When Ying Bu rebelled, Liu Bang personally led the troops to crusade. Liu Bi, who was only twenty years old, followed Liu Bang as a general and defeated the Ying Bu army. At that time, Liu Jia, King Jing, was killed by Ying Bu, and there was no heir. Liu bang was worried that the people of Wu were frivolous and powerful, and it was impossible without a brave and magnificent king. And his son was still young, so he made Liu Bi the king of Wu, ruling over three counties and fifty-three cities. Liu Bi worshipped the official seal and Liu Bang summoned him.
Liu Bang looked at Liu Bi's face and said, "You look very rebellious." Liu Bang regretted it in his heart, but he had already bowed to the official seal, stroking his back and saying, "Fifty years after the establishment of the Han Dynasty, there will be rebellion in the southeast. Is that you? " The same surname in the world is a family. I hope you will be careful not to rebel. "Liu Ying kowtow said," I dare not. "In Huidi and Gaohou, when the world has just been solved, the governors of all counties and countries appease the people in their respective jurisdictions.
There is a copper mine in the county in the southeast of Wu. Liu Bi recruited outlaws from all over the world, secretly casting money here and cooking seawater as salt in the East. Wu's wealth is very rich because he doesn't pay taxes.
During the reign of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bi's sage went to Beijing to accompany the King of Qi to drink and have fun. Liu Xian's teachers are all Chu people, which makes him develop a frivolous and fierce character. He is also very arrogant at ordinary times. When playing games with Liu Qi, it is impolite to quarrel over the chess game. Liu Qi picked up the chessboard and beat him, then killed him and sent his body back to Wu for burial.
Liu Bi was very angry and said, "The same family in the world died in Chang 'an and was buried in Chang 'an. Why should they be sent to Wu for burial?" Liu Bi sent someone to send Liu Xian's body back to Chang 'an for burial.
From then on, Liu Bi was resentful and gradually lost the etiquette that a vassal should have, saying that he was ill and didn't come to see the Chinese Emperor. The court knew that his son was killed, so he refused to enter North Korea. After careful inquiry and verification, Liu Bi is really not ill. Therefore, all Wu envoys were detained and punished. Liu Bi was afraid of this and stepped up her rebellion plan. Later, when Liu Bi sent someone to perform the etiquette invited by Qiu Chao, Emperor Wendi asked his emissary again. The messenger said, "It is unlucky to see fish in deep water. Today, the king of Wu began to pretend to be ill. When he was found, he saw that the emperor had pushed him very hard, so he had to be locked up even tighter. He was afraid of being killed by the emperor, but out of desperation, he could not pretend to be sick further. I hope the emperor can give up the past and give him a chance to turn over a new leaf. " So Emperor Wen of Han released the captured envoys of the State of Wu, sent them back to the State of Wu, and gave the King of Wu some crutches, so that he could not appear before the emperor because of his old age. Liu Bi was not guilty, and the rebellion plan was temporarily cancelled.
Because the land under the jurisdiction of Wu has copper mountains and salt, the people of Wu have no taxes. Rank in accordance with the provisions of the garrison, but also to the same amount of financial expenses. I often visit talented people in my area every year and reward them in my village. Officials from other counties want to hunt down fugitives, and the king of Wu always takes them in and does not hand them over to other counties. This has been done for more than 30 years, so Liu Ying can command his department.
Chao Cuo, who launched the rebellion, was the prince's order and was favored by Liu Qi. He talked to Liu Qi for many times about Liu Bi's exultation and should be weakened. Chao Cuo also wrote many times to exhort Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, but Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty was magnanimous and could not bear to punish him, so Liu Bi became increasingly arrogant.
