Yan Yuan (1635-1704), a thinker and educator in the early Qing Dynasty, was the founder of the Yan-Li School. The original name is Yizhi, the changed name is Hunran, and the name is Xizhai. He was a native of Beiyang Village, Boye County (now part of Hebei Province). He devoted his life to practicing medicine and teaching, and inherited and carried forward Confucius' educational thoughts, which advocated equal emphasis on practice, practical learning, practice, and application, that is, equal emphasis on moral education, intellectual education, and physical education. Zhiyong's talents lashed out at the Neo-Confucianists of the Song and Ming dynasties for their ideas of sitting in silence and meditating. His main works are "Si Cun Bian" and "Xi Zhai Ji Yu".

A collection of famous sayings by Yan Yuan:

If you are few desires, you will have a pure heart; if you are few contaminations, you will be a pure body; if you are few words, you will be a pure mouth.

The words of sages can guide the way. He didn't walk at the meeting, he only followed the words of the sages and sages, and walked easily. The number of words that guided the way increased with each generation, and the soldiers wandered around on the road, and they were rarely seen.

Teaching means nourishing, nourishing means teaching. Those who teach nourish, and those who nourish teach teach.

To achieve success through customs, don’t be good at recruiting people to be virtuous, and don’t pay more attention to the teachings of careful order.

Sorrow cannot be relieved by books, anger cannot be understood by books, and spirit cannot be weakened by books.

A gentleman is willing to wear bad clothes, eat rough food, and work hard. There is nothing wrong with this.

Talent is the foundation of political affairs, and schools are especially the foundation of talent.

If you start from a practical place in order to learn, you will never fail.

If the ambition is not true, the heart will not be warm, and if the heart is not warm, the work will not be strong.

If you wake up in your heart, say it with your mouth, or do it on paper, it will be useless if you don’t practice it on your own.

Excerpts from a collection of famous quotes by Gong Zizhen, a thinker and writer in the Qing Dynasty

Gong Zizhen’s famous quotes:

Falling red is not a heartless thing, it turns into spring mud to protect the flowers.

A handshake among thousands of people will make my sleeves fragrant for three years.

I urge God to cheer up and send talents of any kind.

It is not that you praise the king when you meet others, but you are also crazy, chivalrous and gentle. It shines on people's courage like the moon in the Qin Dynasty, and sends my love like clouds over the mountains.

Although the young man is also inferior to Tang and Wu, he is not inferior to Emperor Qin and Emperor Wu. Imagine that a hero is dying, where can he live without gentleness?

Tao Qian resembles the mighty Crouching Dragon, and the everlasting pines and chrysanthemums in Xunyang are tall. Mo Xin, a poet, is actually plain, two parts Liang Fu and one part coquettish.

I am worried about the north, south and east, and I am looking at the sea of ??talented people. When he was in his prime, he began to participate in the history of the Zhou Dynasty. In his later years, he unfortunately fell into the virtuous style of the Jin Dynasty. Only when you have achieved great success and become an immortal will you be filled with anger. If the Zen barrier is broken, the beauty will be like a jade sword or a rainbow.

Beautiful people can influence people's trust, and I should also be a feaster to be famous. To persuade you to lose with a smile is not to flatter the prince.

It is not that you praise the king when you meet others, but you are also crazy, chivalrous and gentle. It shines on people's courage like the moon in the Qin Dynasty, and sends my love like clouds over the mountains.

Let you talk about art and pens to enlighten the mind, and fight against the great Gaoyang wine and the spring of the country. Eliminate my grievances about the wind and snow in Guanshan, and shake hands with all the literati from the end of the world.

Duojun Yue Ya’s theory of numbers is close to the heart, and the connection between words is as deep as flesh and blood. There is no such thing as waving tears in front of the bottle, and the hero feels golden in his twilight years.

One flute and one sword settled the business, and he lived up to his reputation for fifteen years.

If you can’t conquer the heart, how can you conquer the poor? Excerpts from a complete collection of classic quotes by Wang Fuzhi, the most famous thinker in the world

Wang Fuzhi (1619-1692), courtesy name Ernong, alias Jiangzhai, Han nationality, Wang Yaping, south of Hengzhou Fucheng (now Yanyan City, Hengyang City) Peak District) people. One of the most famous thinkers, philosophers, historians, writers, and estheticians in the world. He is the spiritual source of Huxiang culture. Together with Hegel, he is known as the twin constellations of Eastern and Western philosophy. He is the master of Chinese simple materialism. The pioneer of Enlightenment thought, together with Huang Zongxi and Gu Yanwu, are known as the three major thinkers in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. In his later years, he lived in Shichuanshan, at the foot of Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue, and wrote books. He was called Mr. Chuanshan in his later generations. He wrote a lot of works throughout his life, among which "Du Tongjian Lun" and "Song Lun" are his representative works.

Zeng Guofan, an important minister in the late Qing Dynasty, highly praised Wang Chuanshan and his works. He published a large number of Chuanshan's Posthumous Notes in Jinling, which made Wang Fuzhi's works widely circulated. Mao Zedong and Tan Sitong, representatives of modern Hunan culture, were deeply influenced by Chuanshan's thought. Throughout his life, Wang Fuzhi advocated the idea of ??managing the world for practical purposes and resolutely opposed Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. He said: The Six Classics asked me to open up a new world, and I asked seven feet from the sky to be buried alive. Later generations compiled the 16 volumes of Chuanshan Complete Book.

Wang Fu's collection of classic famous sayings:

Words are only heard in the ears, and principles are only heard in the sky.

Only those who have small wisdom but big plans, and have low ambitions who want to cover up their shortcomings are willing to lure them and use them to clamp down on the world, so as to achieve their wrongdoing. Otherwise, how can it be difficult to tell if one knows that he is a delusional person?

But if there are some people who are not as good as they are in Xiyu and are not eager to make progress in their actions, then they will learn from it and not see their faults. It is consistent with the words of the sage, but it is unknown that the words of the sage are not just this.

If he talks about safety and danger lavishly, then he is believed to be patriotic; if he talks about illness very much, he is probably concerned about the people; if he has extensive history, he is happy to have more to say; if he quotes from the classics, he is admired for his solid foundation in learning. .

The Tao is broad but not precise, and the sincerity does not know the evil. If you seek to know people's wisdom and are not deceived by evil, you will definitely not be able to get it.

Only by the words of the sage, wash your heart and hide the secrets in order to observe its essence; then in the time of heaven, the changes in things will be extremely profound and you will study them a few.

Nothing else but knowing what other people say, but not knowing what the ancient and modern sages said.

The exemption from service is better than the official service. When Wen Gong was in power, the court officials were already fighting for it, not only Anshi's party.

Day by day it is reduced and reduced, what is saved is not given, there are officials who are restrained and there are tasks that cannot be tolerated, and cruel officials use their will as dispatches, so besides the whip, the service is flourishing.

Accept the teachings of the saints, learn them as children, study them in your youth, imbibe them and extend them.

If scholars are not good at learning, their learning is not good, and the Tao is not clear, then those who are above will fail to achieve what they want, and those who are below will not be able to learn from it.

There are subtle words, like jade in the mountains, pearls in the abyss, they cannot be caught lightly.

Those who value the meaning of the scriptures should reveal their hidden meanings, realize their inferences, distinguish their differences from heretics, recognize their similarities with hundreds of kings, prove what they have gained in the minds of ordinary people, and test them There is no limit to what can be done.

Rule the country with integrity and use military force with admiration.

Therefore, a harsh government is enough to destroy it, and it is not a mere government. It is the same as the villain, and the harm is caused by the causes and conditions. Those who advocate it do not plan at the beginning, but they will achieve it later.

If I want to rid the world of villains, villains will not be included in the throne, even though Yao and Shun could not.

