"The sound of gongs and drums in each village and the sound of bangzi in each village" was a true portrayal at that time, and some passers-by even shouted bangzi tune while walking, which was called "road play". After liberation, under the guidance of the party's policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and bringing forth the new", Wenshang Bangzi made some innovations and staged some modern plays, which still shone brilliantly until the 1980s.
With the deepening of reform and opening up, the establishment of market economy and the development of economic globalization, people's ideas, lifestyles, living environment, thinking concepts, life tastes, aesthetic standards and artistic pursuits are all changing. Economic and social concepts, fast-paced lifestyle, superior living environment, thinking concept of keeping pace with the times, brand-new life taste, aesthetic standards of the times and diversified artistic pursuits will undoubtedly not change traditional things, but the result of change is desalination. At the same time, movies, television, literature and art, Quyi, etc. Always innovating. While competing fiercely with the new scientific and technological means of modern art, drama itself is also competing fiercely. As a result of the competition, drama has been greatly challenged and impacted. In the economic and social environment, some people think that this kind of art is "old", "ancient" and "earth" and can be rested! All these make Wenshang Bangzi, an ancient traditional art drama, fall into a trough. If it is not rescued and excavated, this natural art drama from primitive ecology will tend to die out.
Wenshang County Party Committee and County Government and Wenshang County Cultural Bureau have intensified the excavation and protection of Wenshang Bangzi, restored the operas of Wenshang Bangzi, successively filmed traditional plays such as Erlang Mountain, Laoyangshan Mountain and Zhao Haoqi, and actively organized the creation and rehearsal of new dramas, which greatly promoted the development of Wenshang Bangzi. On June 5438+1October 65438+April 2007, Erlang Mountain, selected by Wenshang Bangzi Troupe, went to Guangrao to participate in the "2007 China Opera Plum Blossom Competition Finals", and Comrade Liu Taihua won the title of "China Red Plum Blossom" in one fell swoop. The difference between Cao Zhou Bangzi and Wenshang Bangzi can't be clearly distinguished by historical state administrative divisions. Commercial road is a play road, and waterway is a play road. Folklore, pronunciation and taste are also operas. Although the traffic information in history is not developed enough, what kind of drama, what kind of drama, even what kind of famous characters and what kind of voice are liked by the audience in a certain area are all conventions. In addition, the difference between music melody and individual performance style of actors is the main point of drama genre division. In particular, the phonology of tunes, as Wang Jide said in "Ten Tunes of Qulv" in the Ming Dynasty, "the music basket is in the song, and the color is singing", which leads to the formation of different schools. Geographically speaking, from north to south, guanxian, Shenxian, Yanggu, Liangshan, Yuncheng, Juye, Jinxiang, Yutai and Weishan in Shandong include their county-level areas, with Bangzi epidemic area in Wenshang in the east and Bangzi epidemic area in Cao Zhou in the west. Cao Zhou Bangzi should also include the development area of Henan.
Although Cao Zhou Bangzi and Wenshang Bangzi are both high-profile, they belong to two different schools in artistic expression style and artistic pursuit. They are different in repertoire, business system, traditional programs, phonology and intonation, and master-apprentice inheritance.
The close relationship between Cao Zhou Bangzi and Sha Hetiao in southeastern Henan and northern Anhui, as well as "Yudong Opera" and "Xiangfu Opera" in Henan is the direct reason for the formation of these two schools. Or the difference between inheritance and development. In short, Cao Zhou Bangzi mainly performs some plays about myths and legends, family ethics, love between men and women and folk life. There are more plays by Sheng Dan.
On the other hand, Wenshang Bangzi takes the court life and political and military struggles with historical themes and the love stories of rebellious heroes as the performance level. There are many robes and many pythons. Black-faced and red-faced martial arts dramas and big Tsing Yi dramas are the mainstream, that is, the performance pattern with "door head" as the top card.
