Next stop on Beibao Mountain: Poetry begins with a antithesis, which is both beautiful and free. "Hakka Road" refers to the way the author wants to go. "Castle Peak" refers to "Beigushan". By boat, the author is walking towards the "green water" in front of him, towards the "green hill" and towards the distant "guest road" outside the "green hill". This couplet is written "Visiting the Road" first, and then "Sailing". His wandering feelings in Jiangnan and Shenchi's hometown have been revealed between the lines, thinking about the "hometown book" and "returning to geese" at the end of the couplet. "Widening the banks until the low tide" and "Widening" in Zhuan Xu are the results of "ebb and flow". The spring tide is surging and the river is vast. Looking around, the river seems to be flat with the shore, which broadens the horizons of the people on board. This sentence is very grand, and the next sentence "No wind stirs my lonely sail" is even more exciting. "Hanging" means hanging straight from one end to the other. The poet uses "the wind is right" instead of "smooth sailing" because "smooth sailing" alone is not enough to ensure "sailing" Although the wind was smooth, it was strong and the sails bulged into an arc. Only under the condition of downwind and breeze can the sail be "hung". The word "positive" includes both "shun" and "harmony". Xiao Jing is quite vivid in this sentence. But not only that, as Wang Fuzhi pointed out, the beauty of this poem is that it "conveys the god of the big scene with a small scene" (Jiang Zhai's poetic remarks). It is conceivable that if you sail in a winding river, you always have to turn. Such a small scene is rare. If you sail in the Three Gorges, even if it is calm, it will still surge. Such a small scene is rare. The beauty of this poem lies in that through the small scene of "stirring a lonely sail without wind", it also shows the big scenes of Ye Ping's opening, great rivers and calm waters. When you watch the third part, you will know that the author will sail at the end of the year. The tide is flat without waves, smooth but not fierce. At close range, the river is green, while at a distance, the banks are open. This is obviously a mysterious night, revealing the breath of spring everywhere. A person sails slowly and feels that it has reached the end of the night. These triple, is the performance of rowing on the river, is about to dawn. This couplet has always been very popular, saying, "... the night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness", which is rare among poets. Zhang (Zhang) wrote the title of "Government Affairs Hall", and every time he showed his ability and made it a model. "("He Ling Ji ") Hu Yinglin in the Ming Dynasty said in the poem" Internal Compilation "that the couplet" Hai Ri ""describes the scenery, which is amazing through the ages ". When the night has not subsided, a red sun has risen from the sea; The old year has not passed, and the river has shown spring. "Day after day" and "spring into the old year" both indicate the alternation of time series, and they are in such a hurry. How can this not make the poet who walks on the "guest road" homesick? These two sentences are also very kung fu. The author regards "the sun" and "spring" as symbols of new beautiful things from the perspective of refinement, emphasizes them by referring to the position of the subject, personifies them with words such as "life" and "ru", and endows them with human will and emotion. The beauty is that the author has no intention of reasoning, but he has a natural interest in reasoning when describing landscapes and festivals. The sea is born in the dead of night, which will drive away the darkness; Jiang Chun, the "spring" of river scenery, will break into the old year and drive away the severe winter. It not only depicts the scene truly and accurately, but also shows the universal truth of life, giving people optimistic, positive and upward artistic inspiration. This sentence is similar to "Qian Fan on the edge of a sunken ship, Wan Muchun in front of a sick tree". The sea is rising, and spring is budding. The poet puts the boat on the green water and continues to sail to the guest road outside Qingshan. At this time, a flock of geese returning to the north are walking through the clear sky. The geese are about to pass through Luoyang! The poet remembered the story of "The Goose Feet Pass the Book", so I'd better send a message to the Goose: Geese, please give my regards to your family when you fly over Luoyang. These two sentences are closely linked, and the whole article is shrouded in a faint homesickness. [3] This poem is about the spring scenery on both sides of the strait when the author went boating at the foot of Beishan Mountain in late winter and early spring. Write about overlapping green hills, winding paths, rippling blue waves and canoes first. "Until the bank at low tide widens, there is no wind to stir my lonely sail" depicts the magnificence and heroism of the poets in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River ... "Tonight gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts into the clear spring" is a well-known sentence, which depicts the scene and joy in the process of alternating day and night in winter and spring, thus evoking the homesickness of the last sentence and expressing the author's longing for the hometown of Guiyan, and spring and homesickness blend harmoniously. In a word, this poem describes the poet's homesickness caused by boating eastward, stopping at the foot of Gubei Mountain, seeing the tide flat and the wide shore, and returning to the geese at night, which integrates scenery, lyric and reason. The whole poem is harmonious and beautiful, full of fun. It is a masterpiece of the ages.
