First, understand the characteristics of the combination of science and literature in scientific sketches.

Second, master the methods of quotation and explanation, as well as the comprehensive application of expression.

Third, understanding? All the strange phenomena in the desert can actually be explained by scientific reasons? The truth.

Teaching focus:

First, the characteristics of scientific sketch.

Second, the comprehensive application of explanation and quotation.

Third, the comprehensive use of expressions.

Teaching difficulties:

Can scientifically explain the strange phenomena in the desert, understand? All the strange phenomena in the desert can actually be explained by scientific reasons? The truth.

Teaching methods:

Experiment, guide and discuss.

Teaching time:

Two class hours

first kind

Teaching process:

First, review of expository knowledge: classification-things, things This article belongs to expository (scientific sketches)

Common explanation methods: examples, figures, metaphors, definitions, explanations, classifications, comparisons, charts, quotations, etc.

Second, experiment.

Fill the cup with water and put a chopstick in the middle. Please explain the bending phenomenon of chopsticks and explain the reasons with physical knowledge.

Physical knowledge of refraction and reflection of light. Refraction: When light enters another medium from one medium, its propagation direction will change.

Introduction: In the desert? Phantom? You can also explain it with the above knowledge. Please read the full text carefully and then explain it in your own words? Devil's Sea? 、? Phantom? 、? Yinsha? And other phenomena. Students think about the above questions.

Fourth, discuss and answer.

Clear:

1, mirage: the desert floor is exposed to the cool sunshine in summer, and the temperature difference between the upper and lower air is very large. In addition, the refraction and reflection of light make people have an illusion, leading to the formation of? Phantom? .

2. Singing sand: The sand on the desert surface is small and dry, which contains most of the time. After the sand is scorched by the sun, it will make a sound when it is rubbed by the wind or people's walking and moving.

Reflections on verbs (abbreviation of verb);

1. What conclusion does the author draw from the explanation of this phenomenon?

Conclusion: All the strange phenomena in the desert can actually be explained by scientific reasons.

2. How does the author explain things? How to explain it?

Interpretation: Explain the status, nature, characteristics and reasons of things in popular language.

Citation: Cite literature, famous sayings and folk proverbs. To explain the characteristics of things.

Second lesson

Teaching process:

First, review the old and learn the new: review the content of the last class. Question: Classification of expository texts, commonly used interpretation methods, conclusions, etc.

Second, answer thinking questions.

(1) Conclusion: All strange phenomena in the desert can actually be explained by scientific reasons.

Point out the topic and collect the whole article.

(2) Paragraph 4: Explain the desert by quoting the French monk? Phantom? The cause of the phenomenon.

Ask questions to explain the time and place of the phenomenon, describe the phenomenon and explain the reasons (quote and explain)

The fifth paragraph: explain it with the author's own experience and feelings? Yinsha? The cause of the phenomenon.

Introduce the place and shape (description) of the transition, describe the personal experience and explain the reasons (explanation, quotation)

Third, read 1-3 paragraphs, summarize the contents and think about why these paragraphs are needed.

Quote what you have seen and heard and explain why modern people are unimpeded (compare)

Contrast and enhance the image with narrative language.

Learn the first part of the text.

1. Read the first part of the text silently with questions.

2. Realization of the problem

(1) Why not introduce two strange phenomena in the desert at the beginning of the article, and what's the use of quoting stories of people who fell in the desert themselves in ancient books?

Arouse readers' interest in reading, arouse the following, and enhance the artistry of the article.

② In the desert? Ghosts? Why didn't people who crossed the desert after liberation encounter similar things?

Personnel identity: staff of the Ministry of Geology, the Ministry of Petroleum and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

This implies that strange phenomena can be correctly explained in front of scientific workers.

Learn the second part of the text

Please read the text aloud.

2. Read the text silently and discuss in groups

⑴? Devil's Sea? What is the concrete manifestation of this strange desert phenomenon? (Summarize in your own words)

At noon in summer, when people in the desert were thirsty, they suddenly saw a big lake with blue water in it. It doesn't look very far, but it is? Out of reach? Yes

⑵ Find out the scientific explanation of this phenomenon in the text and answer it in your own words.

See the text for details. Just guide the students to answer in their own words and pay attention to the following elements: formation conditions, principles, etc.

