1. Month-homesick, pregnant

Nostalgia: Looking up, I found it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly remembered home.

The dew turns to frost tonight, and the moonlight at home is bright!

Huairen: For example, I hope people will live for a long time.

At this time, I don't know each other. I hope China will shine on you every month.

2. Chrysanthemum-a portrayal of noble personality

For example: Mulan's morning dew, Qiuju's falling out of England.

In autumn, the bushes, like Taoist priests, are more and more inclined around the fence. It's not that chrysanthemums are favored among flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless.

It is better to hold incense in the branches and wait for death than to blow it into the north wind.

3. Plum blossom-a portrayal of noble personality

Exodus: scattered into mud and ground into dust, only the fragrance remains.

Don't boast about the good color, just let the air be full of dried Kun.

4. rambling-one of the three friends who are lonely, straightforward and cold.

Exodus: Don't you have a bad cold? Pine and cypress have nature.

When you are cold, you know that pine and cypress will wither.

Later, wealth has faded, and cold pines and cypresses are still there.

5. Lotus-a symbol of love

Lotus is homophonic with pity, so it can be used to express love.

Exodus: Lotus is picked in autumn in Nantang, and the lotus is over the head. Bow your head and get lotus seeds, green as water.

6. Indus River-Desolate and Sad

Exodus: Indus is drizzling and dripping at dusk.

A cry of autumn leaves, a small banana and a little sadness, tears and dreams after midnight.

7.cuckoo-sadness, homesickness

According to legend, the king of Shu ordered Du Yu to look forward to the emperor. He lived in seclusion in the mountains because he was forced to give way to his courtiers. After his death, his soul became a cuckoo. In spring, cuckoos will crow until their mouths are full of blood. In addition, the cuckoo's cry seems to be calling: "It is better to go home." Also called Zigui, it often evokes the homesickness of wanderers.

Example: Pear blossoms are snowy and the moon is sad, while cuckoos are weeping for blood.

Jathyapple, what comes to us is the melancholy voice of Du Fu, a sad empty mountain.

From now on, I will leave Jiangnan Road and become a crow with blood.

8. Qiu Chan-noble and noble, sad

After autumn, cicadas will not live long. After several autumn rains, there were only a few intermittent moans.

Exodus: My heart was cold and sad. The pavilion was late and the shower began to rest.

I listen to cicadas, and I miss visitors in the south.

9. Hongyan-homesick, sad when traveling.

(It is also the messenger of sending books in ancient poetry)

Example: the word "wild goose" returns, and the moon is full of the West Building.

Small print means business is average. It's hard to feel that the geese are in the clouds and the fish are in the water.

10. Willow-Separation from Love

Exodus: Where will you wake up after drinking tonight? Fear is just the edge, facing the sad morning wind and the setting sun of the waning moon.

The rain in the early morning moistened the dust of the land, the inn of the inn, the branches and leaves of the inn, and a new leaf

1 1. Changting Nanpu-a farewell place

Example: Where is the return trip? The long pavilion is shorter.

Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is blue.

12. Cao Fang-from hatred

Example: the grass by the green river, thinking hard.

13. Banana-loneliness and sadness

Exodus: Where does sadness synthesize? Leave people's hearts to autumn. Even if it doesn't rain, it will be cold.

14. Qiangdi-a sad voice

Exodus: Why should the strong brother blame the willow? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass.

15. Crow-a sign of decline and desolation

Exodus: After sunset, Western jackdaw in the west counts, and the water flows around the lonely village.

Respondent: Bi Shi-Tong Sheng level12-1412: 51.

