According to human nature, it is more convincing for a person to be praised by others than by his father, because it is easier for a father to praise his son.
It is characterized by using familiar examples to demonstrate its own ideas. As far as its rules are concerned, that is, "being with yourself should be, and not being with yourself should be opposition; It's the same as doing it for yourself, but it's different from doing it for yourself. Zhuangzi comes from Zhuang Zhou in the Warring States Period.
Vernacular translation: when using fables, of course, you agree with your own views, oppose and deny your own different views, and advocate and evaluate your own right and wrong.
2. "Repetition": characterized by "discussing with the opinions of insightful and talented elders or ancestors". Zhuangzi written by Zhuang Zhou during the Warring States Period.
Translation of vernacular Chinese: As far as its rules are concerned, even those who are old but have no talent, virtue or way to be a man cannot take their remarks as an argument.
As far as its function is concerned, that is, in the chapter "Zhuangzi Tianxia" written by Zhuang Zhou during the Warring States Period, "the complex is true".
Vernacular translation: the argumentation form of this famous saying is similar to the "volume" and "quantity" of Indian logic; But in formal logic, the mistake of "relying on people" or "appealing to authority" is made, so this "truth" is not the concept of "truth" in formal logic.
It should be noted that there are roughly the following types of tautology in Zhuangzi:
(1) make up a person's speech as a reason for argument;
(2) using a real person to make up an event as a reason for argument;
(3) Take real people and stories as the reasons for the argument; Wait a minute. It can be seen that it is different from the quotations of pre-Qin philosophers to some extent.
3. "Yan Yan": and factual argumentation characterized by "factual statement". Everything has its inherent nature and function. "Yi Yan" comes from Zhuang Zhou's Zhuangzi in the Warring States Period.
Vernacular translation: that is, without careful consideration and any prejudice, that is, unintentional words.
Its rule is: in argumentation, things must be truly described, and what is said must be consistent with the nature of things. In other words, "words" cannot be subjective remarks, nor can they be valuable judgments, as long as they are in line with the things themselves.
From this perspective, Zhuang Zhou's Zhuangzi in the Warring States Period does not need personal prejudice such as value preference, which is a factual statement.
In Zhuangzi's view, the laws of nature are needless to say; If you really want to speak, you can only conform to the laws of nature, that is, this kind of speech only describes the laws of nature. As far as its function is concerned, it should be emphasized that facts speak louder than words.
Extended data:
There are three main ways to discuss a text, the proportion is: the whole text is "nonsense"; Nine tenths of words are "fables"; Seven tenths of the text is "tautology".
According to the relationship between logical categories, the extended relationship among nonsense, fable and tautology in a text is as follows: If fable is really included in nonsense, tautology is really included in nonsense, fable and tautology.
Then, the discourse mode of a text must be "nonsense", and the sum of the extensions of "fable" and "tautology" must be less than the discourse mode of a text.
From this, it can be inferred that all argumentation methods must be "nonsense", among which "fable" and "repetition" are the main ones, and there should be others.
China Social Science Network-A theoretical study of Zhuangzi's fable, reduplication and parody.