She was one of the four talented women in ancient China: Cai Wenji, Li Qingzhao, Zhuo Wenjun and Shangguan Waner (Ban Zhao).

Wenji Cai

Cai Wenji is a famous man. His names are Wenxi and mingji. Her father is a famous scholar Cai Yong.

Cai Yong is Cai Boxiao, and there is a lyric of Pipa, which says that Cai is afraid that after winning the top prize together, he will deny his wife Zhao Wuniang and not marry the daughter of the Prime Minister, which can be said to be a deep slander to the ancients. There was no champion in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and there was no such thing as not marrying the prime minister's daughter. In this regard, Lu You once lamented in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Who is in charge behind the scenes and listens to Cai Zhonglang every other village."

It is impossible for Cai Yong to win the highest prize, but it is a fact that his talent was universally recognized at that time. During the reign of Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty, there were many errors in proofreading books, so he wrote books on the stone tablet and outside the university. At that time, the students of later generations were studying in this stone, reading what Mo wrote every day. These stone tablets were damaged by unrest and fire in Luoyang. 1800 years later, farmers in the suburbs of Luoyang dug up several stones with handwriting on them when plowing their fields. They were identified as Cai Yong's calligraphy in those days, and now they are treasured in the History Museum.

Cai Yong is a great writer and calligrapher. Liang Wudi called him: "The book of Cai Yong is full of vigor and vitality, and it is refreshing." Fan Wenlan, a contemporary historian, said: "The art of writing in the Han Dynasty reached its highest level when Cai Yong wrote the Shijing." His calligraphy is neat but not dull, quiet and vivid. In addition to the Book of Songs in Jiaping, it is said that Cao E's tablet was also written by him, with natural composition, strong brushwork and ups and downs of words, without seeking beauty, but with simple and innocent interest.

In addition, Cai Yong is also good at astronomy, mathematics and physics. He is a leader of Luoyang literary circles, such as Yang Ci, Ma, Cao Cao, etc., and has become a generation of masters. He often goes to Cai Yong House and asks Cai Yong for advice.

Cai Wenji was born in such a family. It is natural that he is knowledgeable, literate, good at poetry and prose, articulate and cadence. It can be said that Cai Wenji had a happy childhood, but the changes of the times interrupted this happiness.

Cai Wenji married Wei Zhongdao at the age of 16. The Wei family was a royal family in Hedong at that time, and Wei Zhongdao was an excellent university student. The couple loved each other very much, but it didn't last long. Less than a year later, Wei Zhongdao died of hemoptysis. Never gave birth to a son and a half daughter, the Wei family thought she killed her husband. At that time, Cai Wenji, who was arrogant, resolutely returned to his family despite his father's opposition. After his father died in prison, Wenxi was plundered by Xiongnu. She was only 23 years old this year and was accepted as a princess by Zuo. She lived in South Xiongnu for 12 years and gave birth to two sons. During this time, she also learned to play Hu Jia and some foreign languages.

In the 13th year of Jian 'an (208), Cao Cao remembered the friendship of his good friend Cai Yong and learned that Moon Hee was living in the southern Xiongnu. He immediately sent Zhou Jin as an envoy with a pair of gold and white jade to redeem her. She is thirty-five years old this year. Under the arrangement of Cao Cao, she married Dong Si, a captain, and the famous "Battle of Red Cliffs" broke out this year.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of Cao Wei, it was an era full of blood and tears, grief and pain. The poet patiently collected blood and tears, grief and pain, and brewed a sad song of the times. Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Wang Can are all outstanding male singers of this era. In this vibrant, sonorous and sad chorus of the times, a passionate soprano is particularly eye-catching. She is a woman writer who suffered from war and separation all her life-Cai Wenji.

When Cai Wenji and Dong Si got married, the couple's life was not very harmonious at first. Cai Wenji suffered from chaos and sadness, and he was often in a trance; While Dong Si was in his prime, he was born with good looks, read widely and thought highly of himself. She naturally felt a little uncomfortable with Cai Wenji, but at the behest of the Prime Minister, she was forced to accept her. In the second year after marriage, Dong Si committed a crime and died. Regardless of bad blood, she came to the Prime Minister's Office of Cao Cao to plead. Cao Cao remembered the friendship with Cai Yong in the past and the tragic life experience of Cai Wenji. If Dongsi was executed, Wenxi could hardly survive, so he forgave Dongsi.

From then on, Dong Si appreciated his wife's kindness and re-evaluated Cai Wenji. The husband and wife also saw through the world and lived in the foothills with beautiful scenery and lush trees. A few years later, Cao Cao passed by hunting and visited. Cai Wenji and Dong Si have a son and a daughter. The daughter married Sima Shi, the son of Sima Yi.

