Learn and practice from time to time, that is to say: "time" means to go back and forth; "Xi" means practice and action verification. The accurate translation is "learning a skill, a skill, Isn’t it a pleasure to learn a kind of knowledge and then verify it in practical actions over and over again?

This sentence of Confucius embodies a very important concept in traditional Chinese philosophy. The idea of ??"unity of knowledge and action".

When three people walk together, there must be someone who can be my teacher. It means that I should be open-minded to everyone.

⒉ When three people walk together, there must be a teacher worth learning from. I will choose their strengths and correct them based on my own situation. An extremely humble learning attitude. No matter who you are, as long as he has a skill or insight, you should learn from him and learn from other people's shortcomings and mistakes and not make them again.

Learning without thinking is a waste, thinking without learning is dangerous

Translation

Study without thinking, people will be blinded by the appearance of knowledge; thinking without learning, people will be confused by the appearance of knowledge; Doubts make it even more dangerous.

Notes

Quotes from "The Analects of Confucius: For Politics" - Confucius said: "Learning without thinking will lead to loss, and thinking without learning will lead to peril." /p>

Wang, to deceive and deceive the solution;

Poor, the book indicates danger.

Zhu Ziyun: If you don’t seek the heart, you will get nothing. The reason for this is dangerous and uneasy.

Cheng Ziyun: If one of the five principles of erudition, interrogation, careful thinking, discernment, and earnest practice is eliminated, it is not learning.

We can regard this sentence as the learning method advocated by Confucius. If you just read without thinking, you will only be led by the books, and you will be tired of the books and be confused by the appearance of the books. The so-called belief in books is worse than having no books. But just immersing yourself in thinking without accumulating certain book knowledge, and then researching and scrutinizing the knowledge can only be a fantasy, and the problem will still not exist. If it is solved, it will create more doubts and become more dangerous. Only by combining learning and thinking can we learn useful knowledge.

Confucius said: "I can live without food all day long and without food all night long." Sleeping and thinking is useless, it is not as good as studying. ”

Zi Xia said: “Erudition and sincerity, inquiry and careful thinking, this is where benevolence lies. ”

These all emphasize the importance of combining learning and thinking.

The Western philosopher Kant said, “Perceptual ignorance is blind, and intelligence without sensibility is empty.” It can be said to be strikingly consistent with Confucius's saying, "Learning without thinking will lead to failure; thinking without learning will lead to peril." It can be seen that the fundamental principles of human beings' knowledge and acquisition of knowledge are often the same regardless of their differences in region or race.

If you work hard and forget about food, if you are happy and forget about worries, you don’t know that old age is coming

This sentence indeed comes from "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer":

The original text is : Ye Gong asked Confucius about Zilu. Zilu was wrong. Confucius said: "The female Xi Bu said, she is a human being. She is so angry that she forgets to eat, and she is happy and forgets her worries. She does not know that old age is coming."

The translation is: Ye Gong asked Zi Lu what Confucius was. Zilu didn't answer such a person. Confucius (to Zilu) said: "Why don't you say something like this? He (Confucius) worked so hard that he even forgot to eat. He was so happy that he forgot all worries and didn't even know that he was getting old. He answered like this How wonderful!”

Why didn’t Zilu dare to comment on Confucius? This is caused by the dignity of teachers.

In ancient times, a student could not evaluate his own teacher. However, Confucius was also very practical as a teacher. The students did not evaluate him, but he himself was evaluated by the students.

Reviewing the past and learning the new can be a teacher

Confucius

Read the classics extensively, review the knowledge learned, and then gain new insights from them, They can also work hard to absorb new knowledge in order to integrate it. Only when you have achieved this level can you be called a teacher.

If you are not angry, you will not be enlightened, and if you are not angry, you will not be angry. If you raise one corner and don't turn it back with three corners, you will never recover.

Original text

Confucius said: "If you are not angry, you will not be enlightened, and if you are not angry, you will not be angry. If you raise a corner and don't turn it with three corners, you will never recover." also.

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Translation

Confucius said: "Don't enlighten him until he tries hard to understand it but can't; don't enlighten him until he understands it in his heart but can't express it perfectly. Enlighten him. If he can't draw inferences from one example, don't give him examples over and over again. ”

Commentary

Here is Confucius introducing his experience in education. He did not think that a teacher can achieve good teaching results by instilling words into students, but that The key lies in how to inspire students to think and ponder for themselves. It is not about asking the teacher to draw inferences for students and to draw inferences, but to inspire students to draw inferences and draw parallels. To do this, we must adhere to one principle: do not tell students the answers easily. , and don’t think too much for students, let alone instill standard answers into students. I think this is something that our teachers today should think about and learn from in teaching.

Smart teachers are teaching new things to students. Classes often start with asking questions or playing games, which on the one hand can easily focus students' thoughts, and on the other hand can inspire students' thinking. If students are simply fed ready-made answers, students often only know what they are. , I don’t know why, and I even lack the ability to use it flexibly and think independently.

For example, when you read this book, don’t think that the translation and commentary and analysis here are the only answers. You can try to understand the original text of "The Analects" from another perspective. If you are good at thinking hard, you will often find unexpected discoveries and surprises.