The Eight Immortals are the eight Taoist gods widely circulated in Chinese folklore. Before the Ming Dynasty, there were different versions of the name of the Eight Immortals. There were the Eight Immortals of the Han Dynasty, the Eight Immortals of the Tang Dynasty, and the Eight Immortals of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The immortals listed were all different. By the Ming Dynasty, Wu Yuantai's "Journey to the East" was originally defined as: Tieguai Li (Li Xuan), Han Zhongli (Zhongli Quan), Zhang Guolao (Zhang Guo), Lu Dongbin (Lv Yan), He Xiangu (He Qiong), Lan Caihe (Xu Jian), Han Xiangzi, Cao Guojiu (Cao Jingxiu). According to the textual research of lay scholar Huaxuan, the theory of the Eight Immortals began to appear during a gathering at Stalagmite Mountain at the invitation of Tieguai Li in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty. Later, eight immortals crossed the sea, each showing his magical powers and famous sayings.