Ji Yun's ancestral home is Shangyuan County in Yingtianfu, and his family is Jijiabian. In the second year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (144), he was ordered to "move his surname to the real capital" (Qianlong's "Records of xian county"), saying that Tea Star moved to xian county, entered Anminli, and settled in the scenic town 9 miles east of xian county. To Ji Yun, moved to the north has been 14th.
in 1724, the second year of Yongzheng in Qing dynasty, Ji Yun was born at noon on June 15th of the lunar calendar. He was a dragon, and Ji Yun was the second son of Ji Rongshu.
In the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), I taught with Mr. Ji Ruai, and I met my father for the first time this year.
In the eighth year of Yongzheng (173), he took part in the boy test and got the nickname of' child prodigy' with excellent results. When Ji Yun was a child, he lived in Cuierzhuang, three miles east of Jingcheng. At the age of eleven, I entered Beijing with my father, and I studied in a quiet house.
in 174, Ji Yun, 17, married Ma Shi, 2, a neighboring county, and Ji Yun had a wife and six concubines.
I entered the official career for the first time
In 1743, I took the examination in August and won the first place. Ji Yun became complacent, and the eldest son was born in the same year, named Ji Ruji. The following year, after nine years of Qianlong (in 1744), he returned to his hometown and obtained the provincial examination. Ji Yun made a breakthrough and only got a fourth grade.
in the 12th year of Qianlong (1747), Ji Yun took the rural examination in Shuntianfu again, and won the championship with the first place in Xieyuan.
In the 13th year of Qianlong (1748), in the spring, I took part in the examination, but I was too conceited and was blocked from the entrance examination.
in the fifteenth year of Qianlong (175), Ji Yun's mother died on April 16th, and Ji Yun was in mourning until August of the seventeenth year of Qianlong.
in the 16th year of Qianlong (1751), Ji Yun stayed at home to observe filial piety, and failed to take part in the examination this year. The following year, in order to congratulate the Queen Mother on her 6th birthday, the imperial court opened an examination in August, but Ji Yun just didn't attend.
in the 19th year of Qianlong (1754), Ji Yun and others came to take the exam in Zhengke and got the 22nd place, followed by palace examination, palace examination and Ji Yun. Elected to Jishi Shu of the Hanlin Academy. Following the editing, he began his official career. In 1756, after 21 years as an official, Ji Yun accompanied him in driving the Jehol.
in the 23rd year of Qianlong (1758), he was appointed as the editor of Yingwu Hall.
in the twenty-fourth year of Qianlong (1759), he was the chief editor of Gongchen Museum.
in the 25th year of Qianlong (176), he was the chief editor of the National History Museum.
in the 26th year of Qianlong (1761), he was the chief editor of the General Plan Museum.
in the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong (1762), from the twelfth day of the first month to the fourth day of May, Ji Yun accompanied him on a southern tour. In May, he was ordered to study Fujian, and the official rank was prefect to study politics.
in the 3th year of Qianlong (1765), Ji Yun's father Ji Rongshu died in Cuierzhuang, xian county, and Ji Yun went home to mourn for three years.
in the thirty-third year of Qianlong (1768), he was awarded the magistrate of Duyun, Guizhou. Emperor Qianlong thought that Ji Yun was superior in learning, so he couldn't do his best to be an official in other provinces, so he stayed with him. In April of the same year, he was promoted to bachelor's degree. In June, according to the Records of Emperor Gaozong of Qing Dynasty, Lu Jian, a salt administrator of the two Huai Dynasties, was dismissed for corruption. Ji Yun was sent to Urumqi because he tipped them off. In October of the same year, he was sent to Urumqi to atone.
In the thirty-sixth year of Qianlong (1771), Emperor Qianlong was recommended by Liu Tongxun and recalled from Xinjiang. In early June, he went to the capital and temporarily lived in Zhuchao Street, where he was appointed secretary of the school.
In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong (1773), he served as the chief editor of Sikuquanshu Library, collecting 3,53 kinds of books and 79,337 volumes. He also revised the Summary of the General Contents of Sikuquanshu and Records of Rehe River. Successively edited, Zuo Shu Zi, assistant minister of the Ministry of War, Zuo Yu Shi, assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites and Shangshu.
in the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong (1774), in October, Ji Yun's second son, Ruchuan, broke the law because of dereliction of duty and tax arrears while serving as a general judge of Jiujiang Prefecture. Ji Yun was implicated, and the official department decided to demote him and transfer him. When Qianlong learned about it, he was sentenced to be demoted to three levels to remain in office.
in the forty-first year of Qianlong (1776), in the first month, Ji Yun was promoted to a bachelor's degree as a waiter and took charge of Wenyuan Pavilion. In February, I transferred my assistant to give a bachelor's degree. Sonomu, the leader of Dajinchuan. At this point, the whole territory of Jinchuan, large and small, was flattened. Ji Yun compiled Ya Ping Two Jinchuans and Ode to Ping Ping Two Jinchuans. In September, he was appointed as the official in charge of Wenyuan Pavilion.
in the forty-fourth year of Qianlong (1779), in March, Ji Yun was promoted to the position of Zhan Shi Fu. In April, he was promoted to bachelor of cabinet and assistant minister of does.
in the 45th year of Qianlong (178), just after the Lantern Festival in the first month, Qianlong made his fifth southern tour, accompanied by Ji Yun. Ji Yun was instructed by Liu Xixiong and Sun Shiyi to compile the List of Official Positions in Past Dynasties, which was completed in the 54th year of Qianlong.
in the forty-six years of Qianlong (1781), Ji Yun was appointed as the chief editor of the National Records of Qidan.
in the forty-seventh year of Qianlong (1782), Ji Yun and Lu Xixiong wrote a brief account of Heyuan in the forty-ninth year of Qianlong. In the same year, Siku Quanshu was completed. In his later years, he experienced
fifty years of Qing Dynasty Qianlong (1785). On the sixth day of the first month, Qianlong held a thousand banquets in the Qing Dynasty Palace, and Ji Yun attended.
in the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong (179), Qianlong celebrated his eightieth birthday and went to Jehol for the summer, accompanied by Ji Yun.
in 56 years (1792), Qianlong was the president of the Eight Banners Tongzhi Museum.
in the fifty-seventh year of Qianlong (1792), Ji Yun accompanied him on his sixth southern tour.
in the 6th year of Qianlong (1795), Ji Yun's wife Ma Shi died.
in the first year of Jiaqing, Qing dynasty (1796), he was appointed as the minister of war and moved to Zuodu as the imperial adviser. The following year, he moved to the official department. He served as a co-organizer of the university, and added a prince to protect him.
in the eighth year of Jiaqing (183), Ji Yun celebrated his eightieth birthday on June 15th.
On February 14th, the 1th year of Jiaqing (185), Ji Yun, aged 82, died in Beijing. Main achievements literature
Ji Yun's official career and academic activities started in the middle and late 18th century, which was an important pivotal period in the history of China's ideology and culture. Ji Yun has always been the leader of the official academic work, and he will always be in the middle of any editing or book revision. He led and participated in the compilation of many important classics in his life. Therefore, Ji Yun is a scholar who has made great contributions to the cultural history of China. He paid attention to Sikuquanshu all his life, and his Notes on Yuewei Caotang and Ji Wenda's Public Legacy Collection were handed down from generation to generation.
Sikuquanshu
The compilation of Sikuquanshu took 14 years from the opening of Sikuquan in February in the 38th year of Qianlong (1773) to the closing of Sikuquan in the 52nd year of Qianlong (1787). Ji Xiaolan has always been the chief editor, with 2 volumes of * * * Summary of Sikuquanshu, and 3,461 kinds of books have been officially put into storage; There are 6,819 kinds of books with more than 93,5 volumes. Because of the voluminous volume of the General Catalogue, it is inconvenient to check it, and it has been abridged and compiled into a concise catalogue of Si Ku Quan Shu with 2 volumes. There are 15 kinds of contributed books recorded in the catalogue of Sikuquanshu, and 41 kinds of them are registered. The collection of books includes "Spring Sail Correction", "Heart and Ancient People's Association", "Proofreading Books", "Hejian Ji Yun" and "Seal of the Book Collection of Ying Hai Ji's Yuewei Caotang".
Notes of Yuewei Caotang
Notes of Yuewei Caotang * * * has more than 38, words and 24 volumes, and the book is divided into five major columns, including six volumes of Luanyang Xiaxia Record, four volumes of So I Smell, four volumes of Huaixi Magazine, four volumes of Gu Zhen Listening, and Luanhe. In the fifth year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (18), it was published and printed by its disciple Sheng Shiyan. The book mainly describes the story of fox, ghosts and gods, aiming at persuading good and punishing evil. Although there is no lack of preaching of karma, it reflects the decay and darkness of the last days of feudal society through various descriptions.
