1956 February 17, after careful consideration, Qian Xuesen put forward "Opinions on Establishing China's National Defense Aviation Industry", and made incisive comments on the organizational planning, development plan and specific measures of China's rocket and missile undertakings. This opinion has been highly valued by the CPC Central Committee. Soon, Qian Xuesen was appointed to be responsible for establishing the first rocket and missile research institution in China-the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense. 65438+10.8-This is the first anniversary of Qian Xuesen's return to China. The Fifth National Defence College was proclaimed, with Qian Xuesen as its president. The new China's rocket, missile and space undertakings began a difficult course. A new career has begun, and there are many things. Qian Xuesen first gave a missile introduction to the newly assigned 156 college students, so that these technicians who have never seen missiles can understand the most basic professional knowledge. He drew up the study plan of aerodynamics, engine and other related majors, and guided the establishment of the research room of missile general, aerodynamics, engine and missile body structure. Jiuquan launch site. Like ordinary scientists and technicians, Qian Xuesen sleeps in tents, eats coarse grains and organizes missile tests, calculations, analysis and research. Under the difficult conditions of the sudden withdrawal of all experts from the former Soviet Union, he led China scientists to overcome various difficulties and successfully conducted the flight test of China's first missile on June 5, 1960+065438. Nie said happily at the scene: "This is an important turning point in the history of China's military equipment." 1966, 10/0 On October 27th, Qian Xuesen participated in the flight explosion test of China's first medium and short-range surface-to-surface missile with a nuclear warhead, that is, the "two-bomb combination" test of an atomic bomb and a missile. The successful explosion of a nuclear warhead over a predetermined location shocked the world. China's national defense modernization has once again achieved a historic leap. As a great scientist, Qian Xuesen is always forward-looking. Shortly after the successful launch of the first missile, Qian Xuesen organized relevant experts to discuss the development path of China's surface-to-surface missiles, formed the Opinions on the Development Path of China's Surface-to-Surface Missiles, and put forward the long-term development plan of China's short-range, medium-range, medium-range and intercontinental missiles. Subsequently, ground-to-air missiles, coastal defense missiles, solid engines, solid missiles, anti-missile systems and launch vehicles were also launched under his organization and coordination. 1965, 1 In June, he submitted a report to the Central Committee, suggesting that the research plan of China's satellites should be made as soon as possible and included in the national task. The engineering code of China's first artificial satellite was thus designated as "65 1 project", and Qian Xuesen was responsible for the overall technical coordination and implementation of the "satellite-arrow-ground system". 1On April 24th, 970, China's first artificial satellite "Dongfanghong-1" roamed the space, announcing to the world that the new China had ushered in the dawn of the space age.