Learn and practice from time to time

Confucius’ famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Xue Er": "Confucius said: 'Learn and practice it from time to time, isn't it also said to be (pleasant)?'" Wang Su noted: "Recite and practice it from time to time, learning will not waste your work, so it is joyful." Wang Shi's "learning" and "xi" have the same meaning, which seems to refer specifically to recitation. However, Confucius taught people to learn the "six arts", including etiquette, music, archery, charioteering, calligraphy, and mathematics. "Recitation" is only "one end" (see Liu Baonan's "The Analects of Justice"). Huang Kanshu "Shi Xi" said: "Every study has three seasons." One refers to the year, the second refers to the season, and the third refers to the morning and evening. The contemporary Jiang Boqian believed that "learning is to know the new, and learning is to review the past" ("Introduction to the Thirteen Classics").

Be sensitive to things but cautious in speaking.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Xueer": "Confucius said: 'A gentleman has nothing to eat to satisfy himself, and a place to live without seeking peace of mind. He is quick to do things but cautious in speaking.'" Also in "The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren": "A gentleman wants to be slow in speaking but is sensitive to words." Yu Xing". The meaning is the same. It means to be diligent and quick in doing things, but cautious in speaking. Zhu Xi's note: "Those who are quick at doing things will do what they can't do. Those who are cautious about speaking will not dare to use up all the rest." (Analects of Confucius) Another explanation: "Things are difficult to do, so you must be quick; words are easy to say, Therefore, we must be cautious." (Volume 22 of "Zhu Zi Yu Lei") In addition, there are Confucius' words in "Xunzi Zidao", "Han Shi Wai Zhuan", "Shuo Yuan·Miscellaneous Words" and other chapters, "Be careful when speaking." Wow" record.

Learning without thinking will lead to failure; thinking without learning will lead to peril.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng": "Confucius said: 'Learning without thinking means losing sight; thinking without learning leads to peril.'" "Wang" means confusion. Zheng Xuan's note: 罔, still 罔罔 ignorant of appearance. "Peril" has two meanings: one is critical, which means uncertainty. One is fatigue, and the spirit is exhausted and there is no gain. When solved in the past. This sentence can be combined with the chapter "Reviewing the past and learning the new". Yang Shuda, a recent scholar, commented: "Those who review the past but cannot learn the new are learning without thinking; those who do not review the past but want to learn the new are thinking without learning." ("The Analects of Confucius") Confucius first advocated paying equal attention to learning and thinking, and he regarded Confucius as It has a profound impact on my disciples. For example, Zixia talks about learning and thinking carefully and "The Doctrine of the Mean" talks about learning and thinking carefully, both of which believe that learning and thinking cannot be neglected.

If a person has no faith, he does not know what he is capable of.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng" "Confucius said: 'If a person has no faith, he does not know what is possible.'" Zheng Xuan notes: "He who does not know what is possible means that his words cannot be implemented." Kong Anguo's note: "If you don't believe what you say, the rest will be useless." Zhu Xi said: "If a person does not have a true and sincere heart, then everything he says is false." (Volume 24 of "Zhu Zi Yu Lei") The recent scholar Jiang Boqian distinguished between trust and belief in two meanings: "What you say must be true; what you say must be fulfilled." ("Yu Yi Guang Jie") Confucius and later Confucian scholars attached great importance to trust, and "loyalty in words and sincerity in deeds" ("The Analects of Confucius, Duke Wei Linggong") was the Confucian principle of life.

Be slow in words but quick in deeds

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius: Li Ren": "Confucius said: 'A gentleman wants to be slow in words and quick in deeds'". Bao Xian's note: "Nause means slowness. The desire to speak is slow and the desire to act is fast." Zhu Xi quotes Xie Liangzuo's note: "It is easy to speak, so one wants to be slow; it is difficult to act hard, so one wants to be quick." There are many synonyms in the Analects of Confucius. Sentences: "Be careful what you say, and you will have few regrets" ("Wei Zheng"), "The ancients did not say what they said, and they were ashamed to bow without catching it" ("Li Ren"), "A gentleman is ashamed of his words and goes beyond his actions" ("Li Ren") "Xian Wen"), etc., can all reflect Confucius' consistent thought of emphasizing conduct and caution in speech. See "Be sensitive to things but cautious in speaking."

Mencius’ famous sayings

(1) Without rules, there will be no circle.

The translation cannot draw squares and circles correctly without compasses and rulers.

(2) Right, then determine the severity; degree, then know the length.

Only when the translation is weighed can one know its importance; only by measuring it can one know its length.

(3) People do not do anything, and then they can do something.

The translator must not do anything before he can do something.

(4) Although there are things that are easy to grow in the world, if they are violent in one day and cold in ten days, nothing can survive.

Translation: Even if there is a plant that is the easiest to grow, if it is exposed to the sun for one day and then frozen for ten days, it will not grow again.

(5) Those who advance sharply will retreat quickly.

Translation: People who move forward too quickly will retreat too quickly.

(6) The organ of the heart is thinking, and if you think, you can get it, and if you don’t think, you can’t get it.

Translation: The organ of the heart is responsible for thinking. Only by thinking can we obtain, but without thinking we cannot obtain.

(7) Born in sorrow and died in happiness.

Translation: Sorrow and suffering are enough to make people survive, and comfort and happiness are enough to make people die.

(8) Only benevolent people should be in high positions. Being unkind and holding a high position is spreading evil to others.

Translation Only benevolent people with high moral standards should be in a dominant position. If an unkind person with low morals is in a dominant position, his evil will be spread to the masses.

(9) If the emperor is unkind, he will not protect the world; if the princes are unkind, he will not protect the country; if the ministers and officials are unkind, they will not protect the ancestral temple; if the scholars and common people are unkind, they will not protect the four bodies.

Translation: If the emperor is not benevolent, he cannot preserve his empire; if the princes are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their country; if ministers and officials are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their ancestral temples; if ordinary people are not benevolent, they cannot preserve their own Body.

(10) If the king is benevolent, he will be invincible in the world.

Translation: If the monarch of a country loves benevolence, there will be no rivals in the world.

(11) Save penalties, reduce taxes, and make farming easier (n^u).

The translation reduces penalties and reduces taxes, so that people can cultivate deeply and carefully and get rid of filthy weeds early.

(12) The benevolent are invincible.

Translation: A man of kindness is invincible in the world.