Ji Wenda's Public Legacy Collection is a collection of poems and essays by Ji Yun, which contains 16 volumes of poems and essays and is divided into two parts. There are sixteen volumes in the first part, the first and second volumes are Fu, the third volume is Ya Song, the fourth and fifth volumes are Passbook, the sixth volume is Table, Expose, Imperial edict and Sparse, the seventh volume is Lun Ji, the eighth and ninth volumes are Prefaces, the tenth volume is Postscript, the eleventh volume is Book Postscript, the twelfth volume is Policy Questions and Books, and the thirteenth volume is Ming. Volume 14 is the epitaph, epitaph, lines and anecdotes, volume 15 is biography, volume 16 is epitaph and eulogy, and there are more than 3 articles written by * * *. Sixteen volumes of poems are compiled, eight volumes of poems are counted into classics, six volumes of ancient and modern poems, one volume of library lessons, one volume of my method collection, and more than one thousand poems are counted. It was compiled for his grandson Ji Shuxin four years after his death. Politics
Play the role of disaster relief victims
Politically, Ji Yun pays attention to the sufferings of the people. In the summer of the fifty-seventh year of Qianlong (1792), there was a flood near Beijing, and the hungry people flocked to the capital to eat. Ji Yun hurriedly told the emperor to stop the official grain of Nancao and set up porridge in the disaster area, so the hungry people in the capital did not drive away and the social order settled down. Although it was subjectively to maintain the rule of the imperial court, it helped the victims through the famine objectively, which can't be said to be a good governance.
safeguarding women's rights and interests
in politics, advocating "depending on the situation" and making use of the situation, we can't help but criticize Song Ru's harsh criticism in theory. Ji Yun hated the pedantry and hypocrisy of Taoists, and his words were sarcastic and sharp. In a story in Notes of Yuewei Caotang, a challenge was launched to Cheng Zhu's Neo-Confucianism on the category of heroic women. It is stipulated by the department that women who are killed during the festival are martyrs, and I commend them; For those who are "bound and polluted and unyielding to be killed", they don't treat him like a fierce woman, so they don't commend him. Ji Yun doesn't think so, because it's a purely ungrateful comment by Taoists. He openly and solemnly said: defending the knife and giving up his life, his ambition is no different from that of people who were killed in moral integrity. Like a loyal martyr, he swore not to be a thief. Although he was bound to bow down, it can be said that he knelt down and stole the court. "After his declamatory remarks, the emperor" ordered the relevant departments to make a general distinction and commend them ". Calligraphy Calligraphy in the early Qing Dynasty, due to the advocacy of Zhao Meng's and Dong Qichang's calligraphy by Kangxi, Qianlong and others, most contemporary calligraphers were also influenced by this atmosphere. Ji Yun also followed the contemporary trend and occupied a place in the contemporary era. His calligraphy is fluent, has the characteristics of harmony, and has a graceful temperament. His calligraphy is both large and small, with a combination of opening and closing, decent density and vigor, which can be said to be a perfect combination of practicality and artistry. Culturally, Ji Yun attaches great importance to the artistic effect of literary works. His style advocates simplicity and simplicity, naturalness and exquisiteness, and his content advocates no personal resentment and disobedience to the wind and religion. Apart from his class limitations, his ideas on style and morality still have their reference value today. Character evaluation
A Record of the Rain Window (Niu Ying-zhi): Ji Wenda is a public figure, and he likes humor, but many courtiers are insulted.
"Talk in the Garden" (Qian Yong): xian county Ji Xiangguo is good at banter, and everyone knows it.
Lu Xun: It's expensive to be lenient in life, and it's hard to forgive others.
The History of Sinologists in the Dynasty of China (Jiang Fan): Ji Yun is frank and funny, but suddenly he hears his words, which is almost humorous. After thinking about them, it is a famous saying.
"Twelve Poems about Continuing to Remember People: Ji Shangshu Yun" (Hong Liangji): Zi Yun writes the tongue of your majesty, and no one can talk about it in contemporary times.
Wang Deyue, a student from Ji Yun, said: My teacher ranks first in Taiwan Constitution. According to the respect of Zong Bo and Sima, his attendance at his class is as bleak as cold, and he is only prepared for his horses, clothes and diet, so is his frugality.
