Bernard (J.D. Bernal,1901~1971), a famous scientist, is the founder of this subject, and his book The Social Function of Science published in 1939 laid the foundation of this subject.
Scientology studies not the specific content of science, but the specific activities of science, including the reasons and conditions for carrying out scientific activities, individuals and groups engaged in scientific activities, the development law of scientific activities, the impact of scientific activities on society, predicting the trend of scientific development and formulating the overall strategy of scientific development.
Even more specific scientific decisions-these are the social functions of science. Bernard once quoted Laozi, a famous philosopher in ancient China, as saying: "Tao, Tao and Tao are extraordinary; "Ming, Ming and Fei Ming" holds that we don't need a strict definition of science and Scientology, because too rigid a definition may damage the spiritual essence.
He adopted Price's view that Scientology is "the history, philosophy, sociology, psychology, economics, operational research and others of science, technology and medicine".
Science is a kind of social activity, and science cannot exist alone without society. Science and society interact with each other. As early as more than two thousand years ago, Zhuangzi told a story about the interaction between machines and people. Zhang Hanyin watered the vegetable garden with a big jar, which was tiring and slow. Zi Gong suggested that he use a mechanical device to draw water from the well, which was quick and good.
Hanyin's husband said, "If you have a machine, you must be organic, and if you have a mind, you must be organic." Of course, I know that mechanical energy saves labor, but I have learned to be opportunistic, so I will not do it. Zhuangzi was an idealist and opposed social progress, so Zi Gong had to give up.
It seems to us now that Mr. Hanyin's husband is of course sophistry. If he is serious, he shouldn't even wait for rain in a jar. Of course, Zhuangzi's view of science is not enough training. Bernard's book is the first time to study science itself seriously and systematically.
Bernard is a famous scientist and the founder of Scientology. He is one of the most influential intellectuals in the 20th century.
Bernard made great contributions to crystallography, liquid structure and molecular biology by using X-ray diffraction. He is an outstanding social activist. He was the president of the World Peace Council, attended the meetings of the Kremlin, the White House and Downing Street 10, and visited China twice to meet with Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou.