The last ivy leaf lesson plan 1 1, teaching purpose
1, understand the role of the novel's tortuous and vivid plot in characterization and theme expression.
2. Appreciate the happy ending like O 'Henry.
3. Be able to understand the importance of establishing the spiritual fulcrum of life.
4. Learn from the spirit of the hero, Mr. Berman, who "sacrificed himself to save others".
Second, the importance and difficulty of teaching
1, focusing on understanding the role of the novel's tortuous and vivid plot in characterization and theme expression.
It is difficult to appreciate the beauty of O 'Henry's ending.
Third, teaching methods.
Introduction, inspiration and discussion
Fourth, the class schedule
One class hour
Teaching steps of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
(1) import
Using the method of "scene creation", the theme song "Love" of Zheng Da Variety is played by multimedia: "Love is love, love is love, love can bring you happiness and health ..." Life is so important to everyone who loves life, and love is the gentlest state of existence in life. Those who cherish their own lives deserve praise, and those who cherish their own lives, care for others' lives, and even pay the price of their lives, have written the greatest hymn of light for us. Today, let's follow the American writer O Henry into his novel The Last Ivy Leaf, pay tribute to such a "singer of life", accept the baptism of soul and the sublimation of spirit.
(2) Brief introduction of writers and works
1, O. Henry (1862 ~ 19 10), American short story writer.
O Henry wrote more than 300 short stories in his life, most of which reflected the bitter and funny life of the lower class. These works are known as "humorous encyclopedia of American life" for their humorous life interest and "tearful smile" style. His works often have a prominent artistic feature-unexpected endings, strange and intriguing stories, moving plots and delicate brushstrokes.
2. Three great short story masters in the world: O Henry (America) (the gift of the Magi, the police and hymns), Mo Bosang (France) (the necklace, boule de suif) and Chekhov (Russia) (the chameleon, the death of a small civil servant).
(3) Teaching process
The ancients said, "You can't know what it means until you read it a hundred times.". We know that every article is inseparable from "reading", so let's discuss it before learning this lesson. How do you think we should master the text content by "reading" such a well-known Chinese and foreign masterpiece?
First reading: define the plot, environment and main characters of the novel.
Rereading: Grasping the central idea of the article
Reading: Appreciate the language of the article
★ First reading:
1, please find out the corresponding relationship between time clues and characters and plots.
2. Which plot do you think is the most shocking in the whole story? Why?
3. Analyze the characters in the text and determine the main characters.
Clear:
1, 1 1 month: Qiongshan fell ill; One morning: Jonson was seriously ill; That night: Berman painted ivy leaves; The next morning: Jonson is critically ill and Berman is sick; On the third day, at first light, Jonson got better and Berman was taken to the hospital. Day 4: Jonson was out of danger and Berman died in the hospital. The whole story happened in four days.
2. It should be the end of the novel, which is both unexpected and reasonable, because this part is written by Su Ai's riddle: the death of old Berman brought The Last Leaf, a masterpiece he pursued all his life, and it was this masterpiece that awakened Joan's desire for life.
O'Henry-style ending: This way of ending should first "create momentum"-create a natural trend, and give readers a hint of an ending everywhere, but in the end, it suddenly "bounces back"-contrary to readers' expectations. However, this unexpected result is "unexpected and reasonable".
3. Hint: The shaping of characters is mainly accomplished through appearance description, language description, detail description and profile description.
Behrman: Weird appearance, full of anger, looking down on the warmth of others (hiding one's warmth is actually because of fear of being pitied), like to talk big and drink too much. An old painter who has suffered many setbacks in his life and career.
There is a beautiful heart hidden under the ordinary appearance, and even willing to give his life to help others. Compassion, love and self-sacrifice. (the writing technique of wanting to rise first and then restraining)
Joan Shan: A Kind and Frustrated Young Painter
Su Ai: A sympathetic and caring frustrated young painter.
The main characters are Berman.
The criterion for judging the hero should not simply look at the author's pen and ink, but should look at whether his personality has typical significance in the group and whether it plays a key role in the expression of the theme.
★ Read again:
1. Why is Berman's "The Last Rattan Leaf" his masterpiece?
2. At the critical moment of Jonson's pneumonia, why didn't the doctor sentence her to death, not sure whether she could be cured, but said it was up to her?
Clear:
1, because this leaf is not only the artistic crystallization of Berman's 40-year pursuit and 25-year waiting, because it gives patients hope and belief, shows the selfless and sincere affection between ordinary people, and shines with the brilliance of human nature.
Slide presentation
Rodin famously said: "The focus of art is touching, love, hope, trembling and life. Before you can become an artist, you must first become a person. "
Feuerbach famously said, "Love makes you a person."
2. [Hint] Because between life and death, struggle and submission, you need to build up confidence and strive for victory. In fact, everyone will encounter difficulties and setbacks. The key is to see if you have confidence, can you face it and have the courage to overcome it. Joan's experience shows how important faith is to a person! A firm belief is the spiritual pillar on which life depends.
Slide presentation
"No one in this world can make you fall, if your faith is still there!" (Martin Luther King)
This article gives us inspiration:
1. Be a compassionate, caring and even self-sacrificing person, and show more concern and sympathy to the people around you.
How important faith is to a person! A firm belief is the spiritual pillar on which life depends.
★ Read:
Appreciate O'Henry-style language.
For example, "1 1 month, an uninvited guest, heartless and invisible to the naked eye, was called' pneumonia' by the doctor, and crept in the art area and touched it with cold fingers." "Leaves. Leaves on the ivy. When the last piece falls, I have to leave, too. I knew it three days ago. Didn't the doctor tell you? " "Another piece fell off. No, I don't want soup. There are only four pieces left. I hope to see the last rattan leaf fall before dark. Then I should go too. "
Taste: Use humorous, witty, humorous, exaggerated, satirical and figurative language to render the comedy color of tragedy, so that readers can wake up to their serious thoughts and feelings in humorous description and enlighten people in liveliness.
"Laughing with tears" is the creative style of O'Henry's novels, which is an organic combination of comedy form and tragedy connotation. "Smile" is its comic form. Humorous language, relaxed narration, clever plot. Humor, irony and even cynical tone, exaggeration, ridicule, pun and other techniques make readers laugh; "Tears" is its tragic connotation. Behind the relaxed words in O'Henry's novels is the heavy realistic style. Most of his works reveal the irrationality of reality, show the mental trauma suffered by small people in a cruel society and express their deep sympathy.
Note: In this link, students should be given enough time to study, not just browsing the text to find the corresponding paragraphs.
(4) class summary
If Berman is the loose and broken brick wall, then Jonson is like a vine attached to it; If Berman is that old ivy, then Jonson is a leaf on that vine. The novel "The Last Ivy Leaf" makes us not only see the bitter experience of small people in the indifferent capitalist society, but also see the great soul from ordinary people and the brilliance of human nature from the suffering of life. I hope that each of us can strive to carry forward the beauty of human nature in the course of life and make the world full of warmth.
(5) homework
What a special leaf it is! But unfortunately, there are not many descriptions of Berman in the whole work, and even the most touching scene of painting leaves is not written. Students, can you use your imagination to fill in the blank of this plot?
[Hint]: We can imagine how the old man stumbled twenty feet above the ground in the rain on that stormy night, trembling with yellow and green, showing his artistic talent on the wall that he had never shown before, and finally died.
"The Last Ivy Leaf" Teaching Plan Part II [Teaching Objectives]
Through the study of novels, students have a new feeling and understanding of life: firm belief and cherish life.
[Teaching Hypothesis]
This is one of O 'Henry's representative works. In his works, the author vigorously promotes the beauty of human nature and shows people's good wishes for the world of human nature. There are many things to learn in the works, such as structural art, language art, novel connotation and so on. For this famous picture of human nature, it is planned to adopt the way of reading and discussion, so that students can feel the shock of the novel in the process of reading and learning, and at the same time guide students to deepen their thinking and understanding of life.
[Teaching time]
One class hour
[Teaching process]
First, import:
Students, can you imagine? A leaf on the ivy actually saved a young and almost hopeless life. What magic leaf is this? What power makes it miraculously never fade? Let's walk into the famous short story The Last Ivy Leaf by American writer O Henry with curiosity.
Second, introduce the writer and his creation (multimedia display)
American writer O 'Henry (1862- 19 10) won worldwide praise for his many works, ingenious ideas and humor, and became an outstanding American short story writer. Together with French Mo Bosang and Russian Chekhov, they are called the three greatest short story writers in the world. Its representatives are gifts from the Magi, policemen and hymns.
Third, find a classmate to sketch the story first.
Fourth, study the text.
1. After reading the novel, everyone will have their own thoughts and feelings. Please speak freely and talk about which plot do you think is most impressive?
[Hint] The most shocking plot is the unexpected but reasonable unexpected ending.
Ask the students to read a passage revealed by Su Ai at the end of the article.
It turns out that Berman painted the last leaf on the wall. Please tell me what Berman is like according to the relevant content in the article.
Please find out what the article pays attention to Berman, and then talk about your opinion after reading it.
[hint]
The first time I met Boehlmann (30-35): The author told us by describing his appearance that Boehlmann was an irritable, alcoholic, grumbling and frustrated old painter. Through language description, when he learned of Jonson's illness and "idiotic thoughts", he "ironically growled for a while" and wrote his kindness and sympathy.
Goodbye Behrman (52-55): Behrman was weak and died after two days of illness. Berman died of pneumonia because he painted the last leaf in the rain. Let's see Behrman has a passionate love under the ordinary and even a little annoying appearance. Although he is poor, he cares and helps others selflessly, even at the expense of his own life. His lofty love and self-sacrifice spirit are touching.
3. Look at section 30 of the work. Berman is a depressed person. For 40 years, he has made no achievements in painting. "He always talks about painting a masterpiece." Do you think the last leaf he painted is a masterpiece? Why?
[hint]
Jonson, who had no hope for himself, was inspired by the last ivy leaf Berman bought with his life and recovered his vitality. It was Berman's paintings that awakened Jonson's desire for life. This is a historical picture of the human world.
What a special leaf it is! But unfortunately, there are not many descriptions of Berman in the whole work, and even the most touching scene of painting leaves is not written. Students, can you use your imagination to fill in the blank of this plot?
[hint]
We can imagine that stormy night, how the old man stumbled twenty feet above the ground in the rain, trembling with yellow and green, showing his artistic talent on the wall that he had never shown before, and finally died of illness.
Everyone showed a rich imagination just now. Now, please look at the work again. Please look it up in the text. Where did this crucial "last leaf" first appear in the text?
Ask the students to read 16-28 according to different roles and think about what the last leaf has to do with Joan.
[hint]
Joan regards this last leaf as a symbol of her life, as the last weak connection with the world, and as a reason to give up her life. In the cold autumn wind and heavy rain, vines and Harrison are falling less and less, Qiongshan is counting less and less, and readers' hearts are getting tighter and tighter. All the plots are attributed to the last leaf that sustains Qiongshan's life, which gradually pushes the plot of the novel to a climax. Qiongshan counted the fallen leaves for three days and waited for one day, just to wait for the last rattan leaf to fall. Unexpectedly, this last rattan leaf could actually overcome the fate of "autumn wind sweeping away the fallen leaves" and survived the autumn wind for a day and a night.
6. After a day and a night of wind and rain, the last rattan leaf miraculously withstood the fate of "autumn wind sweeping away leaves". Joan will believe it. Why? If this leaf really falls off, will Jonson die?
[Hint] The key to the problem is not whether the leaf is true or not, but that unbroken ivy leaf has caused Jonson to think about life. Please read section 44-50. The strong rattan leaf refused to yield in the face of biting wind and rain and fell down. This gave Joan great encouragement in despair and prompted her to cheer up again.
If this leaf really falls off, Jonson may not die. Although the last leaf Berman sacrificed was a great encouragement to Jonson, it was not enough to make Jonson recover. Jonson needed his own strength to overcome the disease.
I think, if we look back at the works, we will understand: Please look at section 6- 1 1 for students to read.
7. At the critical moment of Jonson's pneumonia, why didn't the doctor sentence her to death, not sure whether she could be cured, but said it was up to her?
[Hint] Because between life and death, struggle and submission, you need to build up confidence and strive for victory. In fact, everyone will encounter difficulties and setbacks. The key is to see if you have confidence, can you face it and have the courage to overcome it. Joan's experience shows how important faith is to a person! A firm belief is the spiritual pillar on which life depends.
8. Let's look at a set of materials.
[Introduction] The wheel of time has crossed the threshold of the century. Standing on the threshold of the world, people finally realize that "development is precious and life costs more." It can be said that the serious and ancient topic of life has profound philosophical connotation and has never attracted the attention of all mankind as it is now.
[Typical phenomena from the depths of life]
1, life is extremely precious and great.
The emergence of life only appeared after countless years of evolution in nature. Any slight change in natural conditions may kill life in the cradle. After the emergence of life, it has experienced a long change from single-celled life to more complex life forms. Finally, the reappearance of biological human beings with higher wisdom and advanced emotions-more embodies the greatness of life. In the vast universe, we haven't found any other living stars. At present, our life is unique.
2. Life is extremely tenacious and tenacious because of faith.
1At 9: 00 pm on May 20th, 998, Bayinwusu Mine in Xinjiang was washed away by mountain torrents, and huge water flowed directly into the bottom of the well, which flooded 13 workers who were working at the bottom of the well. Only a young worker, Hang Ping, grabbed a log more than one meter long and floated downstream to the depths of the roadway until he reached the coal mining area 700 meters deep. Hangping went to a dry area one meter square and turned on the miner's lamp. Not far from the light and shadow, he saw a mule pulling a coal car and getting stuck under a narrow crossing. In the first two days, in addition to drinking water, he tried to chew the bark on the wood and tried to chew the belt, all of which failed. After about four or five days, he turned his hungry eyes to the mule who lived alone with him. He moved his extremely weak body, grabbed the mule's foot with a shovel, and let the mule drown in the struggle. Then he peeled the mule with a shovel on a stone, broke his glasses, and cut the meat bit by bit with glass. Because he couldn't chew, the feeling of nausea almost killed him. After a few days, the meat began to go bad. He soaked the cut meat in water and rubbed it repeatedly until it was clean before he dared to swallow it. In order to maintain strength and heat, he reduced his movements to a minimum. He lay on the ground, thinking for countless times, I am still alive, I want to live. In this way, he stayed until 8 o'clock in the morning on June 23, when he touched his body, his arms were gaunt, his chest muscles had collapsed, and he could touch his spine when he touched his stomach. During these 34 days, the two pumps have been running day and night, and the pumping capacity per hour is close to 200 tons. As the water level dropped, rescuers carried out 12 bodies from the ground. When rescuers found that Hang Ping was still alive, all those who heard about it were full of curiosity and thought it was a "miracle" similar to myth.
3. The power to overcome life despair lies in life itself.
One night, he walked distraught to the edge of the cliff.
He feels that life is boring, and his young heart is unwilling to bear the loneliness and hardships of this world. He felt the blood all over his body was like wine in a jar, and he had an impulse to break the jar. So, he gently lifted his feet into the air.
Suddenly, there was a unique sound, and he couldn't help listening. Oh, it's the baby crying. In this barren hills, life is still lofty. Suddenly, an unprecedented excitement struck him. He pushed away the god of death who lured him to commit suicide and ran away with the crow and the light.
This is the most dazzling lightning in his fate. A few years later, his great works landed in Russia and the world like spring rain.
He is Turgenev.
4. Life is proud of struggle.
Lu Youqing, the author of Diary of Death, was born in 1963 and graduated from East China Normal University. Before his illness, he was the deputy general manager of Shanghai Pudong Real Estate Exhibition Center. 1994, Lu Youqing found that gastric cancer was in the advanced stage, and 4/5 of the stomach had to be removed. But three months later, he dragged his gently fluttering body stubbornly into the company door, smiling as usual. He said to his friend, "People have the dignity of death, and they should choose their own way to accept death."
In the summer of 2000, when Lu Youqing was hospitalized again, the doctor predicted that he would have 100 days. At this time, he was surprisingly calm and thought for a long time, and decided to record the experience, process and psychological changes of this 100 day in the form of a diary. "My life will get sadder every day, and it will be easy to escape. A diary is like a time card, and you can see at a glance whether you are diligent or not. " He named the diary "Diary of Death" and decided to broadcast it online. Lu Youqing wrote 34 diaries with hundreds of thousands of words in his hospital bed. "A diary of two or three thousand words will take me four or five hours. I lie down, sit, lean and insist on writing in various positions. "
As soon as the diary was published, the posts of netizens flocked to attract a lot of people's attention.
Lu Youqing and Diary of the Dead were described on the Internet as "a special event among the people of China in 2000". After all, this ordinary person has caused too much thinking.
[Impact from the Deep Heart]
Of all life, human life is the most precious.
Life, as a whole, will not die. Not only will it not die out, but it will continue to develop. Only as an individual can life die inevitably.
Some people say that from the day of birth, people will die day by day; Some people say that from the first day of birth, people tend to mature day by day; Some people say that people are moving towards pain and joy; Some people say that people are heading for failure and success. Isn't misfortune and luck accompanied by life? !
Man's life is magnificent, and his life also has its limitations. People, men and women, people of different nationalities and colors, orientals and westerners, in the first person, all face the same gender problem-how to know life, how to respect life and how to protect life. ...
Like classmates, life is a big book with rich connotations. No matter at which stage of life voyage, we must have a strong sense of life. If you are a teenager, you must know how to live; You are still young, you must cultivate life; You are in the prime of life, you must control your life; You are old, you should protect your life. If you want your life to be as youthful and energetic as Asahi, then you should establish a strong sense of life!
After reading these materials, you will definitely feel something. Please imagine what you will do when you encounter difficulties and setbacks in your life journey.
I am very satisfied with your wonderful speech. Through the study of this class, we not only appreciate the charm of the novel, but also have a deeper thinking and understanding of life. I wish everyone can become a person with firm belief. Make your life more exciting. Finally, I want to end this lesson with a poem by Wang Guozhen.
Life, life
When the spirit is depressed.
Life will cease to exist.
A curvy figure
How can you stand it?
Autumn leaves are bleak and the wind is urgent.
Hang your head
Just to improve your mind.
If you have an unyielding soul
There will be a solid land under your feet.
Wherever you go,
There will be countless pairs of eyes following you.
From other people
We know ourselves.
"The Last Ivy Leaf" Lesson 3 Learning Objectives:
1, sort out the story and understand the wonderful ending writing.
2. Explore the characters and experience the beauty of human nature.
Teaching focus:
Put yourself in the person's shoes and understand the beauty of human nature.
Teaching difficulties:
Expand the connection and fill in how Berman painted the last ivy leaf to understand the mystery of the ending.
Class arrangement:
1 class hour
teaching process
First of all, the introduction of passion
Second, invest in learning objectives.
Third, retell the story
Who does this little leaf touch in the novel? What kind of story happened between them? Can you repeat the story in chronological order?
(Different students retell supplementary projection stories)
We find that these storylines are closely related to "the last ivy leaf", which can be said to be a clue running through the whole paper.
Fourth, explore the characters.
1, discussion: Who is the hero of the novel?
Students can discuss freely, and students may think:
Joan: The story revolves around her. She witnessed the last leaf that never fell and finally recovered. Through her, she explained that life should be full of expectations and look at her own theme.
Sue: Joan is ill. She takes care of her. Joan is desperate. She tried to stall and told Berman about it. The theme is to praise her precious friendship.
Berman: He painted the last leaf on the wall. He saved Jonson. The theme is to praise his virtue of self-sacrifice and saving others.
Criterion for judging the hero: not only depends on the amount of pen and ink written by the author, but also depends on whether his personality has typical significance in the group, whether his personality development directly promotes the reversal of the plot and whether it plays a key role in the expression of the theme. 2. Analyze Berman's image.
Throw out thinking questions, let students analyze and discuss, learn from each other's strengths, and stimulate students' interest and thirst for knowledge.
Thinking 1: How many times has Boehlmann been written in the article? How are they written separately? Behrman
The first positive description:
In section 30, please ask one student to read aloud, and the rest of the students draw sentences describing Behrman's appearance, personality and scene to summarize his image.
-ugly, grumpy, embarrassed, drunk, boastful (masterpiece), frustrated old painter
The second positive description: language description
Ask the students to read the relevant sentences and analyze them.
Verse 32: I growled at this idiot's idea for a while.
Section 33 "Poor Joan deleted" and "hateful leaves"
Article 35 (see text)
-Kindness, compassion and care for others.
The third introduction: In section 52, the doctor said, "He is old and weak, and he is very ill. He has no hope. "
Finally, Su Ai said, "Berman painted the last leaf in the rain, so he got pneumonia and died two days later.
Clever transition: At the end of verse 55, it says "That's Berman's masterpiece". Is it a masterpiece? Why?
Thinking 2: Why is Berman's last ivy leaf his masterpiece?
Students discuss and answer: Because this leaf gives patients hope and faith, it shows the selflessness and friendship between ordinary people and shines with the brilliance of human nature.
Thinking 3: Since Berman's painting of ivy leaves is an important plot of the novel, why didn't the author actually write it? What are the benefits of this treatment? 1) makes the novel produce unexpected effects (O'Henry ending)
Projection after students discuss and answer: O'Henry ending: A Soviet writer once said that "the influence of art should be put last", that is, "the death of Zhang Xianzhi". At the end of the story, the master of short stories suddenly changes the psychological status of the characters, or makes the protagonist's fate suddenly reverse, resulting in unexpected results, but it is reasonable and in line with the reality of life, thus creating unique artistic charm and leaving readers room for imagination.
It leaves room for the reader's imagination, and describes how Berman drew the last ivy leaf with the relevant sentences in section 55.
After the students describe it in words, let them communicate and evaluate each other (from language, situation, spirit, etc.), thus setting off a climax.
Teacher's summary:
Teachers include affectionate generalizations and try to infect students in language and emotion:
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
Play the song Dedication of Love, and at the same time play the expanded content in the song:
After reading this novel, you will be deeply moved by the beauty of human nature reflected in the novel. How to be a capitalized "person"? Berman answered this question with his life. How should we answer it?