In June 157 BC (the seventh year after Wendi died), on June 9 of the same year, Qi succeeded to the throne as Emperor Han Jingdi, and Chao Cuo served as an ancient bachelor. Chao Cuo remonstrated with Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty, saying, "In the past, when Emperor Gao had just pacified the world, he had few brothers and a young son, and he made people with the same surname king. Therefore, Emperor Gaozu's illegitimate son mourned King Hui and was named King Qi, ruling over 72 cities. His younger brother, Wang Yuan, was made King of Chu, ruling 40 cities. His brother's son, Liu Bi, was made King of Wu and ruled over 50 cities. These three fenced criminals have carved up half the world. Now because the prince of Wu was suspected of being killed, he pretended to be sick and didn't come to worship, and he was beheaded according to the ancient method. Wendi couldn't bear it, so he gave him several crutches and a crutch, which was the last straw for him. However, instead of turning over a new leaf, the prince of Wu became more extravagant. He went to Tongshan to cast money and boil seawater into salt, luring the outlaws in the world and planning rebellion. If we weaken him now, he will resist. If we don't weaken him, he will rebel. Weaken him, he rebelled quickly and did little harm; Instead of weakening him, he slowly rebelled, causing great harm. "
In the winter of 154 BC (the third year of Emperor Jingdi), Liu Wu, the king of Chu, and Liu N, the king of Jiaoxi, were successively cut down. Liu Ying was also worried about cutting more land and wanted to make a big fuss about it. I noticed that no one among the princes could plan a rebellion with himself. I heard that Liu N was brave, strong and militant, and all the princes were afraid of him, so the king of Wu sent Chinese medicine to lobby Liu N.
Gao Ying said, "The king of Wu is incompetent, and he is afraid of leaving his hometown for hatred, so he sent me to tell him." Liu N said, "What can I do for you?" Gao Ying said: "Now the emperor employs treacherous officials, listens to rumors, changes laws and regulations, encroaches on vassal land, and demands more and more, and the punishment for good people is getting worse every day." As the saying goes:' Eat rice bran and you will get rice grains.' Both Wu and Jiaoxi are well-known vassal states, and I'm afraid it will not be peaceful to be tested at the same time. The prince of Wu suffered from internal diseases and could not go to court to see the son of heaven for more than 20 years. He is often worried about being suspected and can't defend himself in front of the facts. Now, I'm afraid I can't be forgiven even if I kneel in court with my arms tied and my feet tied to confess my sins. I heard privately that the king was found guilty of selling the title of nobility. Now the princes have been deprived of their land, and the crime is not as big as selling titles. I'm afraid this matter can be solved not only by cutting land. "
Liu N said: "There is such a thing. What do you say? " Gao Ying said, "People with the same hatred help each other, people with the same interests stay with each other, people with the same feelings improve each other, people with the same desires flock to each other, and people with the same interests die each other." Now the prince of Wu thinks he shares the worries with the king, and hopes to take this opportunity to obey the heaven and give his life to eliminate evil for the world. I wonder what your opinion is. "Wang Jiao looked at frightened Xi said," how dare I do this? Now, although the emperor has driven me to a dead end, how can I not support him? " Gao Ying said: "Chao Cuo, an adviser of the ancient imperial court, confused the emperor, usurped the vassal and sheltered the loyal. Courtiers hated him, governors rebelled, and the personnel situation was extremely difficult. The appearance of meteors and the surge of locusts show that this is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. Because when you are sad and tired, it is the opportunity for a saint to be born. So the prince of Wu wanted to travel all over the world in the name of crusade against Chao Cuo. Surrender wherever you go. Who dares to disobey the occupied land? If the king can really agree with a word, then the king of Wu will lead the king of Chu to capture Hangu Pass, defend the rice valley against the Han soldiers in Aocang, Xingyang, and repair the houses of the army to wait for the arrival of the king. If the king can really come, then the world can be unified. Can't the two monarchs share the world equally? " Liu N agreed to transfer soldiers, so she should go back and report to Liu Bi. Liu Bi was still worried that Liu N would not keep his word, so he went to Jiaoxi personally and made a covenant with Liu N. ..
