Ability refers to the personality and psychological characteristics that directly affect the efficiency of activities and enable the successful completion of activity tasks. To do any job, you must have the corresponding abilities. Different activity tasks and contents also put forward different requirements for the required abilities. The main abilities that a class teacher should possess include meticulous and methodical organizational management abilities, witty and responsive adaptability, extensive and flexible communication and coordination abilities, profound and keen observation and analysis abilities, calm and self-control abilities, vivid and artistic language expression abilities, etc.

1. Meticulous organization and management of the class

The work of the class teacher must face not only the entire class, but also individual students. Working for the entire group requires the class teacher to have the skills of an organizer and manager, that is, good at organizing a good class collective, good at organizing colorful educational activities, and good at managing various work in the class. At the same time, it is necessary to adopt practical methods and methods to do individual transformation work according to the situation of individual students. This is one of the basic abilities of a class teacher. Without this ability of organizational management and individual transformation, class work will fall into chaos, focusing on one thing and losing another. No matter how hard you work, you can only get "half the result with twice the result."

In class management, all work must be arranged in an overall plan, and problems must be considered carefully to make all work orderly and orderly. We must be good at combining the school education requirements with the reality of the class and become an organic part. It is necessary to formulate clear, specific and practical management goals. We must be good at cultivating students' independence, autonomy, and self-care. Ability and spirit enable students to play the role of class masters.

Being good at integrating education into management is the unique characteristic of all outstanding head teachers. For example, Mr. Wang Zhensheng, an outstanding head teacher in Dandong City, educates students to put others before themselves, help each other and be friendly through small things such as giving out movie tickets, and has achieved very good educational results. In the past, movie tickets were distributed in the class through lottery. Those who got good tickets were happy, and those who got bad tickets were dejected. Teacher Wang felt that this method was not good and would have some bad effects on students, so when he distributed movie tickets for the first time after taking over as the class teacher, he changed the method of drawing tickets. He first inspired the students, "Besides drawing votes, is there any better way? For example, how can we take care of students with bad eyesight..." The classroom was quiet for a while. He further enlightened and said, "If we don't use the lottery method, which student can voluntarily ask for a ticket with a bad seat?" After a while, a male student timidly raised his hand and said, "Teacher, I can ask for it." There is nothing wrong with my eyes for tickets with bad seats.” His words were met with applause, followed by shouts of "I want it" and "I want it." After the shouting subsided, Teacher Wang handed the movie tickets to the entertainment committee member. She kept the worst ticket for herself first, and then distributed it to her classmates. After the tickets were illuminated, Teacher Wang asked another question: "In the past, when I drew tickets, I was dejected when I got bad tickets. But this time, I was happy when I got bad tickets. Why is this?" Let each student write a question. Article experience. From then on, whenever movie tickets were distributed, students would always give in to each other and compete for tickets with poor seats. A culture of putting others before oneself, helping each other and being friendly gradually formed in the class. Infiltrate ideological education into class management, change "management" into "education", and make every management activity an educational opportunity. This is an essential ability for the class teacher.

The class teacher’s ability to organize a good class is mainly reflected in the selection and training of backbones and the formation of correct class public opinion. Experienced class teachers always put their main focus on organizing the class. After a good class collective is formed, the collective itself becomes a powerful educational force. The growth of each student can be placed under the collective restraint, cultivation and progress of the collective. The key to organizing a class is to be able to continuously guide the collective toward new goals through one's own creative work. For example, teacher Gao Lin from Qinhuangdao No. 4 Middle School in Hebei Province, the class in which he serves as a class teacher was rated as a “Civilized Advanced Class” by the school. Unexpectedly, after receiving the award stamps, I admired those who won the gold cup for the motherland even more." Everyone was deeply educated. The students also debated over a stamp commemorating the "100th anniversary of Robert Koch's discovery of tuberculosis bacilli", which made some The classmate admitted sincerely that he usually does not like to study and has poor knowledge. He even does not understand the content on the stamps.

Finally, Teacher Xu analyzed the phenomenon that some students in the class have relaxed their studies because they like to collect stamps, and told the students: The process of collecting stamps should also be a process of continuously enriching scientific knowledge. We cannot just think that collecting stamps affects learning. If so, we will lose The meaning of stamp collecting. After this activity, the phenomenon of abandoning study and playing with stamps disappeared in the class. Many young stamp collectors became "Chinese fans", "Mathematics fans" and "Chemistry fans" at the same time.

