1. Verses about morality

Do not do evil because it is a small thing, and do not do good because it is small. Only those who are virtuous and virtuous can obey others. ——Liu Bei

It is not a matter of disrespect for position, but a matter of disrespect for virtue; it is not a matter of shame that one is not a good partner, but it is a matter of shame that one is not knowledgeable. —— Zhang Heng

Earth can build a city wall, and accumulated virtue can make a solid ground. —— Li Bai

If you do a good thing, you will feel at ease; if you do a bad thing, you will feel guilty. ——Shen Hanguang

Knowing shame is almost courageous. —— Confucius

There is no greater humiliation than shamelessness. ——Wang Tong

Quietness cultivates one’s character, frugality cultivates virtue. —— Zhuge Liang

A gentleman is concerned about the road but not about poverty. —— Confucius

Be poor without flattery, be rich without arrogance. ——Zi Gong

If you strengthen your foundation and use it sparingly, you will never be poor. ——Xun Kuang

Those who are extravagant and lazy will be poor, while those who are strong and thrifty will be rich. —— Han Fei

The journey of a gentleman is to cultivate one’s character through tranquility, and to cultivate virtue through frugality. If it is not indifferent, it will not clear its aspirations, and if it is not tranquil, it will not be far-reaching. —— Zhuge Liang

Those who are extravagant are in ruins, while those who are frugal are at peace. One evil and one good fortune are in front of you. ——Bai Juyi

Don’t worry about danger when you are in peace, abstain from extravagance and be frugal; cut down the roots in order to seek luxuriant trees, stop the source in order to have a long flow. ——Wei Zheng

Looking at the virtuous countries and families in the past, their success was due to diligence and frugality, and they were broken down to luxury. ——Li Shangyin

The overlord took Erjiang alone, and many of his descendants surrendered with hundreds of cities. After the success of Luxurious, what about peace and happiness and misfortune? ——Wang Anshi

Extravagance leads to more desires. A gentleman who is too lustful will seek wealth and honor, which will lead to disaster in vain. ——Sima Guang

If you welcome others with good demeanor, you will be as close as brothers; if you welcome others with evil demeanor, it will harm the soldiers. ——Guan Zhong

There are great brave men in the world who are not surprised when something happens suddenly, and are not angry when something happens without reason. ——Su Shi 2. "Sacrifice Your Life to Protect Your Friends" Classical Chinese Text

Original text Xun Ju Bo Yuan ① Seeing a friend's illness, worth ② Hu thieves attacking the county ③. Friends' words ④ Ju Bo said: "I am dead now, my son ⑿ can Go!" Ju Bo said, "We came to see each other from afar. You ordered me to go and defeat justice in order to survive. Is this what Ju Bo did? "Who are you, a man, who dares to stand alone?" Ju Bo said, "My friend is sick, and I can't bear to leave him alone. I would rather sacrifice my life for him." The thief said to him, "I am a person with no righteousness, and I will enter the world." The country of righteousness." Then the 10th class army returned and the whole county was captured. Translation: Once, Jubo Xun went a long way to visit a sick friend, and happened to encounter foreign enemies attacking the county. The friend persuaded Jubo to leave. Said: "I'm going to die soon, you'd better leave here!" Jubo said: "I came all the way to visit you, but you want me to leave and corrupt morality in order to survive. Is this what I, Jubo Xun, can do? What happened?" After the enemy invaded the city, they said to him: "As soon as our army entered the city, everyone in the county fled. Who are you, and you dare to stay alone?" Ju Bo replied: " My friend is sick, and I can't bear to leave him alone. I am willing to exchange my life for his." After hearing this, the enemy invaders talked to each other and said, "We, the unethical people, have invaded this moral country. ." So he withdrew his troops and returned, and the entire county and city were preserved. Notes ① Yuan: The journey is far away, which can be translated as going a long way. ② Value: coincidentally. ③ County: This refers to the city. ④ Language: Say to... ⑤Look at each other: come to visit. ⑥Ji: Already. ⑦一: The whole. ⑧ Duzhi: Stay alone. ⑨无义: Heartless and meaningless. ⑩Ban: Tongjiazi, the same as "Ban", retreat. ⑾. :then.

