Huangdi Neijing is called Neijing for short. At present, it is generally believed that it is not the work of a certain period or a certain person, but is made up of many medical books from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties for hundreds of years, and most of its contents were formed in the Warring States Period. As for the explanation of "what the Yellow Emperor did", as analyzed in "Huai Nan Zi Xiu Wu Xun", it is because "secular people respect the ancient times and despise the present, and those who are Taoist must entrust Shennong and the Yellow Emperor before they can speak. At that time, there were more than 20 kinds of books named after the Yellow Emperor, and Neijing was one of them.
Neijing reflects the medical achievements before Qin and Han dynasties, establishes the unique theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and plays a foundation and guiding role in the development of traditional Chinese medicine. Many works of physicians in past dynasties were based on the Internal Classic, and most academic theories of various medical schools in history came from the Internal Classic. Therefore, Neijing is a medicine, which has always been a compulsory teaching material for Chinese medicine teaching in history and is still a compulsory main course in modern Chinese medicine colleges.
Today, a set of basic theories followed by Chinese medicine is mainly developed from Neijing. Even some research topics of contemporary medicine, such as life science, qigong principle, meridian essence, medical psychology, meteorology and so on. , more or less can get new discoveries or beneficial enlightenment from its extensive and profound exposition. Neijing consists of 9 volumes of Suwen and 9 volumes of Lingshu, each with 8 1 theme, and its content is very extensive, gradually forming a unique theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine, which permeates all aspects of traditional Chinese medicine to explain human physiological and pathological phenomena and guide the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Theory of zang-fu organs and meridians: On the basis of long-term medical practice, living observation and ancient anatomical knowledge, Neijing discusses the physiological functions and pathological changes of human organs, tissues and organs, as well as their mutual connection and mutual restriction through meridian communication.
Disease theory: it includes five aspects: evil theory, etiology and pathogenesis, disease transmission and symptoms, accounting for most of the length of Neijing. On the theory of evil and righteousness, Neijing emphasizes that "righteousness exists inside, and evil cannot be done." Etiology, talked about six lewdness, seven emotions, diet, injuries and so on. Pathogenesis analysis is also very detailed, especially "pathogenesis 19", which still has great guiding significance in clinic.
Regarding the transmission and change of diseases, Neijing summarized the aspects of yin and yang, internal and external factors, cold and heat, excess and deficiency, which gave great enlightenment to later physicians. According to preliminary statistics, the book also focuses on the etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and prevention of more than 200 diseases, laying a foundation for the development of clinical disciplines in later generations.
Diagnostic theory: the main contents of the diagnostic methods in Neijing are looking, smelling, asking, feeling pulse, especially pulse-feeling, and it is emphasized that "four diagnoses combined with reference is the source of diagnostic methods in traditional Chinese medicine." Theory of preventing diseases: A set of therapeutic principles are put forward, such as preventing diseases, treating both symptoms and root causes, strengthening body resistance and eliminating pathogens, tonifying deficiency and purging excess, and regulating yin and yang. It also summarizes many treatment methods, such as acupuncture, massage, dredging, fumigation, external application, steam bath, bloodletting and so on. In particular, many techniques of acupuncture are still in use today.
Luck theory: The main content is included in the seven works of Su Wen, focusing on the changing laws of natural climate on human physiology and pathology, and trying to guide people to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages and prevent and treat diseases according to these laws.
Health-preserving theory: Under the guidance of the overall concept of "harmony between man and nature, unity of form and spirit", Neijing puts forward a series of health-preserving methods to prevent diseases, keep fit and prolong life, such as coordinating yin and yang, eating moderately, living regularly, being indifferent to emptiness and quietness, and hiding spirit, among which the idea of "prevention is more important than cure" is particularly valuable.
To sum up, we can see the position and function of Neijing in China traditional medicine. With the emergence of various versions, more and more countries in the world pay attention to it.
The full name of the classic is The Yellow Emperor's Eighty-one Classic, and the original author is Qin Yueren (Bian Que). At present, most scholars believe that it was written during the Qin and Han Dynasties, or at least before the Eastern Han Dynasty, after a long period of constant revision and supplement. The book explains 8 1 meridians, viscera, disease diagnosis and other issues in the form of difficult problems. The specific contents are: 1 ~ 22 difficulty, upper pulse; Difficulties 23 ~ 29, on meridians; 30 th to 47 th difficulty, visceral; 48 ~ 6 1 difficulty, getting sick; Difficulty 62 to 68, on acupoints; 69 ~ 8 1 difficulty, acupuncture.
"Difficult Classics" not only interprets the subtle meaning of "Neijing", but also gives full play to wisdom and sets an example for future generations to learn, and has many original opinions. For example, it is the first time to take an inch of mouth alone and measure it by inch, which is still in use today, which is a major feature of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis. This paper systematically discusses the circulation and function of eight strange meridians, which makes up for the deficiency of meridian theory in Neijing. He put forward the theory of triple energizer and Mingmen, which are different from Neijing, and both of them have had a far-reaching impact on the academic development of traditional Chinese medicine.
Therefore, the Summary of Sikuquanshu is called "the same name as Lingshu and Suwen since ancient times, and it is still regarded as an important classic medical book of traditional Chinese medicine.