⑶? Devil's Sea? And then what? Phantom? Are the causes of the phenomenon exactly the same? why

Not exactly the same. Devil's Sea: The temperature near the ground is one or two meters higher than that above, and the blue sky is reflected on the ground.

Mirage: The temperature above is higher than below, and the distant ground scene is reflected in the air.

⑷? In the desert, not only light can cause harm, but also sound can cause harm? What is the function of a sentence in a paragraph?

Progressive sentences, connecting the preceding with the following, lead to more strangeness? Sound? The study of phenomena.

5] Brief summary? Yinsha? The performance of the phenomenon?

In Mingsha Mountain in Ningxia, when people roll down the slope, the sand will make a thunderous noise.

[6] Is it right to summarize the textbook in one sentence? Yinsha? The cause of the phenomenon.

Fine sand contains a lot of time. After the sand is scorched by the sun, it moves and rubs when the wind blows or people move, making a sound.

Four, writing characteristics:

1, the comprehensive application of various expressions:

Combination of explanation and narration. Scientific sketches are both scientific in general discussion and vivid in literary works. Therefore, it is required to comprehensively use a variety of expressions to express scientific content with literary brushwork.

2. Comprehensive use of explanatory notes, citation notes and other interpretation methods.

Explain one by one, so that the causal conditions are sufficient, the logic is strict, and it is easy to be understood and accepted.

Citation can not only enrich the content of the article, but also highlight the center of the article.

3. The language is accurate, thorough and vivid.

(1) use scientific terms to explain accurately and concisely, such as refraction and reflection.

The vivid description and proper use of idioms enhance the vividness, vividness and interest of language.

Rhetorical devices: questions, quotations, figurative idioms: single-handedly, castles in the air, grotesque, joyful, etc.

Verb (short for verb) Homework:

1, and complete the corresponding basic training exercises.

2. essay: phenomena in life (it is required to imitate the writing method of this article and make a scientific explanation of a phenomenon in life)

Strange phenomena in the desert excellent teaching plan II;

Analyze the content of the text and learn the basic structure and common explanation methods of simple explanation.

2. Guide students to understand the strange phenomena in the desert and stimulate students' curiosity to explain the laws of natural phenomena by scientific methods. 3. Using information technology to guide students to use network resources, browse related web pages and solve scientific problems independently.

Teaching focus:

Use network resources, browse related web pages, and independently solve scientific difficult teaching design ideas; Are the strange phenomena in the desert our school's? The application of information technology in Chinese teaching? An attempt to study a topic, based on the topic? The teacher gives the website, determines the topic, and lets the students discuss and solve the learning problems after browsing? Requirements.

Teaching methods:

Using network technology to carry out multimedia teaching

Teaching implementation:

First,? Reasonable explanation? Explanation of unit subject words.

Second, the topic explanation:

The first time I met a desert network link, I showed a related picture of the desert.

First, the magical Taklimakan (bird's eye view of the desert, sand sea scenery, magnificent scenery, spring of life, desert creatures, spring scenery of the vast sea),

B, the ugly side of the desert (sandstorm http://202.84.17.11/ssjj/bjsha/huigu.htm)

Second, introduce the current situation and causes of desert and other related knowledge.

Zhu Kezhen marched into the desert again.

Third, a brief analysis of the text:

The students taught themselves the first part of the text.

1. Read the first part of the text with questions.

2. Realization of the problem

(1) Why not introduce two strange phenomena in the desert at the beginning of the article, and what's the use of quoting stories of people who fell in the desert themselves in ancient books?

② In the desert? Ghosts? Why didn't people who crossed the desert after liberation encounter similar things? (Combine the text with your own understanding)

Secondly, analyze the second part of the text.

Please read the text aloud.

2. Read the text by yourself and discuss it in groups.

⑴? Devil's Sea? What is the concrete manifestation of this strange desert phenomenon? (Summarize in your own words)

⑵ Find out the scientific explanation of this phenomenon in the text and answer it in your own words.

⑶? Devil's Sea? And then what? Phantom? Are the causes of the phenomenon exactly the same? why

⑷? In the desert, not only light can cause harm, but also sound can cause harm? What is the function of a sentence in a paragraph?

5] Brief summary? Yinsha? The performance of the phenomenon?

[6] Is it right to summarize the textbook in one sentence? Yinsha? The cause of the phenomenon.

Fourth, the transfer and extension of the curriculum:

First of all, put forward relevant thinking questions.