A minister in Jiaoxi heard of Liu En's rebellion, and he remonstrated, saying, "The land of princes is less than two-tenths of that of the Han Dynasty, so it is not a good policy to make the Queen Mother worry about doing something about rebellion. Nowadays, it is not easy to accept an emperor. If you and the prince of Wu succeed in fighting against Han, there will be disputes between the two lords over land division and more disasters. " But Liu didn't listen to the advice and sent messengers to contact King Zichuan, King Jiaodong, King Jinan and King Jibei, and they all agreed. The governors were surprised and afraid, and they punished their mistakes by ceding land. Most of them held a grudge against Chao Cuo. When the documents from Huiji and Zhang Yu counties of Wu arrived, Liu En took the lead in fighting against Han, killing all Han officials whose grain was less than 2,000 stone. Jiaoxi, Jiaodong, Jinan, Chu, Zhao and other countries are like this, sending troops to the west to conquer the Han Dynasty. But the King of Qi repented, broke the original covenant and strengthened the Yugoslav capital. King Kibaki's wall was broken, and before it was finished, his doctor hijacked him, so that he could not send troops to fight against the Han. The two kings of Jiaoxi and Jiaodong were the grand commanders and attacked Linzi together with Zichuan and Jinan. Zhao Wangsui also colluded with the Huns in secret and plotted to unite against Han.
When contacting the four countries and seven countries, Liu Bi called all his soldiers and ordered the whole country to say, "I am 62 years old and will lead the army myself. My youngest son is fourteen years old and will take the lead. Therefore, anyone between the ages of fourteen and sixty-two should apply. " So more than 200,000 people were mobilized. He also sent people to Fujian and East Vietnam to launch, so that Fujian and East Vietnam also sent troops to follow.
On the day of Jiazi in the first month of BC 154 (the third year of Emperor Jingdi), Liu Bi took the lead in fighting the Han Dynasty in Guangling, and then crossed Huaishui to join forces with the Chu army. Liu Bi sent envoys to the ministers and said: Liu Bi respectfully asked the kings of Jiaoxi, Jiaodong, Zichuan, Jinan, Zhao, Chu, Huainan, Hengshan and Lujiang, and the son of the late Changsha king. It is said that treacherous court official Chao Cuo has made no contribution to the world, but he wants to seize the land of princes. Envoys sent by local governors to the imperial court were detained for questioning. From this point of view, it's just insulting the vassals, not treating Liu compatriots with the courtesy of the vassals, so as to destroy the hero of the former emperor, and then confuse the world with the crisis villain, and put the country into crisis. Now, the status is weak and sick, and the ambition is depressed, so it is impossible to observe this in depth. So I thought of soldiers killing thieves and ministers. I wonder if I can. I'd like to hear your advice. Although our country is small, it also has a land of three thousand miles; Although the population is small, it can raise 500 thousand elite soldiers. I have been good to South Vietnam for more than 30 years, and their chiefs will send their troops to follow me, so that they can get another 300 thousand troops. Although I have no talent, I am willing to follow the princes myself. South Vietnam is close to Changsha, because the king of Changsha has pacified the area north of Changsha, so they can go west to Shu Han. Send someone to tell the king of South Vietnam, the king of Chu and the king of Huainan to attack the west with me. After the princes of Qi and the prince of Zhao settled Hejian and Hanoi together, some of them could enter Linjin Pass. Someone can meet me in Luoyang. The prince of Yan and the prince of Zhao used to have an appointment with the conference semifinals. After the Prince of Yan settled in Peiping, he led the Hu people into Xiaoguan, went to Chang 'an to rectify the world and settled in the ancestral temple of Emperor Gao. I hope everyone can encourage and do it together. Chu Yuan's son and Huainan's son have been neglected for a long time, and they hate it. Try to make this tone last for a long time. But I didn't get the mind of the governors, and I didn't dare to obey. Now, if we can let the dying country continue to survive, help the weak and hoe the strong, and stabilize Liu, this is what our country hopes. Although our country is poor, I have worked hard day and night for more than 30 years, saving money, repairing weapons and armor and accumulating food. All these efforts are for this event. I hope you can make good use of it. Anyone who can capture the enemy generals alive will be rewarded with 5 thousand Jin of gold, and every household will be sealed. Those who cut the enemy will be rewarded with 3,000 kilograms of gold and 5,000 food cities will be sealed. Those who cut the enemy generals will be rewarded with one thousand kilograms of gold and two thousand food cities; Anyone who breaks the enemy's grain of 2,000 stones will be rewarded with 1,000 yuan and sealed with 1,000 grain cities; They are all sealed as Hou. Those who lead the troops or surrender to the city, who have 10 thousand troops or 10 thousand cities, are rewarded as enemy generals; People with 5000 households will get the same reward as the enemy. People with 3000 households will get the same reward as those who win the favor of the enemy; If there are 1000 households, if they are enemies of 2000 stones, they will also get the same reward. Those small officials accept knighthood awards because of their different official positions. This kind of reward is several times more than the usual method in the Han Dynasty. If there is already a city with a title, only one more fief will be added, and it will not be added as appropriate because of the old fief. I hope you can make it clear to the literati that you don't cheat them. My money is everywhere, so you don't have to come to Wu to get it. You can't use it day and night Anyone who deserves a reward, just tell me and I will give it to him personally. I sincerely hope that everyone can know this. "
When the news of the Seven Kingdoms Rebellion was known by Han Jing, he sent Akio Hou Zhou Yafu to lead 36 generals to attack Wu Chu. Send Qu Zhou to attack Zhao; Send general Luan Bu to attack Qi; General Dou Ying was sent to Xingyang to station troops to monitor Qi Zhao's troops. When the news of the rebellion in Wu Chu spread, their troops had not set out.
