International Olympic Committee (IOC)
Lausanne, Switzerland is surrounded by mountains and lakes. The headquarters of the International Olympic Committee is located in a three-story building in this beautiful city. Surrounded by trees, flowers are in full bloom, reflecting the white bricks and red tiles of the building, which makes this quaint and elegant building look magnificent and full of youthful atmosphere.
International Olympic Committee. 1894 is headquartered in Paris after its establishment. 19 14 when the first world war broke out, its headquarters moved to Lausanne, which is known as the "international cultural city", in April of 19 15. There are Olympic Museum, Olympic Research Center, streets and stadiums named after Coubertin, and so on. For decades, Lausanne has made great contributions to the development of the Olympic Movement. No wonder some people call Lausanne the "Olympic City". The International Olympic Committee is also famous for its growing strength in this beautiful city.
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is the leading body of the Olympic Movement, a non-profit corporate body with legal person status and permanent inheritance rights. According to the ideal of Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic movement, the purpose of restoring the Olympic movement is to strengthen the friendship and unity among athletes from all countries, promote world peace and mutual understanding among people from all countries, and develop world sports. The Olympic Charter clearly stipulates that the purposes of the International Olympic Committee are: to encourage the organization and development of sports and organize competitions; Inspire and lead sports under the guidance of the Olympic ideal to promote and strengthen the friendship between athletes from all countries;
The International Olympic Committee, which has a history of nearly a hundred years, has made active efforts and great contributions to this.
The International Olympic Committee is a member. 1894 when the international Olympic Committee was first established, most of its members were appointed by Coubertin. After that, the IOC chooses its own qualified members. However, there was a time when the IOC selected its members, regardless of whether the country or region was related to the IOC or whether it was a member of the IOC, as long as it considered someone to be a celebrity in the sports field of the country or region. At present, the Olympic Charter stipulates that the elected members must be citizens of the countries or regions recognized by the International Olympic Committee and the countries or regions to which the Olympic Committee belongs, and live in the countries or regions.
Organizationally, the IOC is divided into the IOC Plenary Session, members of the Executive Committee and the President.
(1) The plenary session of the International Olympic Committee (hereinafter referred to as the plenary session) is a meeting attended by all IOC members on a regular basis and held at least once a year. The plenary session has the right to adopt, amend and interpret the Olympic Charter, elect members, executive members and president of the International Olympic Committee, and decide on major issues such as the host city of the Olympic Games. Her decision is final, so she is the highest authority of the International Olympic Committee.
(2) The Executive Committee handles all daily affairs to ensure the strict implementation of the Olympic Constitution and planning. The Executive Committee consists of 1 Chairman, 4 Vice-Chairmen and 6 Executive Committees, and is elected by secret ballot at the plenary session. In the Executive Committee, the term of office of the chairman is 8 years, and can be re-elected for 4 years. The term of office of the Vice Chairman and the Executive Committee is four years.
(3) The President of the International Olympic Committee is elected by secret ballot from the members at the plenary session of the International Olympic Committee held in the second year of the Olympic cycle. The term of office is 8 years, renewable for 4 years. He presides over all the activities of the International Olympic Committee.
The official languages of the International Olympic Committee are French and English, so it is required that elected members must be able to speak French or English. Generally, a country or region can only have one member. However, the International Olympic Committee believes that countries that actively carry out the Olympic Movement and have hosted the Olympic Games can have two members. Not every national or regional Olympic Committee has members of the International Olympic Committee.
At present, the IOC has 167 members, and few countries or regions have IOC members. 1894 When the International Olympic Committee was first established, the number of members was 14, and when it reached 1986, it was 9 1, representing the Olympic committees of 73 countries or regions, rather than the representatives sent by countries or regions to the International Olympic Committee. The host country or region has no right to replace these members or interfere in the election of members. In the past, members were appointed for life. Starting from 1965, elected members must apply for retirement at the age of 72. Members of the International Olympic Committee have been men for a long time, and it was not until 198 1 that the first female member was elected.
charter
The Olympic Charter, also known as the Olympic Constitution or Rules, is the general constitution formulated by the International Olympic Committee for the development of the Olympic Movement. The first constitution was initiated and formulated by Coubertin. 1894 was officially adopted at the Paris International Sports Conference in June. The main contents are the basic purposes and principles of the Olympic Movement and the related matters of hosting the Olympic Games. For decades, after many revisions and supplements, the basic principles and spirit formulated by Coubertin have not changed.
maxim
Olympic motto, also known as Olympic motto or slogan, is one of the purposes of the Olympic movement. The motto "Citius, Altius, Fortius" was put forward by Henri Martin Didong, a close friend of Coubertin, in 1895. He carved this sentence on the lintel of his school. Coubertin was full of praise for this \v After his proposal, 19 13 was officially approved by the International Olympic Committee and became the Olympic motto. 1920, which became a part of the Olympic symbol. In addition, some people take "sports is peace" and "it is important to participate, not to win" as their mottos.
Conference flag
The International Olympic Committee has its own flag. The national flag has a boundless white background and five interconnected rings in the center, which is what we call the Olympic ring. The colors of the ring are blue, yellow, black, green and red from left to right (monochrome can also be drawn). Coubertin chose them because they can sum up the colors of the national flags of member countries, but later there were other explanations for these five colors. In the Olympic Review (No.40) published in 1979, the International Olympic Committee emphasized that the meaning of the national flag and the five rings symbolizes the unity of the five continents, and athletes from all over the world gather in the Olympic Games with fair and frank competition and friendly spirit.
The flag of the International Olympic Committee was designed and produced in 19 13 according to Coubertin's idea.
19 14 It was first put forward at the Olympic Congress in Paris to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the restoration of the modern Olympic Movement. 1920 During the Antwerp Olympic Games, the Belgian National Olympic Committee embroidered the same pennant and used it in that Olympic Games. After the Olympic Games, Belgium presented it to the International Olympic Committee and became the official flag of the International Olympic Committee. The flag handover ceremony has been held in the opening ceremony of previous Olympic Games. The representative of the host city of the last Olympic Games handed the flag to the President of the International Olympic Committee, who in turn handed it to the mayor of this host city. Then keep the national flag in the city building for four years before sending it to the next host city. The national flag raised above the main venue of the last Olympic Games is a substitute.
According to the provisions of the Olympic Charter, the "Olympic rings" are the symbols of the Olympic movement and the special symbols of the International Olympic Committee. Without the permission of the IOC, no group or individual may use them for advertising or other commercial activities.