Spring Tour of Qiantang River: The spring tour of Qiantang River vividly depicts the beautiful scenery that the poet saw when he walked around the West Lake in early spring, and it is a hymn to the beautiful spring and the West Lake. The first poem sticks to the theme and always writes about the lake. The previous sentence points out the location of Qiantang Lake and the surrounding "uneven towers". The use of two place names gives readers a sense of movement, indicating that the poet is walking and watching. On the front of the latter sentence, the lake is as bright as water: at the beginning of spring, the water surface is flush with the embankment, and the white clouds in the air are connected with the rippling waves on the lake, which is a typical water state of Jiangnan Spring Lake. Zhuan Xu wrote about birds seen from looking up. Yingying is singing and swallows are dancing, showing the vitality of spring. Both the oriole and the swallow are messengers of spring, and the oriole sends the good news of spring back to the earth with its euphemistic and smooth voice. Swallows wear flowers and paste water, build nests with mud, and encourage people to start working in spring. The word "several places" summarizes Ying Ge's call to the other and the poet's modality of seeking sound from left to right. The doubt about the word "whose family" shows the poet's delicate psychological activities and makes readers have rich associations. Writing with a neckband overlooks the flowers and plants you see. Because it's early spring, and it's not the season for flowers to bloom, what we see is not colorful flowers, but a cluster of flowers in the east and a cluster in the west, which is described by the word "chaos". Spring grass does not grow luxuriantly, only it is not as long as horseshoe, so it is described by a word "shallow". The "gradual desire" and "talent" in this association are also the feelings and judgments of the poet's observation and appreciation, which makes the objective natural scenery become the scenery in the eyes with the poet's subjective feelings and infect readers. These two couplets describe the scenery of the West Lake in detail, and express Yingying Yan's new arrival with "early", "new", "struggle" and "pecking". Using "chaos", "shallowness", "gradual desire" and "talent" to describe the thriving trend of flowers and plants accurately and vividly reveals the early spring weather that the poet felt while walking, giving people a fresh feeling. The previous generation poet Xie Lingyun's phrase "Spring grass grows in the pond, and willow in the garden turns into songbirds" ("Pond Upstairs") is wonderful in ancient and modern times, precisely because he wrote the joy of love at first sight when the four seasons change. The above two couplets of Qiantang Spring Tour are quite similar in artistic conception, but the white poems are more widely spread. William wrote about the poet's favorite sandbar in the east of the lake. Qiantang Lake, which runs through Bai Causeway, is located in the east of the lake and can win the whole lake. I saw that under the shade of Populus cathayana, the flat and slender white sand embankment was lying in the blue waves, and the people riding on the embankment were knitting and enjoying the beauty of spring. In the meantime, the poet enjoyed the lakes and mountains and was relaxed and happy. "Lack of line" shows that the natural scenery is beautiful, the poet is still lingering, and the concentrated and full feelings give readers endless aftertaste. In the history of China, many famous people have been studying history in Hangzhou, a paradise. But the most famous are Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo, two great writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties. They not only left their achievements in Hangzhou, but also circulated many poems describing the beauty of Hangzhou and its West Lake, so some people called them "romantic satrap". Bai Juyi's "Spring Tour in Qiantang" is a well-known one. This poem not only depicts the charming spring scenery of the West Lake and the vitality of everything bathed in spring scenery, but also tells the whole story of the poet himself intoxicated with this beautiful scenery, which makes people deeply moved by the author's attitude towards spring and spring while enjoying the intoxicating scenery of the West Lake. "Gushan Temple is north of Jiating West, and the water level is low." The first sentence of the poem is the place, and the second sentence is the vision. The lonely mountain is located between the back lake and the outer lake of the West Lake, with overlapping peaks and emerald green hills, and there is a lonely mountain temple on it, which is beautiful to climb and see. Jia Ting, also known as Jia Gongting, was published in Tang Yulin for six years. During the Zhenyuan period, when Jia Quan was appointed as a historian in Hangzhou, he built a pavilion in the West Lake. The clothes rack is called Jiagongting, which will not be abandoned after 50 or 60 years. Zhenyuan is the national title of Tang Dezong, from 780 to 805. When Bai Juyi wrote this poem, his pavilion was still there and it was also a scenic spot in the West Lake. At first, Bai Juyi came to the north of Gushan Temple and the west of Jiagongting. Looking around, I saw spring water rippling, clouds hanging low, lakes and mountains. Chuping expresses Bai Juyi's unique feelings about the West Lake in spring. Due to the continuous spring rain, today's lake looks much higher than in winter, and seems to be at the same level as the line of sight. This feeling that the water surface is flush with the line of sight is only possible for people facing the vast water surface, and it is also a feeling that can be written by people who have a deep understanding and love for the West Lake. At this moment, the calm water at the foot and the low-hanging cloud curtain in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake. When the poet was silently watching the virgin charm of the West Lake, the crisp birdsong came from his ear, which broke his meditation, so he withdrew his eyes from the intersection of water and clouds and found that he was actually in a beautiful world full of spring. "A few early warblers compete for warm trees, and young swallows peck at spring mud. Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes. " These four sentences are the core of Bai Juyi's poem, which is also the most striking sentence, and also the finishing touch of Bai's poems describing spring scenery, especially the spring scenery of the West Lake. A few places, that is, a few places, or even many places. Using "early" to describe orioles shows Bai Juyi's sincere love for these little life full of vitality: orioles in the trees are busy grabbing the "warm tree" that first sees the sun in the morning, for fear that they will not catch up soon. The word "struggle" makes people feel that spring is rare and precious. I don't know whose swallow is under the eaves. At this time, it is also busy making a nest with mud, and uses a word "peck" to describe the busy and excited expression of the swallow, which seems to bring life to the swallow. These two sentences deliberately describe the dynamics of Yingying Yanyan, thus making the whole poem full of vitality and vitality in spring. Huang oriole is recognized as a spring singer. Listening to their euphemistic voices makes people feel the charm of spring. Swallows are migratory birds. They returned to their hometown with spring, busy rebuilding their homes and welcoming a new life. Watching them fly around building nests makes people feel the beauty of life even more. After anthropomorphic description of the birds in the sky, Bai Juyi turned his eyes to the vegetation under his feet. "Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes." This is also an emotional and energetic description of the scenery, which fully shows Bai Juyi's careful observation of the object of description and accurate grasp of its characteristics. As far as flowers are concerned, they are chaotic and even confuse the eyes of flower watchers. In other people's poems, this kind of writing is rare, and this unique feeling is just Bai Juyi's personal experience when enjoying the scenery of the West Lake. Colorful flowers are blooming all over Shan Ye. Against the backdrop of lakes and mountains, Bai Juyi has no idea where to look and how to tell the difference between them. The phrase "flowers are getting more and more charming" means to stop and look closely, while "shallow grass can't have horseshoes" is already an outing on horseback. It is a pleasant thing to travel freely with two or three friends by the West Lake, where the grass grows and the flowers bloom. The horse seems to be aware of the relaxed and carefree interest of its owner on its back. Slowly, the poet inadvertently caught a glimpse of the scene of horseshoe ups and downs on the grass, which was particularly interesting. He couldn't help writing it into his own poem. Unexpectedly, it was a random stroke, but it added a lot of lively interest and elegant leisure to the whole poem. Belinsky, a famous aesthete, once said: "In any case, beauty emanates from the depths of the soul, because natural scenery cannot be absolutely beautiful, and this beauty is hidden in the souls of those who create or observe them." Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang just illustrates this aesthetic of truth. Because no matter how beautiful the scenery of the West Lake is, there will be some unsatisfactory places, but in Bai Juyi's eyes, it is undoubtedly the most beautiful scenery in the world, because he is not only good at observing, but also good at discovering and experiencing. Nowadays, we often feel that it is better to visit the scenery than to listen to it, or to listen to friends' introductions, or in film and television scenery films. When we hear and see beautiful scenery, we can't help but feel infinite yearning. However, once we get there, we often feel that it is far from what we imagined. This is because we can't look at the natural landscape with the eyes of discovery and appreciation, but we should travel with preconceived, excessive and even some critical eyes. Imagine how many wonderful spring scenery the West Lake has shown people through the ages. How many people have witnessed the spring scenery of Xizi Lake? But in the end, I can only recite a few works by several great poets. Isn't it only when the great writer Su Like Dongpo comes that the West Lake will proudly show her amazing beauty? Birds in the West Lake will not "warm trees" and "peck at spring mud" until they meet the great poet Bai Juyi. In fact, no matter when and where, the West Lake is the most beautiful. Do we also know the famous saying: "To compare the West Lake to the West Lake, it is always appropriate to wear heavy makeup." Bai Juyi has such a rare aesthete's appreciation eye that he can find its moving place among countless tourists in the West Lake and truly enjoy this paradise on earth given by nature. Bai Juyi didn't see many "early warblers" and "new swallows", only "several places" and only "whose home". If so, we may feel sorry that we didn't smell the sound of warblers everywhere and that every family smelled of swallows. We wish we had come ten and a half days late. However, Bai Juyi doesn't think so. There are few advantages. It is because of scarcity that "early warbler" and "new swallow" feel the joy of spring. If the poet doesn't have a young heart and a heart that loves life and spring, I'm afraid he won't be moved and intoxicated by these spring herald newspapers, but will happily write this touching poem. It is precisely because of this that he can smell the flowers and plants, see the beautiful scenery of the fragrant grass, be fascinated by the wild flowers dotted everywhere, and sigh for the grass that has not crossed the horseshoe. When you think about it, the grass without horseshoes is actually the most common. There is no need to rush to Xizi Lake to see this lawn in spring, but it can be found in our street green space. However, I am afraid that there is a striking sign between us and the lawn: "Please don't trample on the lawn". Therefore, the closeness between everything and nature has become a serious warning in an instant. Nowadays, people in cities are indifferent to natural landscapes rather than artificial ones. However, Bai Juyi is lucky, because he has a pair of eyes to discover beauty and spring, so he can't help but even linger on the beautiful scenery of the West Lake: "I love the lack of lake in the east and the white sand embankment in the shade of Qingyang." Baisha dike, that is, Bai Causeway, is also called sand dike or broken bridge dike. The West Lake is surrounded by mountains on three sides, and Bai Causeway runs through it. On the east side of the lake, it commands the victory of the whole lake. When Bai Juyi was a historian in Hangzhou, he did build dikes to store water and irrigate people's fields. However, his levee is north of Qiantangmen, but later generations mistook Bai Causeway for a levee built for nothing. This poem is like a short and pithy travelogue, starting from Gushan and Jiating and ending in Hudong and Bai Causeway. Along the way, in the paradise-like beauty, I sang and danced to my heart's content, intoxicated by the flowers and birds. Finally, I walked back step by step along the white sand embankment and under the Liu Yin, and reluctantly left. My ears are still echoing the hymn of spring played by everything, and I can't help but shed a beautiful poem "Qiantang Spring Tour" full of natural integration. In fact, Bai Juyi's keen observation and experience of spring or beautiful things expressed in this poem is very common among many ancient poets. Only in this way can they, like Bai Juyi, find it with joy when they first arrive in spring, be moved by it, stimulate their desire to create, write touching poems and leave rich aesthetic enjoyment for future generations. Like Bai Juyi, he won't feel sorry because there are only a few orioles singing in the tree and only a few swallows nesting under the eaves. On the contrary, he will feel that the pace of spring is getting closer and closer, and he will feel very happy, thus writing such a touching poem as "Several early birds fight for the warmth of the tree, and whose new swallow pecks at the new mud". There are many examples The predecessors said that "Lotte's poems are full of emotions, enter people's liver and spleen, follow things, and are full of places" (Wang Ruoxu's "Xunnan Poems"), and "Lotte's poems are extremely simple and lovely, and often take what is in front of them as what others have not said" (Tian Wen's "Ancient Tang Huanji"). The language of this poem is simple, fresh and natural, for personal use. The name of Bai Juyi's poem is very meaningful. At that time, Bai Juyi lived in Chang 'an, "it is not easy to live in the capital", and Bai Juyi's name means that a talented person like him can live in Chang 'an for nothing, which also shows his pride.
Qiu Si in Tianjingsha: The first two sentences, "The withered vine and the old tree faint crow, the small bridge flowing water", give people a cold and gloomy atmosphere, and show a fresh and quiet realm. The old vines here give people a bleak feeling, and it is already evening. Small bridges and flowing water make people feel relaxed and happy. 12 calligraphy and painting create a quiet pastoral scenery in late autumn. The ancient road became thinner with the west wind, and the poet described a bleak and desolate artistic conception of autumn wind, adding another layer of desolation to the quiet rural map. The setting sun adds a bit of bleak light to this bleak picture and deepens the sad atmosphere. The poet skillfully connects ten plain and objective scenes in series, and naturally puts the poet's infinite worries in the picture through words such as withered, old, light, ancient, western and thin. In the last sentence, heartbroken people are the crowning touch in the horizon. At this time, a wandering wanderer appeared on the picture of the country in late autumn. On the desolate ancient road at sunset, he walked with a thin horse in the biting autumn wind, heartbroken, but he didn't know where his home was, revealing the poet's sad feelings and expressing the theme appropriately. This poem takes a sentimental attitude. Similar to this song is Du Fu's poem "Where petals flow like tears, lonely birds sing their grief".