Dou Ying introduced Han Jing to Yuan Ang, the former prime minister of Wu. Han Jing called Yuan Ang to the palace to see him and asked Yuan Ang for advice on Wu Chu rebellion. Yuan Ang said, "Wu and Chu exchanged letters saying,' Treacherous court official Chao Cuo arbitrarily punished vassals and cut their land.' The reason why they want to rebel is to unite the army to kill Chao Cuo to the west and restore the cut land. If you achieve your goal, you won't fight. So now there is only one plan, that is, to kill Chao Cuo, and then send envoys to pardon the rebellion in Wu Chu and restore the land they were originally cut. In this way, the mutiny can be quelled without bloodshed. Han Jing adopted his plan and killed Chao Cuo.
Han Jing worships Yuan Ang so much that she sends him to the State of Wu. Liu Bi's half-son, Dehou, helped Yuan Ang. When Yuan Ang came to Wu, Wu Chu's army had captured the barrier of Liang. Because Zong was a relative of Liu Bi, he went to see Liu Bi in advance and told Liu Bi to kneel down and accept the imperial edict. When Liu Bi heard that Yuan Ang was coming, knowing that he would lobby himself, she smiled and replied, "I am the East Emperor. Who should I bow to?" Liu Bi refused to see Yuan Ang and left him in the army, trying to coerce him into becoming his own general. Because Yuan Ang didn't want to, the prince of Wu sent someone to hold him and tried to kill him. Yuan Ang fled at night and fled to Emperor Liang on foot before reporting to Han Jing.
Zhou Yafu took a six-horse carriage to Xingyang to meet the soldiers. When he arrived in Luoyang, Zhou Yafu was very happy when he saw the opera Meng. He said, "The Seven Kingdoms rebelled. I didn't expect it to be so safe by bus here. I thought the vassals had occupied it. The drama has never wavered until now. I am guarding Fuyang, and I don't have to worry about it east of Fuyang. " When he arrived in Huaiyang, Zhou Yafu asked the doorman Deng Dewey, "What's the good plan?"
The generals said, "Wu Chu's army is full of momentum, so it is difficult to confront it head-on for the time being. But Chu soldiers are frivolous, and their sharpness cannot last long. Now I think about the general. Why not lead troops to the northeast, stay in Changyi and give up the land to Wu Jun? Wu Jun must try its best to send an elite army to attack Liang. The general dug deep trenches, built fortifications and devoted himself to defense. Then, he sent elite soldiers to cut off the main roads of Huai and Yi, and blocked the provision of food for the State of Wu. In this way, Wu Jun was not only exhausted in Liangdi, but also ran out of food. Then we will attack Wu Jun, which is hungry and tired, and we will definitely beat them. " Zhou Yafu adopted this scheme. So, while sticking to the south of Changyi, Zhou Yafu sent soldiers to cut off Wu's route for providing foodstuff. When Liu Bi sent his troops for the first time, his courtier Tian Lubo was a general. Tian Lubo said: "If there is no other special route, it will be difficult to succeed if the troops gather westward. I'd like to take 50,000 men west along the Yangtze River and Huaihe River to meet the soldiers from Huainan and Changsha, and then meet Wang at Wuguan. This is also a special route. " However, Liu Ju, the king of Wu, advised Liu Bi: "My father rebelled in the name of rebellion. It is difficult for such an army to disguise others. What if the rebellion of the artificial king is disguised? And if you lead your own troops and take another road, there will be many other disasters in the future, which are only harmful and useless. " So Liu Bi didn't listen to Tian Lubo's plan.
