The literary knowledge to be mastered in the senior high school entrance examination mainly includes the common sense of novels, essays, poems and plays, as well as the important writers and works involved in the basic course text.
In real life, reading appreciation of novels, essays and other literary styles is particularly important, so mastering literary knowledge of several genres is the basis of reading.
1. Knowledge of novels, essays, poems and plays.
The three elements of a novel are a typical character, a complete story and a specific environment.
The description methods of shaping characters include portrait description, psychological description, action description, language description and detail description.
The plot of the novel includes the beginning, development, * * * and ending.
The environment of the novel includes social environment and natural environment.
Prose can be divided into narrative prose and lyric prose. Prose is characterized by "scattered form but not spirit". When reading prose, we should pay attention to grasping the clues of the article.
The knowledge of the above genres should be based on the appendix of the knowledge essay in the textbook. (Talk about novels, prose, how to read poems, and drama literature)
2. Understanding of the works of important writers
This knowledge should be based on the contents of textbook notes, and important writers can expand their works and achievements appropriately.
Memorize the author's name, official position, font size, nationality and representative works of the text. The writing of specific words should be based on the textbook. In the review, this kind of knowledge can be reviewed in a list.
2. Literature common sense of senior high school entrance examination
The novel "The Water Margin" has created many heroic images, and one of the characters that impressed you most is Song Wu.
The story that he (she) beat Jiang Menshen to death is a household name. (Hebei senior high school entrance examination in 2004) 2. Do you know who Lu Tihai saved in the wild pig forest after saving Jin's father and daughter in Water Margin? Can you also summarize a story about the rescued person? Please fill in the blanks below.
Rescued: _ _ _ _ _ _ Lin Chong _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Story name: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ In 2004, there was a hero in the romance of the Three Kingdoms. He once killed Hua Xiong with warm wine, rode thousands of miles alone, scraped bones and treated poison, and was honored as the "warrior sage" of China by later generations. This hero is (B) A Zhao Yun, B Guan Yu, C Zhang Fei, D Ma Chao II, who made an investigation with couplets, antithetical sentences and two-part allegorical sayings.
(2 points) ① writing ghosts and writing demons is superior, and stabbing greed and stabbing abuse is three points. (2) The Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves wash away the heroes.
Success or failure turns empty: the green hills are still there, and the sunset is a few degrees red. 2. Please complete the following celebrity couplets according to the foreign classics read after class.
Part I: Struggle for Destiny and Play a Tragic Music (Beethoven) Part II: Forging Steel and Writing a Brilliant Chapter (ostrovsky) Fuzhou Senior High School Entrance Examination 3 in 2004. Paired couplets. In 2004, the senior high school entrance examination in Guangdong was the first part: resourcefulness, borrowing an arrow from the hole; the second part: sentimentality, Daiyu burying flowers; 4. Two-part allegorical saying "Zhou Yu hits Huang Gai-one is willing to hit the other" means consensual.
Two-part allegorical saying is derived from the story of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 2004 Kunming senior high school entrance examination three. Combined with modern Chinese reading 1 wonderful symmetrical world exposition, the duality of Taiyuan senior high school entrance examination in 2004 embodies the symmetrical beauty of language.
Please use the dual method to complete the seventh journey to the west. Seventh * * * Purpose: Wuxing Mountain Ape V helps you "Wuxing Mountain Ape" means that the Monkey King was crushed by the Tathagata at the foot of Wuxing Mountain, and "Ape" is the Monkey King.
Selected contents of the first half of the seventh chapter: Time flies, but I don't know that in July of 1949, the old man was ready. On this day, open the furnace to take Dan.
The Great Sage covered his eyes with his hands and rubbed his nose when he heard the sound of a furnace. When he opened his eyes and saw the light, he couldn't help it. He jumped out of the Dan furnace, fell into the gossip furnace and came out.
2. Narration of "The Teacher told me" In 2004, the senior high school entrance examination in Jilin involved three famous Chinese classical literature, which one do you like best? Talk about the reasons you like in combination with the relevant plots in this famous book. ) Water Margin, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Journey to the West 3. Reading the book of "grinding the brain" argument Nanjing's masterpieces in 2004 are often books that have passed the test of time and precipitation.