Wenxi was married three times in her life, and her fate was bumpy. Ding Kuang described her marriage in Aifu, Cai Bo as follows:

The daughters of a large number of people in Iraq are naturally blessed by God;

China twenty-eight years, Deng Lin fresh.

The six pillars of the Ming Dynasty are still true and serve the language of women's history;

After attending the Qing training in the imperial court, you can understand the cloud.

When there is a beautiful month in March, return to the sky;

Drag Rodin's petticoat and wear Cui Jin's gorgeous glitter.

Envy and glory with hair, sorrow and frost have been countless;

How can we grow old together and enjoy our old age?

Wenxi is well-read and gifted in music. When she was 6 years old, she listened to her father playing the piano in the hall. Through the wall, she recognized the voice of his father playing the first string. Father was surprised and deliberately broke the fourth string, which was actually pointed out by her. When she grew up, she became a piano superman. She misses her motherland in Alakazam day and night. After returning to the Han Dynasty, referring to the timbre of Hu people and combining his own tragic experience, he composed a sad and heartbreaking piano piece, Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia. After her marriage with Dong Si, she became sentimental, separated and wrote a poem of grief and indignation, which was the first autobiographical five-character narrative poem in the history of China's poetry (of course, some people thought it was forged).

According to legend, when Cai Wenji interceded for Dong Si, Cao Cao was deeply saddened to see Cai Wenji in the severe winter, and ordered someone to bring her a headscarf, shoes and socks and let her live in her own house until Dong Si came back. In a small talk, Cao Cao expressed his admiration for the original library in Cai Wenji. Cao Cao was deeply disappointed when Cai Wenji told him that the 4,000 books originally hidden in his home were lost after several wars. He was overjoyed when he heard that Cai Wenji could recite 400 articles. So Cai Wenji wrote 400 articles from memory, which is completely correct, showing that Cai Wenji's talent is high. Solitude and self-admiration continue the history of Han Dynasty, and blood and tears write the Spring and Autumn Period. Cai Wenji's works handed down from generation to generation include Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia and Poems of Sorrow and Anger, which are called the first autobiographical five-character narrative poem written by literati in the history of China poetry. "True feelings are poor in nature" and passion is sour, which is integrated into Jian 'an's poems.

[Edit this paragraph] Li Qingzhao

Li Qingzhao

Li Qingzhao (1084- 1 155), an outstanding female writer in Southern Song Dynasty, was born in Mingshui, Zhangqiu (now Jinan). He is famous for his poems, poems and poems, and enjoys a high reputation in the history of China literature. Zhao Qing's words are wonderful, unique, unprecedented and unprecedented. He is honored as the natural and graceful founder and a monument in the history of spiritual civilization in China.

Li Qingzhao is the most talented woman, born in the family of famous officials. When she was young, she never forgets anything, speaks amazingly and reads widely. Qilu's magnificent mountains and rivers contain the creative spirituality of Qingzhao, and she became famous in her girlhood.

After the marriage, Qingzhao and her husband Zhao Mingcheng hit it off as soon as they met. "A husband is like a good friend." . However, the good times did not last long, and the struggle between the old and new parties in North Korea intensified. A pair of mandarin ducks are separated alive, and Zhao Li faces each other across the river, suffering from lovesickness.

Later, Jin Jun went south, and the Southern Song Dynasty was corrupt and incompetent, destroying the Great Wall. Zhao Mingcheng was full of love, but unfortunately he died before he could conquer it. Seeing the destruction and death of the country, Zhao Qing "persevered in hardships". In her later years, when she was "searching, desolate and miserable", she worked hard to compile "The Story of the Stone" and completed her husband's unfinished business.

[Edit this paragraph] Shangguan Waner

Shangguan Waner (664 ~ 7 10) was a poetess in the Tang Dynasty. A native of Shaanxi County (now Henan Province). Shangguan Yi's granddaughter. As the first prime minister, she inherited all the talents of her grandfather, and was good at poetry and brilliant. After Shangguan Yi was found guilty, he did not enter the palace, nor did Shangguan Waner and his mother Zheng Shitong receive gifts. Mother Zheng is Taichang's sister. Under Zheng's training, Shangguan Waner was familiar with poetry and knew well about officialdom. In the second year of Yifeng (677), she was fortunate to be smart and able to write poems. When the marquis of Wu proclaimed himself emperor, he ordered many people to be called "butlers".

At the age of fourteen, she was enchanting and gorgeous, beautiful and light, smiling like a flower, and poised. In addition, she was born smart and beautiful, she read brilliantly and wrote thousands of words. In the second year of Yifeng, Shangguan Waner was summoned to the palace by Wu Zetian and put forward a proposition on the spot for him to write according to the topic. Shangguan Waner's calligraphy is exquisite and elegant, and her calligraphy is like a hairpin. Wu Zetian saw the great joy and immediately ordered him to be exempted from his handmaiden status and put him in charge of the imperial edict of the palace. Since then, the imperial edicts formulated by Wu Zetian have been written by Shangguan Waner. The queen repeatedly exclaimed: "This woman is absolutely extraordinary!"