People cannot waste their words, but can they waste their efforts? The commentator is not fair to his feelings, and it is unfair to him. All words are called wrong, and all merits are called sin.

Those who do have merit, but the merit does not have to be as expected; those who do not have merit, but the merit has been applied to the world.

And evil can be suppressed?

No one in the world is more kind than others to animals, so that they value their lives.

Good and evil depend on people, right and wrong depend on words, and merit and sin depend on things.

If there are no ministers, the ministers will collapse; if the ministers have no loyalty, they will be arrogant; all are inevitable.

Taking eloquence as a strength, taking humiliation as a source of pride, taking idleness as a pleasure, doing whatever you want to say, but fearing that it will not be given.

Therefore, when harsh governance arises, a gentleman must fight with all his strength; and the power that is fought for must be returned to something, and cannot be extended.

Therefore, a harsh government is enough to destroy it, and it is not a mere government. It is the same as the villain, and the harm is caused by the causes and conditions.

The rise of harsh government is enough to harm the country and abuse the people, but it is not enough to destroy it; although the government is harsh, it is still a government.

This is a strange thing, but the action is not strange. Those who use military force are just right.

Those who know it must know the secret behind what they say, not just saying it.

Therefore, the sage sees heaven in his heart, and then takes the heaven he sees as the master of God.

There are images in the sky, spring is like spring, autumn is like autumn, people are like people, things are like things, they are ordered and named without any change, this is what they indicate and can be described.

The words of the sage are here to seek similarity, and there is nothing impossible to do.

Words are displayed on the outside, and aspirations are hidden within; words are spoken first, and actions are completed later.

Even if there is great tension, one must still be relaxed; even if there is great relaxation, one must still be relaxed.

Think about it and get it, learn it and know that it is not possible; learn it and get it, try it and practice it but it is not possible; practice it and get it, but persist in it for a long time and it is not possible.

A husband and a gentleman are in harmony with the heavens, but they cannot violate the laws of heaven; they allow the people to worry about them, but they cannot disobey the people's spirit.

Since you have something to do, you must do it, and you are forced to seek it from others, but you are embarrassed and forget it yourself.

The changes in ancient and modern times are different, the customs of the nine states are not uniform, the likes and dislikes of people are different, and the suspicion and trust of the king and the people are uncertain.

Those who advance with propriety do not advance without propriety, but do not necessarily advance; those who gain righteousness do so with righteousness, but do not necessarily gain. Then there is something that must not be done, but there is nothing that must be done.

A husband, a gentleman, and a son must also do something. A son must serve his father, and a minister must serve the king. When he advances, he must do it with propriety, and when he receives it, he must do it with righteousness.

Thinking about it this way, it is clear that the evil and righteous intentions, the gains and losses of restraint, and the interests and harms of things are based on seeking others and seeking one's own leisure, while gentlemen and villains run counter to each other. It is clear.

The one who must do it, the one who takes strong things from me, and the one who asks for help from others.

Those who must not do it are those who cut off themselves and seek others.

The way of a villain is to do what is necessary and not to do what is necessary.

The way of a gentleman is to do what is necessary but not to do what is not necessary.

Those who have a big heart to communicate with the world will not see the smallness of the world; those who hide in secrets to see the world will not see the sparseness of the world.

Words that are grand but without reality are ominous.

Being self-motivated is different from doing your best. Those who do their best must do what they should do. Those who are self-motivated are those who use their emotions to the extreme.

Only the big and fine ones cannot be taken into consideration and the small and coarse ones are taken into consideration, so we call them small and fine, which is something that all scholars cannot forget.

If we put it in terms of form, each has its own thing, each has its use, each has its own time, each has its place, each has its function, each has its effect, and each has its own purpose. If they don't complement each other, how can it be said that the big and fine thing is the root of the small one?

Things have a beginning and an end, the original must be the root of the end, and the last must be the end of the origin.

Sweeping and sweeping is the form. If there is something tangible, there must be something metaphysical. The essence is so profound that it is also metaphysical. However, metaphysically, it has its own shape.