Collection and Interpretation of Common Images in Poetry

(225235) Zhang Guangxiang, Dinggou Middle School, Jiangdu City, Jiangsu Province

The national college entrance examination in 2002 17, appreciating the significance and function of "breaking willow" in Li Bai's poem "Smelling flute in Los Angeles on a spring night". Many candidates either don't know what it means or are arrogant. Because the implication of "folding willow" affects the thinking of the second question, the score of this question is generally low. The reason is that I don't know that many images in classical poetry have special meanings. Why does "folding willow" mean "farewell and nostalgia" (the answer to the question)? According to "Huang Tu Sanfu Bridge", "Baqiao is a bridge across the water in Chang 'an East. Han people sent their guests to the bridge to see them off. "It turns out that' folding willows' is a farewell custom in the Han Dynasty. There is a poem "Folding Willow" in Han Yuefu, which expresses the pain of parting journey. Plus this song "Who can't afford to be homesick? "Understand the context, the meaning is clear. From this, we can't help being familiar with the meanings of some common images in the preparation for the appreciation of ancient poetry in 2003.

As we all know, the creation of poetry is very subtle and concise. Poets' lyricism is often not the direct expression of feelings, nor the direct indoctrination of ideas, but the expression of one thing at a time. When writing about scenery, they express their feelings with scenery, and when singing about things, they express their feelings. The "scenery" and "things" written here are objective "images"; The "emotion" expressed by borrowing scenery and the "ambition" expressed by chanting things are subjective "intentions"; The perfect combination of "image" and "meaning" is "image" It is not only a portrayal of real life, but also the crystallization of the poet's aesthetic creation and the carrier of his emotional thoughts. The cleverness of a poet often lies in his ability to create an image or a group of novels to express his feelings implicitly.

On the other hand, only in the process of understanding the meaning of images can readers grasp the content of poetry, understand the theme of poetry, enter the artistic conception of poetry and perceive the poet's emotions. Therefore, the reading appreciation of poetry must be based on the interpretation of poetic images and the familiarity of poetic images. Below, the author analyzes the meaning of some common images for students to review and prepare for the exam.

Moon in China's ancient poems, it is a common brushwork to use the moon to set off feelings. Generally speaking, the moon in ancient poems is synonymous with homesickness. Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night: "The foot of the bed is bright, is there frost?" Looking up, I found that it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly thought of home. " How does this poem express Li Bai's feelings? Homesickness. The moon in the poem is no longer a purely objective image, but an image full of poet's feelings. Du Fu's "Remembering Brothers on a Moonlit Night": "He knows that the dew will frost tonight, and the moonlight at home will be bright! "Dew is always white, but tonight is whiter, because it feels like tonight; The moon is unknown everywhere, and my hometown is brighter because I miss my brother and my hometown. The poet takes fantasy as reality to highlight his nostalgia for his hometown. In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Jian wrote "Looking at Du Langzhong at Fifteen Nights": "Tonight, the moon is full, and I don't know whose house Qiu Si will fall." The poem points out the universal human feelings of this full moon night with euphemistic questions, and implicitly shows the poet's deep yearning for his hometown friends. And Zhang Jiuling's poems in the Tang Dynasty, such as "The sea changes, the bright moon is in the sky" (looking at the moon and thinking about a distance) and "I want to ask the Wujiang River with ulterior motives, but I want to see it in my dream" (Wang Changling's "Li Chang Cao Zhai Night Drink" in the Tang Dynasty), are basically the same feelings.

Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum can't be compared with peony or orchid, but as the flower of Ao Shuang, it has always been favored by literati. Some people praise its strong character, while others appreciate its lofty temperament. Qu Yuan's Lisao: "Drinking Mulan Dew in the morning and eating Qiuju in the evening are not beautiful." The poet symbolizes his noble character by drinking dew and eating flowers. Tang Yuanzhen's Chrysanthemum: "Autumn bushes are like Taoist priests, and the more they surround, the more inclined they are. It's not that chrysanthemums are preferred in flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. " Expressed the poet's pursuit of firmness and noble character. Other poems, such as "I'd rather hold incense in the branches and die than blow it in the flowers" (Cold Chrysanthemum by Zheng Songxiaosi), "Dew in the Lonely East, Sand shines before the gold" (Two Chrysanthemums after Chongyang by Song Fan Chengda), all use chrysanthemums to express the poet's spiritual quality, and the chrysanthemums here undoubtedly become a portrayal of the poet's personality.

Plum blossoms bloom cold first, and then blossom fragrant. Therefore, plum blossoms, like chrysanthemums, are admired and praised by poets. "Plum Blossom" by Chen Liang, a poet in the Song Dynasty: "A flower changes suddenly first, and ten thousand flowers are fragrant later." The poet grasped the characteristic that plum blossoms are the first to bloom, and wrote the quality of being the first in the world and not afraid of setbacks. This is not only Yongmei, but also praising himself. Wang Anshi's plum blossom: "It's not snow when you know it from afar, because it has a delicate fragrance." The poem not only describes the reasons why plum blossoms are scattered by the wind, but also implicitly shows the purity and whiteness of plum blossoms, which has received the artistic effect of good fragrance and lewdness. Lu You's famous sentence "Yongmei": "Scattered into mud, crushed into dust, only fragrance remains." Plum blossom is used to describe a person's unfortunate experience of being destroyed and his noble sentiment of not wanting to go with the flow. "Mo Mei" by Wang Mian in Yuan Dynasty: "Don't boast of its lewdness, just leave the air fresh and dry." It is also the plum blossom that shows that it is unwilling to go with the flow, shallow and profound.

Pine trees are a model of fighting frost and snow, and naturally they are the object of praise. Li Bai's "Book for Huang Shang": "I hope you are loose, but be careful not to be peaches and plums." Wei always flatters powerful people, and Li Bai writes poems to persuade him to be an upright person. Serina Liu in the Three Kingdoms gave his younger brother: "Don't suffer from cold, pine and cypress are sexual." The poet used this sentence to encourage his cousin to be as loyal as sending pines and cypresses, and to maintain noble quality under any circumstances.

Lotus is homophonic with "lotus" and "cherish", so there are many poems about lotus in ancient poetry to express love. For example, "Xizhou Qu" by Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties: "Lotus is picked in autumn in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the lotus is over the head; Bow your head to get lotus seeds, which are as green as water. " "Lotus seed" means "Reiko Kobayakawa" and "green" means "clear". There are both real and imaginary here, which means pun. The rhetorical device of homophonic pun is used to express a woman's deep yearning for the man she loves and the purity of love. Thirty-five songs in Jin's "Forty-two Midnight Songs": "The fog reveals the lotus, but the lotus is unclear." The dew in the fog hides the true face of the lotus, but the lotus leaf is not very clear. This is also a way of homophonic pun, writing about a woman who vaguely feels that the man loves her.

Platanus acerifolia is a symbol of desolation and sadness. For example, Wang Changling's Poem of Long Letters in Autumn says, "The phoenix tree in Jinjing is yellow with autumn leaves, and the bead curtain does not frost at night. The smoked jade pillow has no color, and you can listen to the Nangong for a long time. " It is about a girl who is deprived of youth, freedom and happiness. In a desolate and lonely palace, she lay alone, listening to the palace leak. The first sentence of the poem begins with a phoenix tree with yellow leaves by the well, which sets off a bleak and cold atmosphere. Xu Zaisi, a poet in the Yuan Dynasty, wrote "Double Water Diversion and Rain Fairy at Night": "A sound of Ye Qiu, a little banana and a little sorrow, dreaming of the third night." Use buttonwood leaves to fall, rain to hit banana, and write down all your worries. Others, such as "One leaf makes a sound, and the empty steps drip to the light" (Tang Wen and Ting Yun's "More Leaky"), "The phoenix tree is raining even more until dusk" (Li Qingzhao's "Slow Voice") and so on.