In the first year of Shenlong (705), after the restoration, it was still favored by Emperor Zhongzong and Empress Wei, specializing in drafting imperial edicts. He also had many contacts with Princess Taiping and had an affair with Wu Sansi. It was suggested that Zhongzong should expand the library and add a bachelor's degree to comment on world poetry on behalf of the court. He also manipulated politics with Wei Hou, Princess Anle and others, established private political parties and accepted bribes. In the fourth year of Jinglong (7 10), Zhongzong collapsed, and Wei Hou wanted to serve Wuhou and proclaimed himself emperor. Li Longji, king of Linzi, staged a coup, killed Wei Hou and Princess Anle, and established his father Tang Ruizong. Shangguan Waner greeted the imperial secretary with a candle and showed Liu Youqiu the testamentary edict drafted by her and Princess Taiping. Liu Youqiu took the testamentary edict and begged Li Longji for mercy, but Li Longji insisted on killing Shangguan Waner, who was only 46 years old. In the early years of Kaiyuan, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty collected Shangguan Waner's works and compiled them into twenty volumes, with Zhang Shuo as the preface. The Complete Tang Poetry contains 32 poems left by him.

Wan'er drifted from place to place in the stormy weather and became the "uncrowned king" in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Wisdom, body, aura, talent ... With these magic weapons, Wan'er shuttled among the dignitaries in the DPRK and wrote a beautiful and sad chapter in his life.

[Edit this paragraph] Zhuo Wenjun

Lin Qiong, a native of the Western Han Dynasty, was a talented woman in the Han Dynasty. She is beautiful and talented, good at playing drums and piano, and has a rich family.

Zhuo Wenjun was born with beauty, good looks, smart and trustworthy since childhood, well-read, elegant and knowledgeable, with good poetry and lyrics, good temperament and good piano skills.

She is the daughter of Zhuo Wangsun, and has been living at home since her husband died. Many celebrities proposed to her, but she took a fancy to the poor scholar Sima Xiangru. Sima Xiangru can play the piano and write poems, from which Zhuo Wenjun realized his talent and emotion and fell in love with him wholeheartedly. The Sima Xiangru family had nothing in the world. After Zhuo Wenjun eloped with him, he opened a restaurant and became a shopkeeper, while Wen Jun became a busboy, not afraid of being laughed at. The grandson helped them because of their face, and they lived a rich life from then on. Later, Sima Xiangru finally became famous. The story of Wen Jun running at night is widely circulated among the people, and it is based on later novels and operas.

Sima Xiangru's literary talent, Zhuo Wenjun's beauty, white-headed resentment when selling wine, and Nagato's spirit were endowed; The suicide note of Guan Zen Temple has been circulated for a long time. There is also the famous "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix": "Feng Feng returned to his hometown, traveled around the world and asked her for the Phoenix. There is a beautiful girl in this hall, and the people in the room are poisoning my intestines. Why should she be a mandarin duck? " And Zhuo Wenjun's "White-headed Song": "Today, fighting against the party, Ming Dan ditch head, ditch water flows east to west. Very sad and sad, don't cry when you get married. You should be single-minded and unwilling to leave each other. What is a rod, what is a fish, and what is a man's loyalty? Why use a money knife? " There is also a sad farewell book: "Chunhua Fang Jing, five-color Su Ling, the sound of the piano is still imperial, and the new sound is replaced by the old one! Jinshui has a honeymoon period, and the Han Palace has water. This is new, and the embarrassing people in the world don't know! Zhu Xian is broken, the mirror is gone, the morning dew is exposed, the fragrance is off, the bald head sings, and it's so sad to leave. Try to eat as much as possible, don't miss my concubine and make soup with you! "

Zhuo Wenjun, a beautiful and intelligent woman, is good at poetry and playing the piano. Alas, at the age of seventeen, she was widowed at her parents' house. One night at dinner, Zhuo Wenjun, who had admired Sima Xiangru's talent for a long time, fell in love at first sight because of the passion of Sima Xiangru's song "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix". However, their love was blocked by their father. With longing for love, determination to pursue happiness and extraordinary courage, Zhuo Wenjun resolutely fled Zhuofu in the dark night and eloped with his beloved. I sell wine for a living. Life is hard, but their feelings are getting deeper and deeper. This is also the most romantic night running story among the love stories that have been handed down so far.