Just ⑿.子: The honorific title given to men in ancient times. 3. Verses describing morality

A gentleman pursues morality rather than wealth.

"Li Shang" by Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty. Gentleman: A person with high moral standards.

Tao: refers to good deeds that are consistent with morality. The general meaning of this sentence is: A gentleman is committed to pursuing morality rather than pursuing wealth.

The meaning of this sentence is not to say that a "gentleman" should not pursue his own reasonable interests, but to emphasize that when pursuing his own interests, he must abide by certain social ethics and not be greedy for profit. , use whatever means necessary to benefit yourself at the expense of others. This famous sentence can be used to explain that people living in the world should constantly pursue the perfection of their own moral character and should not be obsessed with wealth and wealth all day long. It can also be used to praise those who cultivate their moral integrity and do not seek personal gain.

Liu Zongyuan, a writer of the Tang Dynasty, "Li Shang" If the righteous are at the top, the world will be governed. Moral quotes from the Warring States Period·Mozi "Mo Zi·Fei Ming Shang" If moral people are in power, the world will surely be peaceful and stable.

Explain that the king in power should implement "righteous government" and his actions must be in line with "morality", so that the country can be stable. Righteous person: A person who upholds morality.

Mo Zhai, a thinker, educator, and military strategist during the Warring States Period. Mozi "Mozi·Fei Ming Part 1". 4. Classical Chinese essays about justice

Song of Righteousness

Wen Tianxiang

Heaven and earth are filled with righteousness, which is mixed and endowed with manifolds.

Below are the rivers and mountains, and above are the sun and stars.

What people call vast is overwhelming.

The imperial road should be the Qingyi, Hanhe Tumingting.

It’s time to see each other and draw pictures one by one:

In Qi Taishi Bamboo, in Jin Dong Hubi.

In Qin Zhang Liangzhui, in Han Su Wu Festival;

It is the head of General Yan, it is the blood of Ji Shizhong,

It is Zhang Suiyang’s teeth, it is Yan Changshan’s tongue;

Or it is the Liaodong hat, Qingcao Li Bingxue ;

Or it may be an example of being a master, and ghosts and gods cry heroically.

It may be used to cross the river and swallow Hu Jie generously,

Or it may be used to attack the thief's wat, and its head will be broken if it is turned upside down.

It is majestic and awe-inspiring.

When it penetrates the sun and the moon, life and death will be settled!

The maintenance of the earth depends on it, and the pillars of heaven depend on it.

The three cardinal principles are actually life-related, and morality is the root.

After consulting with Yu Yangjiu, Li was really weak.

The prisoners of Chu wore their crowns and sent them to Qiongbei.

The tripod wok is as sweet as stuffing, and you cannot get it if you ask for it.

There are ghost fires in the underworld, and it is dark in the spring courtyard.

Cows and oxen eat the same soap, chickens and phoenixes eat.

Once there is fog and dew, it becomes barren in the ditch.

No matter how cold or hot it is, everything will change by itself.

Alas, Ju Laochang, for my peaceful country.

How can he be so clever? Yin and Yang cannot be thieved!

Considering this, I look up at the white floating clouds.

I am worried for a long time, the sky is full of joy!

The day of the philosopher is far away, and the punishment is in the past.

The wind eaves spread out books to read, and the ancient roads illuminate their colors.

Crossing the Lingding Ocean

Wen Tianxiang

After all the hardships,

only stars fell in the fight.

The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating in the catkins,

The ups and downs of life experience are scattered by the rain.

I am afraid at the beach, I am afraid,

I am alone in the ocean and sigh.

Since ancient times, no one has ever died,

Leave a loyal heart to illuminate history. 5. Ancient texts on national laws and family rules

Original text of Lu You’s family motto: Young people with talents are the most vulnerable to corruption. If there are such talents, fathers and brothers should be worried about (them) and should not be happy about (them). You must always add simple bundles, make people familiar with the classics, teach them to be generous and respectful, and don't let them hang out with impetuous people. From now on, in ten years, your ambitions and interests will be self-sufficient. Otherwise, the things that can be considered are not all at once. I am here It is said that the medicine for future generations should be taken with caution, so as not to regret it. [Translation] Those who stand out among the descendants are the most likely to become bad. If there are such people, fathers and brothers should be worried, not happy.