General Huan advised the King of Wu, saying, "Most of the Kingdom of Wu is infantry, which is more conducive to fighting in dangerous places. Most of the Han people travel by car, which is more conducive to fighting on the ground. I hope that the cities that the King passed through will not be captured one by one, but will go straight ahead and quickly occupy the arsenal in the west of Luoyang. According to Aocang Migu, relying on the danger of mountains and rivers to call the princes, although they have not entered the customs, the world has been decided. If the king moves slowly and leaves his troops to occupy the cities he passes through, if China's military vehicles ride into the flat countryside of Liang Chu, it will be a failure. " Liu Bi asked the veterans for advice. The veterans said, "this is just a trick for teenagers to show their edge." How can he know the direction of the world? " Therefore, Liu Bi did not adopt the strategy of General Huan.
Liu Bi led a concentrated army to go to war, but before crossing the Huaihe River, all his guests were appointed as generals, captains, Hou, Sima and other official positions, except Zhou Qiu.
Zhou Qiu went to see Liu Bi and said, "I can't serve in the army because I am incompetent. So I dare not ask the king to let me lead the army, but I hope that the king will give me a Jeff of the Han Dynasty and I will repay him. " Liu Ying gave him a Jeff. Zhou rushed to Xiapi overnight. When Xiapi heard that Liu Bi had rebelled, they all stood at the city gate. After Zhou Qiu arrived at the Sichuan Society, he summoned the order from Pixian County and asked his followers to fabricate charges and kill him. Later, they called together rich officials familiar to their brothers and told them: "The rebels of the State of Wu are coming, and they can slaughter the people of Xiapi with just one meal. Surrender now, the family will be preserved, and those with strong ability can even be sealed. " They surrendered as soon as they went out to tell each other.
Zhou Qiu got thirty thousand troops overnight, and sent someone to tell Liu Bi to take these troops to the north to attack the city. By the time Zhou Qiu arrived in Chengyang, the strength had increased to hundreds of thousands, and the captain Chengyang's army had been breached at one stroke. Later, I heard that Liu Bi was defeated and fled, and could not achieve his career together with the prince of Wu, so he led his troops back to Xiapi, and died of jaundice in his back before he arrived.
Defeated and killed in BC 154 (the third year of Emperor Jingdi), Liu Ying's army collapsed in February. Emperor Han Jing therefore wrote a letter to the generals: "I heard that good is rewarded with good, and evil with evil." Emperor Gao personally recommended meritorious people and established princes. King Wang You and King Wang Hui had no heirs and the country was abolished. However, Emperor Wen pitied them and gave them another favor, appointing his son Liu Sui and his son Liu N as kings, so that they could serve the ancestral temple of the former king and become vassal states of the Han Dynasty. This good deed can be compared with heaven and earth, and can compete with the sun and the moon. Liu Bi, the king of Wu, violated morality, was ungrateful, lured fugitives from all over the world, confused coins from all over the world, and said that he was ill and had not been in court for more than 20 years. A company called many times to tell the prince of Wu about his crimes. Emperor Wen forgave him and hoped that he would turn over a new leaf. Unexpectedly, instead, he rebelled with Wu, Sui, Jiao Wang N, Ji Biguang, Zichuan and Jiaodong Wang Xiongqu and did something rebellious. They rose up and endangered the ancestral temple, maimed the ministers and envoys of the Han Dynasty, intimidated thousands of people, killed innocent people, burned houses and dug graves. This is a very tyrannical act. Now King N of Jiaoxi and others are even more cruel and heartless, burning the ancestral temple and stealing its utensils. I hate them very much. I walked out of the main hall in casual clothes, hoping that the generals would persuade you literati to attack the rebels. To fight against the rebellious enemies, you must go deep and kill more enemies to get honor. All captured enemies, as long as they earn more than 300 stones, must be killed and cannot be spared. Anyone who dares to speak the imperial edict and disobey it will be punished by beheading. "
Liu Bi crossed the Huaihe River at the beginning, followed Liu E to the west, defeated the Han army on the spine wall, and then advanced sharply. Liang Xiaowang was so frightened that he sent a general to attack Liu Bi, who was defeated twice, and all the troops fled back to Liangdi. Liu Wu sent messengers to Tiao Hou for help many times, but Zhou Yafu refused. Liu Wu had to send someone to criticize Zhou Yafu in front of Han Jing. The emperor sent someone to tell Zhou Yafu to save Liang. But Zhou Yafu insisted on the original battle plan and did not send troops to save Liang. Liang Pai and Zhang Yu were the generals, but they defeated Wu Jun by a narrow margin.
Wu Jun wants to go west, and Liang Jun stands by the city, and the garrison is very strong. So I couldn't go west, so I ran to the place where Zhou Yafu's army was stationed. When the two armies met in Xiayi, Wu Jun wanted to fight the Han army, and the deep trench barrier in Zhou Yafu refused to accept the challenge. Wu Jun is out of food, and the ranks are hungry. Repeatedly challenging Zhou Yafu, Zhou Yafu refused to meet the challenge, and at night he ran to the southeast of the back barrier to harass. Zhou Yafu sent people to the northwest to guard against it. Wu Jun really attacked from the northwest. As a result, Wu Jun was defeated, and most soldiers starved to death or rebelled and fled.
At this time, Liu Bi and his 1000 warriors fled overnight, crossed the Huaihe River and fled to Dantu in order to save Dongyue. There were more than 10,000 soldiers in East Vietnam, so Liu Bi sent people to gather deserters. The Han Dynasty sent people to lure East Vietnam for profit. Dongyue cheated Liu Bi, and when Liu Bi went out to join the army, Dongyue sent someone to assassinate him, put his head together, and quickly sent a car to find Emperor Han Jing.
Historical evaluation of Liu Bang: "If there is a reverse phase."
Liu Qi: "Wang Wuying turned his back on morality, seduced the outlaws in the world, and messed up the money in the world, saying that the disease would not last for more than 20 years."
Sima Qian: "The king of the prince of Wu belongs to his father. Can be thin and collected, so that it is complicated, so as to be good at mountains and seas. The germination of rebellion, since the son xing. Fight for skills and die; The pro-Vietnamese begged for the Sect, but it was destroyed by the barbarians. Chao Cuo is far-sighted for the country, but disaster is close at hand. Yuan Ang is right, spoil first and then humiliate. Therefore, the ancient governors were only a hundred miles away, and the mountains and seas were not sealed. "Don't kiss my brother, to hydrophobic its genus", refers to Wu Xie? "If you don't take the lead, you will suffer." Is it wrong or wrong? "
Ban Gu: "Wu Wang's good interests in mountains and seas can make his people lean on and gather together, and make his rebellion flourish in his son. The ancient princes were only a hundred miles away, and the mountains and seas were not sealed, so they were built to prevent this. Chao Cuo is far-sighted for the country, and disaster comes from his mouth. If you don't take the lead, you will be blamed for it. What a mistake! "
Chen Lin: "Wu is arrogant, arrogant, arrogant. He caused chaos, and he used his own army to make the country rich. When Tai Wei looked at Xingyang, the seven national armies disintegrated the curse of ice, and the blade of Dantu trapped his chest. "
Fang: "So the bravery of Chiyou He, the power of Yi Yin and Huo Guang, the cleverness of Li Laohe, the military talent of Sun Wu, the rock support of Wu He and Chu Lian, their property and inheritance are the foundation of their mother and son. They should not be lucky, and there will be no emperor in the end. "
Sima Zhen: "Wu Chu is light and fierce, and Wang Bi is virtuous. Rich because of mining mountains, suffering from a situation. X cherishes two ambitions and connects seven countries. The baby's life began to be supervised, and the wrong punishment did not stop. Regret is brought to the north. "
Grandfather of family members: Emperor Liu Taigong.
Grandma: Mrs. Zhao Wei
Father: Liu Xi, Heyanghou (Liu Zhong, first king, was later demoted to Heyanghou because he abandoned his country and fled, and posthumous title became king after his death).
Brother: Dehou Liu Guang
Children: Liu Xian, Liu Zihua and Liu Ju.