Since ancient times, most men have always let people down. Sima Xiangru is no exception. When he showed a little edge in his official career and was finally recommended as an official, he lived in Beijing for a long time, enjoyed all the beautiful women in the world, was proud of officialdom, and even had the intention of abandoning his wife and concubinage. The days when we were in trouble and loved deeply have long been forgotten. I don't remember a wife thinking about her husband thousands of miles away day and night. Wen Jun lived a lonely life, day after day, year after year. A song "The Bald Boy", "... Wen Jun had two opinions, so he came to reject each other. I hope to win a person's heart, and I will never lose my life. ..... "Expressed her persistence and yearning for love and a woman's unique firmness and tenacity. It also adds a bit of sadness to their stories.

Finally, one day, Sima Xiangru sent his wife a letter with 13 words: 1,234,567,891 million. Clever Zhuo Wenjun burst into tears after reading it. There is only one "100 million" missing from a row of figures. Isn't it a hint that my husband is not interested in himself? Her heart is as cold as water. With a very sad heart, I wrote a poem about Lang.

His poem says: After a farewell, the two places hang together. Although it is March and April, who knows five or six years. The lyre has no intention to play, the eight lines have no transmission, the nine-ring chain has never been interrupted, and the Shili Pavilion wants to wear it. I can't understand it, I can't understand it, so I have no choice but to blame Lang. There are thousands of words to say, and you are bored. On the ninth day, you can see the lonely geese, and the full moon in August is not round. In July and a half, incense is burned to ask the sky, and everyone shakes their hearts in the dog days of June. Pomegranate is like fire in May, but it is watered by cold rain. April loquat is not yellow, and I want to be confused in the mirror. In a hurry, the peach blossoms followed Shui Piao in March, and the kite string was broken in February. Hey, Lang Lang, I wish you to be a woman's man in your next life.

After reading his wife's letter, Sima Xiangru couldn't help marveling at her talent. Looking back on the love between husband and wife in the past, I was ashamed and never mentioned the matter of leaving my wife and concubinage again. This poem became Zhuo Wenjun's masterpiece digital poetry. Read it carefully, its love and hate are intertwined.

Zhuo Wenjun is clever. She redeemed her husband's betrayal with her wisdom. She managed her love and marriage wholeheartedly, and finally went through difficulties. In the end, they didn't abandon their initial love and final persistence. This also turned their story around and became a love story above the secular world.

Zhuo Wenjun, a talented woman with thought, courage, dare to love and hate. Her life should be worth living. For example, romantic fun run, such as love at first sight that can be met but not sought, such as hand in hand with the loved one to die, and so on. Women do this all their lives. What more can a husband ask for? Later, people also wrote a poem based on this incident: Wangjiang Pavilion.

When the furnace is brilliant and beautiful, don't remember that the piano is boundless.

I'm sorry I don't have a home.

The first four words of this sentence are connected like this: "Be honest".

[Edit this paragraph] Ban Zhao

In fact, there are different opinions about the definition of the four talented women. There is also a talented woman who is often mentioned. She is Ban Zhao.

Ban Zhao (about 49- about 120) was born in Fufeng Anling (now Xianyang, Shaanxi). Daughter of Ban Biao, sister of Ban Gu and Ban Chao, wife of Uncle Cao (), widowed at an early age. (History of Women in the Later Han Dynasty) has her records. Because Hanshu, its Eight Tables and the Chronicles of Heaven were not completed, the imperial edicts of the Han Dynasty and the emperor were continued from the East. After several summonses, the queen was called Master Cao (gū). There are seven commandments in three volumes.

Ban Zhao word Huiban, also known as Ji, has a family background and is especially good at literary talent. Her father Ban Biao is a great contemporary writer. Ban Zhao himself was often called into the palace, where the Pope waited for dignitaries to read the scriptures, and the palace addressed him as a teacher.

Zhao Fu, a female writer in Qing Dynasty, "continued the history of coming to the East, praising but refined".

Ban Zhao married Uncle Cao in the same county at the age of fourteen, so people called Ban Zhao "Cao Dajia".

As far as personality is concerned, Uncle Cao is lively and outgoing, and Ban Zhao is gentle and delicate. The couple can accommodate each other and live a very happy life.

Ban Zhao's literary talent is first manifested in helping his brother Ban Gu to fix Hanshu, which is the first biographical chronology of China and a good official history. People praised it for its good writing and materials, and it is as famous as Historical Records. Books are divided into several categories: Ji, Chuan, Biao and Zhi. When Ban Zhao's father Ban Biao started writing this book. After her father died, her brother Bangu continued to finish the work. Ban Gu, a Chinese character, can write at the age of nine, a little older. He has read a lot of books, and a hundred words are inexhaustible. Unexpectedly, when he was about to finish Hanshu, he died in prison because of the Dou Xian case. Ban Zhao learned from these mistakes, took over the work of his dead brother and moved on.