Chisokusai's Poems Sequel (Zhu Zhu): Zongbo Hejian, stuttering and good at writing books. Immersed in the "Four Treasures", the "Summary" has more than 1, volumes. In the past hundred generations, Haobo has been careful. Eating meat without eating millet is clear and turbid in the same jar. If you are not a true Buddha, you will hesitate according to your wishes.
The Grand View of unofficial history in Qing Dynasty: Gong (referring to Ji Xiaolan) never ate cereal or occasionally, but rice never tasted good. When drinking, only ten plates of pork and a pot of tea are served.
Xiao Ting Miscellany (Zhao Zai): Gong (referring to Ji Xiaolan) is 8 years old this year, and he is still lustful. He eats dozens of pounds of meat every day and doesn't spit a grain all day. It's really amazing.
A Random Record of Insect Sounds (collected from the book): Duke Ji Wenda said that it was a wild monster who turned around and took meat as his food, but there was no grain of rice at the entrance. Counting women in the sun, five drums are like once in the morning, once at home, once at noon, once at dusk, and once in bed, which is indispensable. In addition, those who are lucky on the spur of the moment are often there. Family member
elder
grandparent: the first grandparent of Ji family in Jijiaopo Jingcheng.
Gaozu: Ji Kun (157-1642), whose name was Houzhai, Kun, and Houzhai, was born in Ming Dynasty.
great-grandfather: Ji Yu (1632-1716), Yu, whose name was Runsheng, was attached to the supervisor's degree and was awarded to Zhou Tong.
Grandfather: Ji Tianshen (1665-1732), Tianshen, the second son of Run Sheng, was a favorite, a supervisor, and was admitted as a county official.
Father: Ji Rongshu (1685-1764), Rong Shu, whose word is Chibarbary, was a member of the Imperial Examiners in Kangxi.
Brother
Elder brother: Ji (176—1777), half-brother of Ji Yun.
subordinate brother: Ji Zhao (1717—177), subordinate brother of Ji Yun.
wives
wife: Ma Yuefang, (? -1795), the second daughter of Ma Zhou, a Jinshi of Dongguang, was from a neighboring county in Ji Yun.
concubines: Wen Luan, Guo Caifu and Shen Ming.
Children
The eldest son: Ji Ruwa (1743-1786), whose word is imperial and chivalrous, is a great scholar.
The second son: Ji Ruchuan (1747—1777), with the word Xucheng, was a judge in Jiujiang Prefecture and a tongzhi in jiangning house.
Third son: Ji Ruxiang (1766-? ), the word is like a court, and he used to be a county magistrate in Guangdong.
fourth son: Ji ruyi (1784-? ), the word Vance, the fourth son of Ji Xiaolan. Anecdotal allusions
There are many rumors that Ji Yun and He | have made enemies. In fact, the relationship between Ji Yun and He | is like forgetting to make friends. Young and | outgoing and provocative. The old and tactful Ji Yun will always kindly remind and |. The two have both quarrels brought about by different political views and tacit cooperation. At work, more is and | care for Ji Yun; In interpersonal relationships, it is more Ji Yun's help to Harmony. At the same time, Ji Yun is also very familiar with his own abilities. Although no one can compare with him in literature, he is far behind in governing the country and managing money. And Ji Yun itself is just a royal scholar, that is to say, there will be no irreconcilable conflict of interest between Ji Yun and Hehe |. On the other hand, two people were also the two most important pillars of the Qing Dynasty at that time, and the two ministers on whom Qianlong relied most. If there was a real fight, it would be impossible to have a prosperous time.
Ji Yun has a close relationship with Liu Yong
Ji Yun and Liu Yong. Liu Yong's father, Liu Tongxun, is the examiner after having obtained the provincial examination in Ji Yun. Ji Yun has always been grateful to Liu Tongxun for his kindness in meeting him. Then Ji Yun was sent to the case, and it was Liu Yong who was in charge. Even more coincidentally, it is Liu's adult who recommended Ji Yun as the chief editor of Siku Library. Liu Yong, the eldest son of Liu Tongxun. And | authoritarian for decades, internal and external ministers, all away, only Liu Yong, Ji Yun and other few ministers never attached. They are both good at writing and writing, but they all have a hobby of collecting inkstones. have