Second, resourceful and responsive adaptability

Adaptability is an educational ability that class teachers should possess. It refers to the class teacher's ability to make the best of the situation and deal with various unexpected problems accordingly. With this ability, teachers can make the most reasonable decisions and adopt the most appropriate educational methods in complex and changeable situations. This ability may also be called "educational resourcefulness".

The class teacher works with lively students. The thoughts, emotions, and personalities of dozens of students vary widely, making the work of the class teacher complicated and ever-changing. As Makarenko said, "No two situations in my case are exactly the same." Therefore, in order to achieve good educational results, teachers must be accurate, timely and appropriate in selecting and implementing educational methods. Use it flexibly according to the specific situation, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude, time and person.

Model class teacher Mao Beilei once dealt with such an incident tactfully: Once, the class held a poetry recitation competition "We are the new generation of the Red Army". Xiao Sun, a student with congenital physical defects and unclear speech, also stepped onto the stage. After she uttered the four words "On the Long March" in one breath, she finally came up with the three words "hundred flowers bloom". At this time, Teacher Mao found that a student sitting in the last row was moving his mouth and imitating her. Seeing Xiao Sun reciting would cause the whole room to burst into laughter. This would not only affect the effect of the recitation competition, but also hurt Xiao Sun's self-esteem. Teacher Mao immediately signaled his classmates with his eyes and applauded together. When the applause stopped, Teacher Mao encouraged everyone and said: "Students, Xiao Sun is determined to learn the Red Army's spirit of not being afraid of difficulties and comes on stage to recite. This is good! When you see your classmates in trouble, everyone comes to help. This is the Red Army's good deeds." Style. Okay, let’s all recite together with her.” As soon as Teacher Mao finished speaking, a loud recitation sounded in the whole classroom, and Xiao Sun's unclear voice merged with everyone's voices. After the recitation, Xiao Sun looked very excited.

Another example is the clever handling of the quarrel between two students by the two head teachers. During the break, the two students had a quarrel. The class bell rang, and the head teacher came over to persuade them to enter the classroom. One student went in quickly, but the other student refused to enter the classroom because he suffered a disadvantage. What should I do? The class teacher did not force him to go in. Instead, based on the student's willingness to help the teacher with things, he said to him kindly, "Look, I have so many things in my hands. Please help me bring the small blackboard into the classroom." "?" The student looked at the teacher, took the blackboard and walked into the classroom. The teacher immediately said to everyone, "Two classmates just had a quarrel, but some students took the overall situation into account and in order to let others have a good class, they also helped the teacher bring in the small blackboard. I believe he will have a good class. If there is a problem, Solved after class." As expected, the student returned to his seat and listened to the teacher's lecture with peace of mind. The above example seems very simple. But it shows the superb educational art of these two teachers who can handle it flexibly under specific conditions and adopt the most effective method to educate students appropriately. It is the product of a combination of teachers' thoughtfulness and decisiveness, as well as the result of teachers' in-depth understanding of students and continuous accumulation of educational experience. Makarenko believes that "one of the necessary characteristics of educational skills is the ability to adapt to changes." Teachers with strong adaptability, good guidance and proper handling can quickly make clear judgments and correctly handle situations that suddenly arise in the education process. This can not only "turn danger into safety", but even "icing on the cake". Under the social conditions of reform and opening up, students' thoughts and concepts have undergone many new changes, and they will encounter many new situations and problems in class work. Class teachers cannot rely solely on past experience. They must change educational methods and content according to the changed situation, and deal with new problems that they have not encountered in the past tactfully and flexibly. This is very important for class teachers in the new era.

3. Extensive and flexible communication and coordination abilities

Coordinating all aspects of strength to do a good job in education together is an important task of the class teacher. Practice has proved that it is impossible for the class teacher to complete all the educational tasks for the students by relying solely on his own strength.

He must coordinate various educational forces such as subject teachers, parents, and society, fully mobilize positive factors from all aspects, and have a coordinated impact on students. To coordinate, we must first establish a good relationship. The establishment of this relationship depends on communication. The class teacher must be good at communicating with relevant departments and various relevant personnel. Therefore, communication and coordination skills have become an indispensable ability for class teachers.

First of all, if subject teachers can cooperate with the class teacher and unite as one to form an educational group with unified goals with the class teacher as the core, the educational effect will exceed the strength of the class teacher alone. This requires the head teacher to work hard to: First, take the initiative to communicate with the subject teachers, communicate with each other, study problems, determine directions, discuss measures, and formulate plans. The second is to often and sincerely seek opinions from subject teachers, understand the situation, discover problems, and solve them in a timely manner. The third is to enthusiastically invite subject teachers to participate in class activities, so that teachers and students can increase their feelings, communicate ideas, and work together. Fourth, if the subject teacher has personal or family difficulties, he can guide the students to do what they can.