If you learn it from the beginning, then things will have their own small and large, and principles will also have their small and large. But if you speak it from the top, then things will be divided into small and large, and the principles will be consistent.

A gentleman is sincere when he does not deceive himself.

If we take this as merit and never give it up, we will see that benevolence is embodied in our body and manifested in the principles of affairs.

If you are knowledgeable and ask questions carefully, you will be able to see why things make sense.

Gai Xin originally responded to the situation, and everything must have its reason. The facts and principles are all scattered in the literature and can be learned.

To preserve, to preserve the principles, to preserve the principles gained from learning, inquiry, thinking, and determination.

If you live in virtue and promote it, then you will not talk about the integrity and sincerity, and the great foundation of the world will be left behind; if you claim to be unquestionable in the Tao, then you will not use it to understand things, and the transformation and education of heaven and earth will change day by day. I, the former, have forgotten all about it.

Although a husband and a gentleman have no doubts about the Tao, they may not follow it without hesitation.

Yes, I know that it must not be possible.

If the sacrifice is for respect, then it will be impossible to respect it; if the funeral is for mourning, then there will be no mourning.

If I think that I should be sad but feel sad, I feel sad as a last resort and talk about it accordingly. I am afraid that there will be voices but no tears, and there will be tears but not in the heart.

It is virtuous to take what is available in the world and to be proud of oneself but not to take it. This is close to the holy words but has no reality.

If you use your mind to seek virtue in the world, how can you describe your so-called virtues and explain yourself?

It turned out that when he studied under the Master , years have passed, and habits have become deep and difficult to change; only because of high talent, one can also follow the sage as the rule and not fall into evil.

It is easy to learn but difficult to learn well; it is easy to practice but difficult to practice; it is easy to be ashamed but difficult to know.

The reason why humans are different from animals is just their will!

The existence and nonexistence of the world cannot be caused or destroyed by thinking.

Scenery represents the scenery of emotion, and emotion represents the emotion of scenery.

Natural governs heaven and earth, and presides over people.

When will the swan geese arrive? There will be plenty of autumn water in the rivers and lakes.

Teaching is not strict and the teacher is lazy.

What should you do when you read? Discern its great meaning, cultivate yourself and govern others, observe its subtle words, and put the good and essence of it into spiritual use.

To be able to express feelings, to be able to reach something, to be inspired by the scene, to be inspired by the object.

Jin Zhi failed, bribed Ji Er and made friends with Ji Er.

Scenery represents the scenery of emotion, and emotion represents the emotion of scenery.

Do you know? It is difficult to write a sad sentence when the words "Goose" are floating in the clouds.

A gentleman is tireless in teaching, but a teacher must be strict in his teachings.

You will know the truth after you practice it.

Those who discuss the world must follow the principles of the world.

Wherever love goes, poetry follows; wherever poetry goes, love follows.

The reason why human beings are different from animals is just ambition!

Among selfish desires, the laws of nature reside.

The Tang Dynasty was in chaos, and the world was full of bribes.

The existence and nonexistence of the world cannot be caused or destroyed by thinking.

Know what you want without hesitation, and do it with ease.

Natural governs heaven and earth, and presides over people.

The more you learn, the farther you think.

It means to be handsome; a soldier without a commander is called a rabble.

If the ears are limited to what they hear, they will lose their intelligence; if their eyes are limited to what they can see, they will lose their brightness.

A gentleman should never choose friendships that are easy to make friends with, and never be good at defeating oneself.

It is easy to learn but difficult to learn well; it is easy to practice but difficult to practice; it is easy to be ashamed but difficult to know.

A good teacher must have a good scholar, and then his teaching will be of great benefit. The teacher can only show the goodness of the progress, and the success of the progress lies in people's self-enlightenment.

I am in contact with scholars, and I can teach you everything. I will show you what I know because of what I can know; I will show you how to do it because of what is possible. If they fail to know, they will be led to know it; if they are unable to do it, they will be encouraged to do it. There is nothing to teach him.