Please choose one of the following representative works, briefly describe a plot you are familiar with, and talk about your experience and understanding of this plot. (4 points) Masterpiece: The Water Margin, The Journey to the West, How Steel was Tempered, Robinson Crusoe, Childhood A: Plot: Experience and Feeling 4. Investigate with literary common sense and choose the incorrect one.
Nantong Senior High School Entrance Examination in 2004 (B) A. Guan Ju, Jia Jian and Yi Jun were all selected from The Book of Songs. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, which is divided into three categories: style, elegance and ode.
B Lu Xun's "From a Hundred Herbs Garden to a Moon in a Three Ponds", social drama, Zhu Ziqing's "The Back" and Wei Wei's "My Teacher" are all well-known commemorative essays. C in the classic "the water margin", stories such as taking the birth class by Sanda, playing drunken boxing and playing Zhuzhai are vivid and wonderful.
D. French literary master Roman? Roland's Biography of Who describes the mental journey of Beethoven, Michelangelo, Tolstoy and other great figures to overcome all kinds of difficulties and hardships in life.
3. Literature common sense of senior high school entrance examination
Summary of Chinese and Literature Common Sense in Senior High School Entrance Examination 1, Tao Yuanming:, cheerful, Mr. posthumous title Wuliu, renamed Qian in his later years, was born in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Peach Blossom Garden and Drinking II. Wang Wei: The word "Mo Mo" is a very famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. Because of his official position, he is called Wang Youcheng. Go to the fortress 3. Li Bai: (A.D. 70 1-762), the word Taibai, was named Qinglian layman.
Li Bai is a famous poet in Tang Dynasty and one of the most famous poets in China. He is another great romantic poet in the history of China literature after Qu Yuan, and is known as "Poet Fairy". Li Bai and Du Fu are collectively called "Du Li".
"I heard that Wang Changling moved to the Longbiao kiln on the left." 4. Du Fu: (7 12—770), a great poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, is known as a "poet saint". Tang Suzong, Official Left Addendum.
After he entered Shu, he was recommended by his friends as a staff officer of Ren Jiannan Drug Rehabilitation Center, and Yuan Wailang was appointed as the school's engineering department. Therefore, later generations also called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu.
The hut was broken by the autumn wind 5. Bai Juyi: (772-846), the word Letian, was named Xiangshan layman. In his later years, the official was the Prince with less Fu, and posthumous title was Bai Fu and Bai Wengong.
He actively advocated the new Yuefu movement in literature, arguing that articles should be written in time and poems should be written for things. He wrote many poems lamenting the times and reflecting the sufferings of the people, which had a great influence on later generations. He is a very important poet in the history of China literature.
Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake. 6. Liu Yuxi: Zi Meng, a poet and philosopher in the middle Tang Dynasty. Advocating political innovation is one of the core figures of the Wang school's political innovation activities.
"Humble Room Inscription" and "The First Meeting in Yangzhou" 7. Liu Zongyuan: a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty, one of the "Eight Great Masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties". Word thickness.
The world is called Liuhe East. Because of the official to Liuzhou secretariat, also known as Liu Liuzhou.
He advocated the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty with Han Yu and called it Liu Han. Xiaoshitang age 8. Fan Zhongyan: Zi Xiwen was a famous politician and commander-in-chief in the Northern Song Dynasty, as well as an outstanding writer and educator.
The story of Yueyang Tower, the pride of Fan Zhongyan's fisherman Qiu Si 9. Ouyang Xiu: a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
The word uncle Yong, drunk Weng, sixty-one layman. "Preface to Drunk Pavilion" 10, Wang Anshi: The word "Mid-level Mountain" was named Jing Guogong, and the world was also called king.
An outstanding politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
Shang 1 1, Su Shi: Zi Zhan, He, Zi Dongpo Jushi, a famous writer and painter in the Song Dynasty (Northern Song Dynasty). He, his father, Su Xun, and his younger brother, Su Zhe, are famous for their literature, and they are called "Su San" in the world. It is the same as "Cao San and his son" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) at the end of Han Dynasty.
In addition, Su Shi, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty were called "the eight great masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" together with Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Song Dynasty. Together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang, they are called the calligraphers who can best represent the achievements of calligraphy in the Song Dynasty, and they are collectively called' Song Sijia'.
Jiangchengzi Hunting in Michigan.