In terms of coordinating subject teachers, a very important task is to strengthen the teacher-respect education for students, so that students can respect every subject teacher and cherish the fruits of the teacher's labor. For example, teacher Sun Guorui from Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province. In the past, some students in his class did not respect the teacher, talked casually in class, and even contradicted the teacher. Some teachers became angry because of this. In order to change this situation, Teacher Sun divided the students into several groups and investigated the work of teachers in each subject under the topic of "How do teachers educate us?" During the investigation, the students learned that: some teachers often prepare lessons until late at night in order to give a good class; some teachers leave sick children at home without caring about them and go to school to tutor their classmates in self-study at night; some teachers The sick note is locked in the drawer, and the students insist on attending classes... The students said with deep emotion, "How much effort the teachers have put into educating us! In the past, we didn't listen carefully to the lectures and even contradicted the teachers. We were really ignorant." On New Year's Eve, they held a class meeting with the theme "Thank you, hardworking gardener". At the class meeting, the secretary of the Youth League branch presented a speech to the teacher on behalf of the whole class, and the student representatives read letters of condolences to the teachers and presented small gifts to the teachers. The teachers who participated in the meeting all spoke excitedly, and the entire class meeting was immersed in a grand and warm atmosphere from beginning to end. Through this activity, the understanding between teachers and students was deepened and students' respect for their teachers was enhanced. The students consciously and proactively do good things for their teachers, study hard, and respect their teachers. A good class style is gradually formed. The subject teachers also began to care and support the class work, thus promoting the class work.

Secondly, the class teacher is the link and bridge between school, society and family, and must be good at coordination in this area. The class teacher should establish a good relationship with the parents, maintain close contact, keep abreast of the students' performance and various aspects of the situation at home through the parents, and report the students' various situations in school to the parents so that they can do a good job in education together.

There are many channels for communication between head teachers and parents, the most important of which is "home visits." The head teacher must master the "art" of home visits, have a clear purpose, and be good at scientifically choosing time, methods, and methods. A class teacher once conducted two home visits to a student. Due to different methods, the results achieved were completely different. During the first home visit, the student was not at home. The head teacher told the parents all about the student's bad performance in school. As a result, the student was severely beaten by the parents. The student was extremely dissatisfied with the teacher and developed antagonism. During the second home visit, the head teacher praised the student's progress in front of the students and parents, and pointed out to the parents that spanking children was wrong. He also admitted that his last home visit, which only talked about the child's shortcomings, was one-sided. The student was deeply moved and happily accepted the teacher's criticism and help.

4. Profound and keen observation and analysis skills

The prerequisite for a class teacher to do a good job is to understand the students, and the most basic quality for understanding students is the ability to observe. Zankov said, “For an observant teacher, the students’ optimism, excitement, surprise, doubt, fear, embarrassment and other subtle manifestations of inner activities cannot escape his eyes. If a teacher If he turns a blind eye to this kind of performance, it will be difficult for him to become a good teacher and helpful friend of his students." Therefore, profound and keen observation ability is an important ability of the class teacher.

A class teacher with keen observation skills can capture the ups and downs of students' thoughts and feelings from the students' subtle performances, scientifically predict the trend of the problem, and solve the problem in its bud.

For example, after the winter vacation, the new semester started. Teacher Hou Zili from Yan'an City walked into the classroom and wished the whole class a happy new year. The students also said hello to Teacher Hou in unison, but Teacher Hou found that there was a very special voice among everyone's voices. Especially, as if to deliberately attract the teacher's attention, looking for the sound, hey! Classmate XX seems to be a different person. The simple and lively student uniform of the past was gone, with a snow-white collar and a brand new, straight coat. The sparkling watch on his wrist was also deliberately exposed, with a proud look on his face. Teacher Hou felt that something was not right. Wearing new clothes for the New Year was a very common thing and the teacher should not interfere. However, Teacher Hou felt keenly that there was some kind of ideological hidden behind the change of student XX's clothes. Unhealthy signs. After understanding, this student often went to the guest house of his father's workplace for meals during holidays. He saw that the guests and staff coming in and out of the guest house were all well-dressed and airy, and he felt shabby, so he began to pay attention to salvaging them. He also begged his brother to lend him his watch. If this kind of pursuit of clothing and fashionable thoughts and expressions is not educated in time and continues to develop, it will be very dangerous. Therefore, Teacher Hou contacted his parents, cooperated closely, and worked together. After a period of hard work, he finally realized the life philosophy that hard work is glorious and luxury is shameful. He concentrated on his studies and made rapid progress.

Five, contains a kind of convincing power

For example, when Teacher Hu from Beijing No. 5 Middle School took over a new class, the whole class burst into laughter when he walked into the classroom for the first time. He burst out laughing, with whispers such as "True picture" and "It's so similar" mixed in the laughter. As the students looked towards the blackboard, a large woman's head was drawn in profile on the blackboard: high eyebrows, upturned nose, coupled with the author's obvious exaggerated handwriting on the features, it can be concluded at a glance , the painting is of myself. Looking at this comical portrait, she was so embarrassed that her face became swollen with heat.

"You are so presumptuous, you dare to make fun of the teacher." She really wanted to punish the student in the portrait. But her reason told her: This cannot be done. The teacher's dignity cannot be maintained by reprimanding or persuading. Dozens of pairs of eyes are staring at him, watching how he handles this matter. Any impulse or anger may cause adverse consequences. The laughter continued, but Teacher Hu calmed down, as if nothing had happened. This unexpected calm made the students stop laughing and look at the teacher curiously. Teacher Hu picked up the blackboard eraser, walked to the portrait, took a look at it, and said to the students, "What a great painting! It really looks like it! This student should use his talent in painting." Then she slowly erased the portrait. , began to teach. Teacher Hu worked extra hard in this class and taught vividly, attracting the whole class. Just when everyone was listening attentively, the bell rang. The get out of class was not finished yet. She closed the book politely and said softly, "There is not enough time." The implication was that the little chaos before the lecture cost everyone's time. At this time , many students looked at one classmate with reproachful eyes, and the classmate slowly lowered his head. From then on, Teacher Hu paid attention to cultivating his talents and often acted as a "model" for his sketches. This classmate later became an art teacher in a famous key school.

Education is an art. In the predicament, Teacher Hu unexpectedly adopted a tolerant and tolerant attitude, calmly "cold-treated" the student, affirmed the author's painting skills, and encouraged him to develop his talents. The painting students were moved and felt guilty. There is no opposition between teachers and students, nor does it dampen students' enthusiasm for art. With the love, support and encouragement of teachers, students' talents have been fully developed. What a successful education! If Teacher Hu could not control his emotions at that time and became impulsive, not only would the relationship between teachers and students become tense and deteriorate, but this bud of art might also be destroyed. It can be seen that calmness, tolerance, and tolerance are also educational methods, sometimes very effective educational methods, and what they require is that teachers must have strong self-control ability.

6. Vivid and artistic language expression ability

Language expression is one of the important factors in the ability structure of the class teacher, and it is also an important condition that directly affects the educational effect. Language expression is the ability to accurately express one's thoughts, feelings, knowledge, wishes, requirements, etc. through language. Correct educational ideas must be expressed through accurate language. To enlighten students' hearts and cultivate students' sentiments, we must use vivid and artistic language to stir the students' heartstrings and arouse strong excitement just like a luthier plays the piano.

Many excellent class teachers can achieve remarkable results in educating students. In addition to having a strong sense of professionalism and responsibility, profound knowledge and rich experience, they are also good at using rich, vivid and vivid educational language. This is also an important factor. On the contrary, the language of some class teachers is monotonous, the content is empty, unclear, even vulgar, filthy, and hurtful. Although they also have good intentions to educate students, due to poor language, they cannot achieve the expected results, or even have the opposite effect.

The class teacher should be an expert in language arts. In addition to the language required by ordinary teachers to be accurate, clear, concise, popular, standardized, and fluent, he should also be persuasive, infectious, inspiring, and able to It can enter students' ears and brains and move their hearts. Summarizing the language arts of some outstanding head teachers, the following points are effective:

1. Use accurate, clear, and vivid metaphors. For example, using the metaphor of "tripping on the same stone twice is a disaster" to educate students not to make mistakes again is much better than dry preaching.

2. Quote some poems, allusions, and anecdotes to make use of the topic. For example, in a class meeting with the theme of "racing against time and studying hard for China to take off", using "people who don't know what they will do tomorrow is unfortunate" and "time is the material that makes up life" can have the effect of preempting others.

3． Use philosophical aphorisms, aphorisms, and quatrains. Some well-known words of wisdom will be remembered by students for a long time. A graduate wrote to his middle school teacher and said that the teacher's words, "Making a difference is the highest state of life" left a deep impression on him and made her not give up despite setbacks.

4. Emphasis on fun, humor and humor. Plain, monotonous and boring language cannot arouse students' interest and positive thinking. However, interesting language has special functions and uses widely circulated jokes and allusions to regulate and stimulate students' thinking. Can get better results.