Teaching by example is more important than words.

When a person is born, if he does not eat, he will die; when a child is immature, if he does not learn, he will be stupid.

Sex refers to physiology. The day you are born, the day you are born. What is not done can be achieved, and what is done can be changed. As for human nature, how can one be punished without suffering any harm?

Human nature is borrowed from talents to be used, and only then can it be bad, thus burdening its nature, and those who do not know it will blame the evil of nature. This is an ancient and modern saying. Those who are ignorant of nature do not know that talents and nature have their own origins, but they regard talents as nature.

The way of the herdsman is the combination of education and education.

Schools are the education of the country, and the scholars follow the steps of advancement and retreat. The famous sayings of Dong Zhongshu, a thinker in the Han Dynasty

The famous sayings of Dong Zhongshu, a thinker in the Han Dynasty

1. If the teacher and commander are not virtuous, the virtue will not be proclaimed and the favor will not flow.

2. Names are born from truth, and they cannot be called names unless they are true.

3. Everything is in accordance with the name, and each name is in accordance with the heaven. The relationship between heaven and man becomes one.

4. The benevolent man loves mankind, and the wise man eliminates its harm.

5. If you are rich, you will be arrogant, and if you are poor, you will be worried.

6. Those with pure Qi are called essences, those with pure people are called virtuous people, those who govern the body use accumulation of essence as a treasure, and those who govern a country use accumulation of virtuous people as their way.

7. No good deed is too small to be done, and no evil is too small to be avoided.

8. He who can make all the people go there and win the crowd in the world is invincible in the world.

9. If the father is not the father, the son will not be the son; if the king is not the king, the minister will not be the minister.

10. Subdue the people and reach out to the king, bend the king and reach out to heaven.

11. Reduce the amount of taxes and reduce the amount of corvee, so as to broaden the people's strength.

12. The king is the guide for the ministers, the father is the guide for the son, and the husband is the guide for the wife.

13. Be generous to oneself but not responsible for others.

14. Nature is the simplicity of nature; goodness is the transformation of the king’s teachings.

15. The source of all chaos is always under suspicion.

16. If you are successful and happy, you must take precautions.

17. Saints bring benefit to the world.

18. Those who hide their illness will not get a good doctor.

19. Extremely honest and powerful.

20. If you want to judge the right and wrong, it is better to lead the rope; if you want to judge the right and wrong, it is better to quote the name.

21. The body has temperament, just like the sky has yin and yang.

22. It is up to oneself to control chaos and prosper.

23. A good teacher should not only be beautiful in his way, but also be cautious in his actions.

24. Simplicity is called sex, and sex cannot be achieved without education.

25. If education is established but all treachery is stopped, the embankment is complete; if education is abolished and both good and evil come out, and punishment cannot prevail, the embankment is broken. The ancient kings understood this, so when they ruled the world from the south, they all took education as their top priority.

26. If Sanyu is not polished, it will not become an article; if a gentleman does not learn, it will not become his virtue.

27. Things must be done reluctantly. If you study hard, you will be knowledgeable and knowledgeable; if you cultivate yourself reluctantly, your virtue will rise and you will achieve great success.

28. If the harp and harp are not in tune, if it is serious, it must be solved and changed.

29. The unity of heaven and man, the power of kings is granted by God.

30. Act according to God’s will and teach morally but not punish.

31. The great source of Tao comes from heaven. If heaven does not change, so will Tao.

32. If the harp and harp of the imitation are not in tune, if it is too serious, it must be solved and changed, so that it can be used as a drum.

33. When words come from oneself, do not block them; when actions come from oneself, do not cover them up.

34. A small amount can make a large number, and a small amount can lead to rejection. Therefore, a sage must use concealment to make things clear, and use subtle things to make things appear.

35. Fate is the order of heaven, sex is the quality of life, and love is the desire of man. Lu Buwei's famous quotes, famous quotes about Qu Yuan, famous quotes about Ouyang Xiu