12, Xin Qiji: (1 140- 1207), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. The word "You 'an" is Jia Xuan, who wrote Jia Xuan's short sentences and Broken Array (drunk watching the sword).
13, Ma Zhiyuan: a famous dramatist in Yuan Dynasty. Most (now Beijing) people.
Ma Zhiyuan's name is ominous. The name "Dongli" was later used to show Tao Yuanming's ambition.
He is older than Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. Tianjingsha (14), Wu: (1701-1754), born in Quanjiao, Anhui Province in Qing Dynasty.
In his later years, he wrote "The Scholars" fifty-five times. Fan Jinzhong ju 15, Lu Xun: a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang.
China is a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary. Lu Xun was originally named Zhou Zhangshou, later renamed Zhou Shuren, whose real name was Zhang Shou and whose real name was Yucai; "Lu Xun" is the pseudonym he used after taking part in the May 4th Movement. Because of its growing influence, people used to call it Lu Xun.
Chang and Three Seas Classics, Kong Yiji, Xue and China, have people lost confidence? 16, Lao She: a modern writer, formerly known as Shu Qingchun, whose real name is She Yu, a native of Manchu Zhenghongqi, a Beijinger, a modern novelist, dramatist and famous writer in China. Winter in Jinan 17, Zhu Ziqing: (1898.1.22—1948.8.12) was originally named Huazi, and later renamed Ziqing, with conditions attached.
Go to sleep, little man. 19 19 was written in February. It was his first poem. He was a participant in the May 4th patriotic movement and embarked on the literary road under the influence of the May 4th wave.
Come back. 18, Guo Moruo: Formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, the market in the sky.
19, Chekhov: Russian novelist and dramatist. He is called the three great short story masters together with French and American.
Chameleon 20. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China. The Book of Songs was originally named "Poetry", and there are 305 * *, so it is also called "Poetry 300".
Confucianism has regarded it as a classic since the Han Dynasty, so it is called The Book of Songs. Most of the authors of the poems in The Book of Songs cannot be verified.
2 1, Zuo Zhuan: Legend has it that it was written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. This is an ancient chronological historical work of China.
Zuo Zhuan is the full name of Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period, formerly known as Zuo Chunqiu, and also known as Zuo Chunqiu and Zuo Shi in the Han Dynasty. It was called Zuo Zhuan only after the Han Dynasty.
It is also called "Three Biographies of Spring and Autumn" with Biography of Ram and Biography of Gu Liang. Zuo Zhuan represents the highest achievement of pre-Qin historiography, is an important document to study pre-Qin history and Spring and Autumn history, and has a great influence on later historiography, especially on establishing the status of chronological history books.
22. The Analects: The Analects was quoted for the first time. The typicality of China's articles also stems from this.
The Analects faithfully recorded Confucius' words and deeds, and also reflected Confucius' thoughts. There are twenty articles in this edition of The Analects.
The core of the political thought of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, is "benevolence", "courtesy" and "righteousness". 23. "Mencius": Confucian classics.
Mencius is a book that imitates saints. It not only absorbed the essence of The Analects of Confucius, but also accepted some characteristics of Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean. In Mencius, the most prominent embodiment is the thought of benevolence and righteousness.
Benevolence is the center of Confucianism. Confucius often talks about benevolence and seldom gives lectures, while Mencius pays equal attention to benevolence and righteousness. He has a famous saying, that is,' lay down one's life for righteousness'. The book Mencius is developed by asking and answering questions, with refutation as the main argumentation method.
It accurately recorded Mencius' thoughts.
What are the main contents of reading 4. 10?
1) Understanding of the authors, years and main figures of famous works;
(2) Analyze the personalities of famous figures in famous works and evaluate them;
(3) Understanding of famous scenes or classic plots in famous works;
(4) Matching or selecting authors, plots and characters of many famous works;
(5) Examining the understanding of the contents of famous books in combination with language expression questions.
Common topic types: simple memory type, plot summary type and manifestation type, brief comment and recommendation type.
Review points:
(1) Remember the author (including nationality) and the style or theme of the work.
② Carefully understand the author's intention and summarize the plot of the novel.
(3) Taste the wonderful fragments of the novel, and summarize the personality characteristics of the characters in combination with the description and analysis of the characters.
Must-read classic themes or styles:
Aesop's fable "the wisdom of life and the charm of imagination"
The Water Margin?
