China is one of the birthplaces of mankind. The ancestors of the Chinese nation have worked, lived and multiplied in this vast land since ancient times, from Yuanmou people, Lantian people to Beijingers, showing the evolution process of the earliest ancestors of the Chinese nation. A large number of archaeological cultural remains also illustrate the diversity of the origin of the Chinese nation.

As early as the Neolithic Age five or six thousand years ago, there were three different system characteristics: North, Central Plains and South. However, Huaxia, Yi, Sanmiao and other ethnic groups are developing the Yellow River basin, the eastern coast and the Yangtze River basin, or later, the nationalities such as Di, Qiang and Rong are developing the northwest and west, the nationalities such as Pu and Yue are developing the south of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the nationalities such as Di and Xiongnu are developing the northern grassland area, and the nationalities such as Su and Donghu are developing the northeast area.

With the development of economy and culture in these areas and the strengthening of ties with the Central Plains, the foundation has been laid for the formation of a unified multi-ethnic country.

In 22 1 BC, Qin Shihuang ended the 800-year-old vassal regime from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States, and established a unified, multi-ethnic and centralized feudal country. Since then, for more than two thousand years, reunification has been consolidated and developed, becoming the mainstream and essence of China's historical development. Because the Han nationality has the largest population in the Chinese nation, they have also established the most central dynasties.

These dynasties were supported by ethnic minorities. Xiongnu, Xianbei, Tubo, Uighur, Khitan, Nuzhen, Mongolia, Manchu and other ethnic groups have also established political power in some areas and even the whole country, and all ethnic groups have contributed to the formation and development of a unified multi-ethnic country.