
c. indicating special meaning needs to be emphasized
d. indicating negation and irony
quotation refers to quoting others' words in writing. Idioms, aphorisms, poems, etc. also include onomatopoeia and transliteration words. Specific appellations refer to names, abbreviations, special terms and anniversaries with certain characteristics. The words in the special meaning indicator have new meanings in their specific language environment.
when using a quotation, pay attention to the position of punctuation at the end of the quotation. Always use the quoted words independently, and put the dot at the end in quotation marks. If the quoted content is an integral part of a sentence, that is, the quotation has no independence, and there is no need to use a dot at the end of the quoted part (question mark and exclamation mark can be reserved), the whole sentence will pause at this pause, and what dot should be used?
quotation marks are an important punctuation mark, which includes quotation marks (indicated by "") and quotation marks (indicated by "").
the most basic usage of quotation marks is quotation. References include direct references and indirect references. Direct quotation is a complete record of what people say. There are three situations. For example:
1) Aunt Ya broke a few branches and threw them down, calling my nickname and saying: ① "Feed you first!" "
2) "Oh, it's beautiful!" The emperor said, "I am very satisfied!"
3) "Don't be afraid of anything! The beauty of the sea is here! " I said. ③
Description: Example 1) is the situation where the speaker is in the front and speaks in the back; Example 2) is the situation where the speaker is in the middle and everything he said before and after; Example 3) is the situation where the speaker is in the back and what he said before. Colons, commas and periods are used in the 12③ places in the above three examples, which are fixed collocations caused by quotation marks and cannot be changed.
indirect quotation is a quotation that puts someone's original words in his own words informally, incompletely and with the meaning. If this kind of quotation is not clearly explained, it is difficult to find that it is a quotation. For example,
4) Improving your life appropriately is not only "what do you care", but also natural and human.
5) Modern painter Xu Beihong's horse, as some critics have said, is "full of vitality with both form and spirit".
6) Zhang Jiazhen of the Tang Dynasty said that it was "made strangely, and people didn't know what it was doing".
from 4), 5) and 6), we can see that the period or comma with the callback should be placed after the callback. In contrast, direct quotation is a complete quotation of someone's original text, with a period or comma before the callback.
Generally speaking, quotation marks and quotation marks should be used in pairs, but there is an exception, that is, when quoting directly from paragraph to paragraph, the middle paragraph only uses quotation marks at the beginning of the paragraph, but there is no quotation mark at the end of the paragraph. For example, if someone says five paragraphs, the capital of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth paragraphs should be quoted, but the back quotation marks are not used at the end of the first, second, third and fourth paragraphs, and the back quotation marks are only used at the end of the fifth paragraph. In addition, when quotation marks are used inside quotation marks, double quotation marks are used outside and single quotation marks are used inside. For example,
7) I heard Mr. Hamel say to me, "Alas, it is the greatest misfortune of the Alsatians to put off studying until tomorrow. Now those guys have a reason to say to us:' What? You call yourself French, and you can't even speak or write your own language! ..... But, poor little French, it's not your fault alone. "
In addition to quoting, quotation marks also have the function of emphasis, for example:
8) Looking up from the foot of the mountain, I saw torches arranged in many zigzag shapes, all the way to the sky.
9) He said that there was something evil in his face, and he must have met a "beautiful snake".
In addition, quotation marks have the effect of irony, which is used to express irony and ridicule. For example,
1) They (referring to friendly people) tore off their masks of "civilization" by maintaining their "order".
The quotation marks in Example 1 show that the order is unreasonable, and civilization is self-promotion. In fact, it is not civilized at all. It is ironic and has the objective effect of ridicule.
quotation mark summary: 1: indicates the quoted part.
2: indicates a specific title or highlighted part.
3: Used for words with special meanings.
4: when quotation marks are used inside, double quotation marks are used outside and single quotation marks are used inside.
5: It means irony or negation.
There are three functions of quotation marks:
First, the part indicating the reference. The dialogue between the characters in the article or the direct quotation from other people's words (or articles) uses quotation marks in order to distinguish them from the author's own words. Such as
"Remember the revolution!" I remembered what he said before he died. Yes, remember the revolution! (Night Walking on the Grass)
Here are two "Remember the Revolution". The first one is quoted in quotation marks, which is a quote from the old Red Army. The second one, without quotation marks, is the determination to express "I".
second, express specific titles and parts that need to be highlighted. When some words in the article have special meanings, they are often marked with quotation marks.
Our "Big Dragonfly" has flown into the sky firmly. (Flying a kite) The quotation marks in the sentence
indicate that it is not a real big dragonfly, but a kite shaped like a dragonfly. Another example:
Silkworms are going up the hill. (Spring Silkworm)
The word "going up the mountain" here is quoted, indicating that it is a word with a specific meaning, especially when the silkworm climbs onto the straw pole and is ready to spin silk and form cocoons.
third, it means irony or negation. For example,
people can't lower their noble heads, and they only beg for "freedom" for fear of death. ("Two Poems of Revolutionary Martyrs")
The quotation marks here mean that the content expressed is denied, which means that this is not true freedom.