Journey to the West "only after suffering can we get the true meaning of a happy and complete life".
Robinson Crusoe is a lonely and tenacious adventurer.
Gulliver's Travels "Strange Imagination, Bitter Irony"
(Education of Love, Emotional Cultivation and Moral Enlightenment)
How steel is tempered, the banner of idealism, the textbook of life)
Three. Introduction of review method:
1, familiar with the opening words and related important sentences in famous works.
Example: (1) The paper is full of absurd words and bitter tears. The author of Dou Yun is crazy about who can understand the taste-A Dream of Red Mansions.
(2) The Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves wash away heroes. Whether it is right and wrong or failure, it is empty now and has disappeared with the passage of time. Castle Peak still exists, the sun still rises and the sunset still sets. The white-haired hermit by the river has long been used to the changes of time. I met an old friend and had a drink. How many things in the past and how many times have been put into the conversation. -Romance of the Three Kingdoms
(3) Life is the most precious thing for people, and life is only once for us. A man's life should be spent like this: when he looks back on the past, he will not regret wasting his time, nor will he be ashamed of doing nothing-in this way, when he dies, he can say: My life and all my energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world and fought for the liberation of mankind. -"How steel was tempered"
5. Junior high school Chinese literature knowledge
Lu Xun, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, was originally named Zhou Shuren. Ziyushan is a great proletarian writer, thinker and revolutionary, and the commander-in-chief of China's Cultural Revolution. Also known as "soul of china" by the people.
Collection of novels: Scream, Wandering and New Stories; (The True Story of Ah Q is included in Scream)
Prose Collection: Flowers in the Morning and Flowers in the Evening (formerly known as "Coming Back to Life")
Literary works: a brief history of China's novels;
Prose poetry anthology: weeds
Letters from Fu Lei is an excerpt from a letter from Fu Lei, a literary translator in China, to Fu Cong, Fu Min and other children. This book is an excellent reading for teenagers' ideological cultivation, a classic model of quality education and a masterpiece of teaching children full of father's love. The two children they painstakingly trained (the famous piano master Fu Cong and the super English teacher Fu Min) are the successful embodiment of their educational ideas such as being a man first, getting married later, thinking independently and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Therefore, Mr. and Mrs. Fu Lei have also become role models for China's parents.
The Education of Love is a children's novel written by the Italian writer Edmund de Amicus. The film works of the same name combine all the greatest loves in the world: the love of teachers, the love of students, the love of parents, the love of children and the love of classmates ... each kind of love is not earth-shattering, but it is touching.
Ba Jin, formerly known as Li Yaotang, was called Yi Fu. Modern writers, publishers and translators. At the same time, he is also considered as one of the most influential writers since the May 4th New Culture Movement, an outstanding literary master in China in the 20th century and a contemporary literary master in China. He has written many books, including Home and Spring and Autumn Annals. Ba Jin is considered to represent the conscience of Chinese mainland intellectuals.
Bing Xin died at the age of 99. His original name was Xie Wanying and his pen name was Bing Xin. It means "a piece of ice in the jade pot". Known as the "old man of the century", he is a famous modern poet, writer, translator and children's writer.
Biography of Who, also known as Biography of the Three Giants, is a biographical work written by romain rolland, a famous French critical realist, at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century. It includes three biographies: Beethoven, Michelangelo and Tolstoy.
The Water Margin, also known as the loyalty and loyalty of the Water Margin, was written at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. It is the first vernacular novel in the history of China and one of the four classical novels of China.
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is China's first novel with a chapter-by-chapter style, which describes the contradictions and struggles between the political and military groups of Wei, Shu and Wu Sanda, led by Cao Cao, Liu Bei and Sun Quan, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and even during the Three Kingdoms period. On the broad social and historical background, it showed the sharp, complex and distinctive political and military conflicts of that era, which had a far-reaching impact on future generations in political and military strategy.
The Journey to the West is one of the four classical novels of China. The Journey to the West was compiled by Wu Cheng'en, a novelist of Ming Dynasty in the middle of Ming Dynasty, through the efforts of numerous folk artists and authors. This book describes the legendary adventure story of the Monkey King, Pig Bajie and Friar Sand, who protected Tang Priest's Buddhist scriptures in the West and experienced 81 difficulties.
I wish you good grades in the exam.