In the ancient cuckoo myth, Du Yu (Wang Di), the king of Shu, was forced to give way to his courtiers and live in seclusion in the mountains. After his death, his soul became a cuckoo. Therefore, the cuckoo in ancient poetry has become a symbol of desolation and sadness. Li Bai's "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left, and Long Biaoyao had this letter": "Huayang fell to the ground and Wendao Longdu crossed five streams. I am worried about the bright moon, and I will go to Yelangxi with the wind. " The cuckoo is a kind of bird. The first sentence is the scene of eyes, which conveys the feeling of parting and sadness in the bleak natural scenery. Three or four sentences express infinite nostalgia and deep sympathy for friends with the rich imagination of caring for the bright moon. He Zhu, a poet of the Song Dynasty, wrote "Remembering Qin E": "In the middle of the night, pear blossoms and snow just fell in the atrium; Pear blossoms are overwhelming, and azaleas cry blood. " In the middle of the night, the moonlight shines on the snow-white pear flowers in the courtyard, and the cuckoo is mourning, which makes people miss their loved ones more and makes their hearts ache. Poets express their deep homesickness by describing sad scenery. Others, such as "the lonely pavilion is cold in spring, the cuckoo sounds in the sunset" (Walking on the sand), "Zi Gui still cries blood in the middle of the night, but he can't call it back if he doesn't believe in the east wind" (Ling's "Sending Spring"), all express his sadness or homesickness with the cuckoo's wailing.

The images of partridge birds and partridges also have specific connotations in ancient poems. The song of partridge makes people sound like "I can't live without my brother", which is very easy to evoke the association of hard journey and full of parting. For example, "Autumn dusk is full of grass, and the partridges are far away" (Li Qunyu's "Jiuzipo Smells the partridges" in the Tang Dynasty), "Worrying about the river in the evening, the mountains are deep and the partridges smell" (Xin Qiji's "Bodhisattva Man, Writing a Wall in Jiangxi").

Cicadas don't live long after the cold autumn. After some autumn rains, cicadas will make a few intermittent moans, and their lives are at stake. Therefore, chilling has become synonymous with sadness. For example, Dondero's "Chanting Cicada" begins with two sentences: "The cicadas in the west are singing, and the guests in the south are thinking deeply." Singing in silence makes you deeply homesick in prison. Liu Yong, a poet in the Song Dynasty, began: "Cold cicadas are sad, the pavilion is late, and the shower is early." Before the direct description of parting, the feeling of "sadness" has filled the reader's heart, brewing an atmosphere that can touch parting. Poems such as "Crying on My Side" (Three Kingdoms Cao Zhi's "Wang Biao as a White Horse") also express this feeling.

Hongyan Hongyan is a large migratory bird, which moves southward every autumn, often causing homesickness and wandering sorrow. For example, Xue Daoheng, a native of the Sui Dynasty, wrote: "People return to yan zhen and think before spending." I had the idea of going home long before the flowers bloomed. But when the geese returned to the north, people had not returned home. When the poet was an official in the Northern Dynasties, he sent envoys to the Southern Dynasties and wrote this homesick poem, which was subtle and tactful. There are also thoughts written by geese, such as "I hear that geese are homesick at night and sick in the New Year" (Ouyang Xiu's play answers Yuan Zhen), "When the stars cross the building and the flute leans against the building" (Zhao Wei's "Looking at the Autumn in Chang 'an" in the Tang Dynasty), "The stars are cold and blue, and the geese are sad and red" (. There are also letters referred to by Hongyan. Everyone is familiar with the allusions of Hongyan biography, and the application of Hongyan as a messenger in poetry is also very common. For example, "The geese don't answer me when crossing the river, and the river is full of autumn water" (Du Fu's "To Li Bai at the End of the Sky"), "Shuo Yan handed out a book and Xiang Yan dyed more tears" (Li Shangyin's "Lisi").

In addition, there is a metaphor for the girl's nostalgia with the maturity of plum, such as "looking back at the door, but smelling plum" (Li Qingzhao's "Dianjiang Lip"); Use floating clouds as a metaphor for wandering wanderers, such as "I want to think of you in the floating clouds, so I think of me in the sunset" (Li Bai's "Seeing Friends Off"); Yuanyang refers to loving couples, such as "why not give up your life if you succeed?" It is better to be a mandarin duck than a fairy "(Tang Lu's" Ancient Meaning Chang 'an "); Lilac refers to sadness or complex, such as "I have been worried about seeing lilac knots since Nanpu Bie" (Tang Niuqiao's Thanksgiving) and so on.