This difference is not absolute, that is, it is not a fixed system, but a complex with changing forms. Or there is a local phenomenon that you have me and I have you. During the development of Gaoqiang Bangzi, there are also Shengdan operas in Wenshang Bangzi, and there are also many black-faced martial arts operas and Tsing Yi operas in Cao Zhou Bangzi. Generally, it is because of different people, different times, different classes and different audiences. Therefore, the two schools of Shandong Bangzi can be objectively understood and analyzed only by tracing their roots and observing their changes. In any case, this is a benign development. The artistic exchange between Cao Zhou Bangzi and Yudong Opera, Xiangfu Opera and even Sha Hetiao first expanded the popular area of Gaoqiang Bangzi, enhanced the artistic expression of Gaoqiang Bangzi, attracted more audiences, improved the single performance style of traditional Chinese opera, made remarkable progress in vocal art and programming skills, and promoted the cultural exchange between Lu Yu Province, thus deepening and expanding the influence scope of Lu Bangzi. The famous actor of Shandong Bangzi is the representative of singing in Wenshang Bangzi.
When Zhang Guiyuan was studying drama in Lu Opera School, his teachers were Li and Ding Xianwen. Ding and Li studied drama and studied under the artists of Cao Ban in Wenshang. After graduation, he mainly worked in Wenshang and Jining, then joined the troupe of Jining Buddhist Temple, and then went to Juye. After the establishment of Lu Opera School, they were hired as teachers. 1980, Zhang Guiyuan accepted Xin Cai as his teacher, and Ren Xincai was an artist of Liangshan Jingban. Jingban also has a deep relationship with Cao Ban in Wenshang. When Jing Shou Jun founded Xiaojing Class on 1934, the main teacher Zhao (stage name "Gai Jiuzhou") was a teacher of Cao Class in Wenshang, but Jing Shou Jun did not hire a teacher. After graduating from Jingban, Ren Xincai sang in the troupe of Foye Temple in Jining. He worked with Duan and Dou for a long time and was deeply influenced by Duan. Duan is also an artist who graduated from Cao class in Wenshang (Duan Jianguo attended Juye Dayao class before, and also worked as a protagonist and teacher. There are also several artists from Cao Ban who went with them, so they still have deep roots with Cao Ban in Wenshang. Later, Ren Xin went to Xuzhou, where he became famous. Jining and Xuzhou are two docks occupied by Wenshang Bangzi artists for a long time. Therefore, judging from these clues, Duan, Ren Xincai, Zhang Guiyuan and Yao Yuezhi are all inheritors of the art system of Wenshang Bangzi. There is no doubt that Mr. Liu's singing is a bangzi system in Wenshang. When I was young, I worshipped Yu An as a teacher to learn drama. Yu An was Hua Dan of Cao Ban in Wenshang. Liu's father, Liu Buyun, is the Qingyi and Peking Opera blues of Cao Ban in Wenshang, and Yu 'an is Liu Buyun's brother. Hou Yangcun is a member of the early flight Bangzi class in Yuncheng. The teachers of Zaohang Bangzi class are partly descendants of Liangshan Jingban and partly descendants of Yao Ban, and they are still inextricably linked with Wenshang Bangzi. Where have all the artists from Cao Zhou Bangzi Class gone? I mainly went to Henan, Shangqiu, Kaifeng, Bianxian and Zhengzhou. Huang Ruxiu, Wang Xitang and Zhao Yiting are all representatives of Cao Zhou Bangzi.
We can draw a conclusion from the above literature: Duan, Dou, Ren Xincai, Yao Yuezhi, Liu, Zhang Guiyuan, Hou Yangcun and Xu Xiangyun, the famous artists of Shandong Bangzi, are all representatives of singing in Wenshang Bangzi, and they have inherited the art of Wenshang Bangzi. Their activities cover southwestern Shandong and northern Jiangsu, which proves that the singing of Wenshang Bangzi is typical.