"I teach Chinese, I teach Chinese, and I use language to educate people." "The core task of primary education is not only to impart knowledge and ability, but to seek the development of children's core literacy." "The ultimate goal of Chinese teaching is to teach students to learn how to be a man." Dou Guimei, president of tsinghua university primary school, injected fresh blood into the Chinese classroom, which has been wandering between "thinking class" and "training class" for a long time, with fragmented teaching content, unclear teaching objectives and rigid teaching methods. A few days ago, at the first international symposium on Chinese education, Dou Guimei and education experts, principals and Chinese teachers from home and abroad gathered in Hangzhou Tianchang Primary School. The theme is "paying attention to core literacy and changing learning and teaching methods".

Let the students stand in the middle of the classroom.

At the seminar, the teachers' greatest feeling about the Chinese class displayed by famous teachers is "simplicity". There is no exquisite PPT, no teacher's witty remarks, and some students' thinking is deepened step by step under the guidance of the teacher. In the lesson "Wonderful and Terrible" by Professor Lin Xin, the headmaster of the Fourth Primary School affiliated to Fuzhou Education College, Lin Xin guided students to feel their own personality and their parents' feelings independently in reading. When students misunderstand that the father in the article is "too harsh and unreasonable", Lin Xin does not simply give a conclusion, but lets students clear the fog in their own writing and emotional experience.

Not only that, in Lin Xin's class, desks are cleverly arranged in a U-shape, and students study and discuss together in pairs, face the teacher's questions, answer each other and complement each other. "Chinese classroom based on core literacy is to respect students' unique feelings, publicize students' personality and sense of participation, and let students truly become the masters of the classroom." Lin Xin said.

"In a good classroom, teachers will' disappear' on the floor." Li Yugui and Lin Xin, teachers of Taipei Mandarin Experimental Primary School, have the same view. Talking about the visit to Hamashima Primary School, Li Yugui said: "This is a primary school that participated in Professor Sato's' learning community' experiment. As visitors, we are asked to watch students' study rather than teachers' teaching. A really good class is to see students, hear students and think of students in class. "

"Let the students stand in the middle of the classroom." This is also the classroom goal pursued by Dou Guimei. Nearly 30 years of Chinese teaching practice has made Dou Guimei deeply realize that teachers should crouch down, regard children as partners in learning and growth, build a truly equal dialogue platform between teachers and students, and explore the mystery of Chinese learning with students. In her subject teaching, students experience the learning process of "what I have learned", "what I don't understand" and "what I want to learn further" through three links: pre-learning, co-learning and extension. All links are student-centered, and teachers are no longer monopolists of classroom questions, but listeners and guides of students' questions. A Fujian teacher once said to Dou Guimei with regret that "in class, you will never see your wonderful performances again". Dou Guimei asked, "Did you see the wonderful performances of the students? "The wonderful classroom that Dou Guimei thinks is not the teacher's lip service, but the students' profound understanding and wisdom expression.

Quiet is not necessarily a bad class.

"Look at these four paintings carefully and judge their order." Li Yugui just threw out a question when countless small hands raised their hands. In the face of these students who raised their hands, Li Yugui humorously reminded: "The most dangerous person in the world is the one who raises his hand too fast."

This reading class without textbooks, articles and reading aloud made the teachers present feel refreshed. Li Yugui showed seven pictures to guide students to observe the "change" and "unchanged" in the pictures, and ranked the pictures. After finishing the seven pictures, Li Yugui revealed the source of these pictures: it turned out that this is a book without words, and the excavator rings every year: the country has changed. The author records the changes of a small village in the past 20 years from the same angle at intervals of 3 years. Different from the traditional reading class, Li Yugui smashed the picture books and integrated them, allowing students to look at the pictures before telling stories. "The purpose of designing sorting is to cultivate students' ability to observe, record, infer and summarize data. "In Li Yugui's view, in today's highly developed information technology, the acquisition of knowledge can be achieved through the network, and the cultivation of ability is the key.

Most of the time in class, students are in a state of quiet thinking. With the increasing difficulty of the challenge, students go through the process of judgment and reasoning like detectives. "A quiet classroom has its own strength. The reason why students are reminded not to raise their hands too quickly is to give them more time to think quietly. " Li Yugui said the original intention.

In class, Li Yugui repeatedly reminded other students to listen quietly when a student was speaking. "Quick question and answer is not a real communication. Only by learning to listen and taking the thoughts of your peers to heart can real communication take place. "

Jiang, vice president of Tianchang Primary School and a provincial-level special-grade teacher, said frankly that Chinese classes aimed at cultivating ability are becoming a trend. Tianchang Primary School once put forward the concept of group reading. "This is a supplement to the intensive reading of a single text, so that students can learn to compare and distinguish among complicated information, thus improving their reading ability and thinking ability." Jiang explained to me.

The teaching of "covering everything" is likely to be "not covering everything"

"In traditional Chinese classes, teachers usually' chew' a text and then' feed' it to students. There are many links in classroom teaching and intensive knowledge points, which can be described as interlocking and walking on thin ice. After a class, students seem to be full of gains, but will such a class be effective? " During the seminar, the questions about Jiang aroused the teachers' reflection.

In the lesson "Wild Dogs on the Mountain" he showed, Jiang seized the turning point of the story and ran through the whole lesson with three questions: What makes you happy in the story? What makes you sad? Without this turning point, can Songji and Aka still live happily together? "Although there are not many teaching links in the design of this course, in the classroom, students have speculative and conflicting views, which is the value." Jiang believes that teachers' endless "full-time questions" can easily consume students' energy. Only when the questions are few and precise can students have time to think.

Dou Guimei felt the same way. Talking about his teaching experience in a school for the deaf in Suzhou, Dou Guimei still remembers it vividly. She taught Shi Tiesheng's "Missing in Autumn" lesson, in which the word "live well" appeared many times, which was what the mother in the late stage of liver cancer said when her paralyzed son tried to commit suicide. Throughout the class, Dou Guimei took the students to study and ponder the meaning of the word "live well". After class, a student said, "I want to live a more wonderful life in a wonderful life."

"When these words began to awaken students' sleeping hearts, real education began to happen. "Dou Guimei said," Different texts have different teaching emphases, some focus on the language itself, some focus on the improvement of thinking quality, and some focus on emotional experience. Teachers should be good at excavating the original value of teaching content. "

At the forum, teachers gradually reached a consensus that learning means teaching, less means more, and slow means fast. Only by giving students enough time and space can we explore their great potential.

(Editor: Zhejiang Education News)