1. Is the text used to analyze the reasons for sand singing? According to some experts? This sentence seems to have been written at 196 1 Zhu Kezhen, but the real reason for the phenomenon of singing sand has not been determined. You can look it up online and solve it.

You must know the story that Yu Cunshun, an explorer, was trapped in no man's land in Hoh Xil, right? The desert is so desolate that you can't see a bird in the air and a beast on the ground? . The desert is full of magical colors and endless crises for human beings, and there are certain rules to follow to survive in the desert. Read the following text, check the relevant information on the internet and complete the topic independently. Explain the reasons for the choice in concise language (see appendix)

Internet operation, browsing related web pages, and solving problems in groups.

Fourth, answer relevant thinking questions.

V. Decoration work:

1, will it? Survival in the desert? Write a paragraph explaining the reasons for the choice.

2. 196 1, Zhu Kezhen said at the end of the article "March into the desert": From some situations described above, it can be clearly recognized that the lofty ideal of human conquest of the desert will become a reality more quickly. We will be able to gradually turn the desert into cultivated land and pasture to serve the people. ? After more than forty years, what is the status quo of the desert? Did Zhu Kezhen's wish come true? I met him online.

3. After class, teach yourself "Marching into the Desert" and other information about the desert, and compile a special issue of the class newspaper "Half acre square pond" in groups? Exploring the sand sea?

Appendix: Desert Survival

First, the content of the case.

1. In the hot August, your small plane crashed in the Sahara desert, and its fuselage was seriously damaged and will be burned.

You only have fifteen minutes to get your things from the plane before it burns.

3. Question: If you can only choose five out of the fifteen air crashes. Considering the desert situation, according to the importance of items, how would you choose? Please explain why.

Second, the desert situation.

1, the position of the plane cannot be determined, except that the nearest town is a coal mine town 70 kilometers away.

2. In the desert, the daytime temperature is 40℃, and the nighttime temperature drops to 15℃ at any time.

Third, suppose

1, the number of survivors on the plane is the same as your group. You are dressed lightly, only wearing short-sleeved T-shirts, jeans, sweatpants and sports shoes. Everyone has a handkerchief.

2. The whole group should advance and retreat together.

3. Everything on board is in good condition.

Four. List of projects (please select the five most important projects from the following fifteen projects)

1, a flashing signal lamp (with four batteries built in) 2, a saber 3, a desert area flight map 4, seven large plastic raincoats 5, a compass 6, a small measuring box (with thermometer, barometer, rain gauge, etc.). ) 7, a 45 caliber pistol (with bullets) 8, three parachutes (with red and white patterns) 9. 10, ten gallons of drinking water 1 1, cosmetic mirror 12, seven pairs of sunglasses 13, two gallons of vodka 14, seven pieces of thick clothes 15, and an encyclopedia of desert animals.

March 2004

The largest desert in the world.

The Sahara desert turned out to be a grassland oasis!

? Sahara? What does it mean in Arabic? Nothing? . However, according to research, it was not that there was nothing here a long time ago, but? Is it a lot? . Archaeologists have found some large riverbeds in this desert, as well as some fish bones and biological remains. It tells us that in ancient times, the whole of North Africa was an ocean. Some explorers predict that there are many remains of marine life under the desert, which have now turned into oil. Sure enough, in 1936, abundant oil fields were discovered in the northern Sahara. This shows that if it is always a desert, there will be no rich oil. There's one in eastern Sahara called? Uh, Acer? Plateau, in the local dialect, uh, Acer? Is it? A terrace with many rivers? . The fossils of oak and cedar found by geologists there prove that these trees grew here about 6500 years ago. However, the most convincing is the mural found in the Zabarian Valley in the middle of the Sahara. There are more than 5,000 murals, including lifelike giraffes, flying antelopes, slow-moving bulls, elephants and hippos, hunters with bows and arrows, girls sitting quietly, masked actors and strange gods, as well as labor and dance scenes. The smallest mural is only a few centimeters square, and the highest is one or twenty meters. Most of them are marked with germanium red and then painted with various colors. Although exposed to the sun for a long time, the color is not legs. This vividly reflected the colorful life and developed culture and art at that time, which would be unimaginable without a certain economic level. It also shows that the Sahara more than 6,000 years ago was by no means an arid desert, but a fertile soil with mild climate, abundant rainfall and green vegetation.

So, what caused the oasis to become a desert?