We must discipline them seriously and frequently, make them familiar with Confucian classics and hundreds of books by various scholars, teach them that they must be tolerant, kind, respectful, and cautious, and do not let them associate with idle people. . After more than ten years of this, my ambition and taste have naturally developed.

Otherwise, there would be nothing to worry about. These words are medicine and stone needles for young people to treat their illnesses. They should be treated with caution and not to regret.

Original text of the Yan Family Instructions: The book of the husband's sage teaches people to be honest and filial, to be cautious in their words and check their deeds, and to establish themselves and make a name for themselves. It is also ready. The Wei and Jin Dynasties have come, and the scholars who have written about it repeat the theory and practice, and pass on the sage model study, just like the trusses under the house and the bedspreads on the bed.

The reason why I am doing this again now is because I don’t dare to follow the rules of the world. If the husband believes in the same word, he will believe in his relatives; if he acts in the same order, he will do what he obeys.

To prohibit the violent ways of children, the commandments of teachers and friends are not as good as the command of Fu and maidservants; to stop the fighting of mortals, the teachings of Yao and Shun are not as good as the instructions of widows. I hope that this book will be believed by you and Cao, and that it will be as wise as the ears of Fu's maid and his widowed wife.

My family’s customs have always been strict and strict. In the past, when I was in the war, I was taught by others. Every time the two brothers follow each other, they are warm and gentle at dawn and dusk, walking in an orderly manner, speaking calmly and calmly, and sounding like a stern king.

Give good words, ask what you like, encourage others to learn from others, and never fail to be sincere①. When he was nine years old, he was living alone, his family was separated, and his whole family was in despair.

My loving brother raised me, worked hard, was kind but not powerful, and gave no guidance. Although he read "Li" and "Zhuan", his love for literary works was quite influenced by ordinary people.

Talk lightly and carelessly. When I was eighteen or nineteen years old, I rarely knew how to practice hard, and if my habits were natural, my death would be hard to wash away.

After twenty, it is too rare to be too big. Every day, the heart is in conflict with the verbal rivalry, sex and emotion compete with each other, I wake up late at night, I regret what I lost yesterday, I feel sorry for myself, and I have no education, which leads to this.

The fingers of recalling the past are engraved in the flesh and bones; the commandments of ancient books are not just passed through the eyes and ears. Therefore, I leave these twenty chapters as a postscript for you.

=========================================== ====================== The books of the translated sages teach people to be loyal and filial, to be cautious in their words, to be well-behaved, to make meritorious deeds and to spread their fame, all of which are also All have been explained in great detail. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, some of the books written by various scholars have repeated similar principles and similar contents. They imitated and learned from each other one after another. This is like building a room under a house and putting a bed on a bed. It seems redundant and useless.

The reason why I want to write this "Family Instructions" again is not to dare to set rules for everyone in how to do things and conduct themselves in society, but just to straighten the family tradition and educate future generations. The same words are believed because they are spoken by someone close to them; the same commands are carried out because they are spoken by someone whom one admires.

To stop children from playing and laughing, the admonitions of teachers and friends are not as good as the instructions of aunts; to stop the fights and quarrels of common people, the teachings of Yao and Shun are not as good as the persuasion of wives. I hope this "Family Instruction" can be obeyed by you, it is better than aunt.

A wife’s words come wisely. My family has always had a strict and thorough tutoring system. I was taught and taught when I was young.

Follow the two brothers every day, serve them filially in the morning and evening, speak cautiously and behave upright, speak calmly and look calm, be respectful, courteous and cautious, just like visiting a dignified king. Our parents often exhort and encourage us, ask about our hobbies and admirations, polish off our shortcomings, and guide our strengths. They are all sincere and appropriate.

When I was nine years old, my father passed away, the family was in trouble, the family was in decline, and the population was depressed. It was extremely hard for my brother to raise me. He was kind but not majestic, and his guidance and inspiration were not so strict.

Although I also recited "Zhou Rites" and "Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan" at that time, I was also slightly interested in writing articles, which was largely influenced by people in society. Desires are indulgent, words are rash and unkempt.

When I was eighteen or nineteen years old, I started to hone myself a little bit, because the habit has become natural and difficult to get rid of in a short time. It is not until after the age of twenty that major mistakes occur less often, but they still often have duplicity, good nature and personal feelings are contradictory. At night, I realize the mistakes I made in the morning, today I regret the mistakes I made yesterday, and I often sigh because of the lack of education. , to get to this point.

Recalling my life's wishes and interests, I have a profound understanding; it is no better than just reading the admonitions in ancient books, just passing through my eyes and ears. Therefore, I wrote these twenty articles as a warning for you.

=========================================== ====================== ============================ ================================================== ======== Godson Chapter========================================== ============================================== Original text: Wisdom does not teach It turns out that even if you teach a fool, it will be useless, and a mediocre person will not know if you don’t teach him. The ancient sage kings had a method of "prenatal education". During the third month of pregnancy, they left the palace and lived in other palaces.

The jade version of the book is hidden in various golden cabinets. When a child is born with a cough, the teacher Bao Gu Ming Ming filial piety, benevolence, etiquette and justice will teach him how to practice it.

For those who are unable to do so, when they are still infants and can recognize people's colors and emotions, they will give them instructions. If they are told to do it, they will do it, and if they are stopped, they will stop it. If they are a few years old, they can avoid being whipped and punished. If parents are majestic and kind, then their children will be cautious and filial.

I see that there is no education in the world but there is love. This cannot always be the case. You can eat, drink, and do whatever you want. You should be warned and rewarded, and you should laugh instead of laughing. When you have knowledge and know, you can say the Dharma. Once arrogance has been learned, it will be copied, beaten until death without power, anger will grow and resentment will increase, and it will be caught in the growth, and it will eventually become a bad virtue.

Confucius said: "A little success is like nature, and habits are like nature." That's right.

As the saying goes: "When a wife first comes, she teaches a baby." This is a true saying.

For those who cannot educate their children, it is not because they want to be guilty of their crimes, but it is more important than hurting their color with anger, and not being able to bear the cruelty of their skin and ears. Taking disease as a warning, how can I save it without decoction, medicine, needles and moxa? It is also appropriate to think that those who are diligent in supervising and training are willing to torture their own flesh and blood? It’s a last resort! The strictness between father and son cannot be separated; the love between flesh and blood cannot be simplified.

6. Idioms about morality and loyalty

Serve the country with loyalty - meticulous loyalty, serving the motherland. Red heart - full of the blood of justice, a sincere red heart. Describes being very loyal and firm. Loyalty - red: a metaphor for true Pure. Describes being very loyal. Danxin: Loyal. Still as loyal as ever. Tudi: smeared on the ground. Describes a tragic death. It also describes being loyal to all means and not hesitating any sacrifice. Spreading one's heart and soul - Phi : Disclosure; Li: Drop down. It is a metaphor for seeing each other sincerely and pouring out what is in the heart. It also describes being very loyal. An inch of loyalty - Danxin: a pure heart, a loyal heart. A sincere heart. Loyalty - Genggen: a loyal look. Describes being very loyal. Zhongganyiguang - being loyal and acting righteously. Swear to the sky and the sun - swear: swear. Swear to the sky and the sun. It expresses firm will or loyalty to others. Loyalty and courage - describes very Loyalty. Unswerving loyalty - Zhen: Unwavering will or conduct; Yu: Change, violation. Loyalty is firm and never changes. Dedicated to the end - Jie: Do. Sincerity: Loyalty. Festival: Integrity. Show the maximum Loyalty and integrity. To be loyal to one's best - exhausted: to exhaust one's strength, to be loyal with all one's strength. To express one's heart and soul - to describe one who is extremely loyal to a person. To swear to the death - to vow not to change one's mind until death. To describe one's unswerving loyalty or Firm will and single-mindedness. Undivided loyalty - vow to be loyal to the end and never change. Transfusion of liver and gallbladder - a metaphor for being extremely loyal to people. Swearing to the heart - swearing to the sun, showing loyalty. Loyalty drives a sense of righteousness. ——It means being driven by loyalty and inspired by justice. Loyalty and filial piety - being loyal to the country and being filial to parents, doing both well. Also called "loyalty and filial piety". Righteousness and loyalty - referring to being upright. Loyalty. Sunflower Xiangri - Xiang: towards. Describes the loyalty and admiration of subordinates to their superiors.