Aesthetic education is aesthetic education. The issue of aesthetic education in Chinese teaching is very important and should attract our sufficient attention. Among the factors that contribute to the overall development of young people, aesthetic education has a special significance. Soviet educator Suhomlinsky said: "Beauty is a powerful source of moral purity, spiritual enrichment and physical fitness." This illustrates the important position that aesthetic education plays in personal development. Aesthetic education includes social aesthetic education and school aesthetic education. School aesthetic education also includes aesthetic education in various subject courses, beautification of the environment, and aesthetic education activities. However, in curriculum aesthetic education, people often think that the responsibility lies only with music, art, etc., but fail to realize or pay attention to other subjects that can and should explore the factors of beauty, provide students with aesthetic education in a timely manner, and allow students to learn from their emotional experience. Master scientific and cultural knowledge.

Due to the characteristics of the Chinese subject, from a certain perspective, its aesthetic education task is even more unshirkable, and its role may be more important and profound. Aesthetic education in Chinese subjects can effectively purify the soul, cultivate sentiment, accumulate aesthetic experience, improve aesthetic appreciation, cultivate imagination, and develop the ability to think creatively. In short, Chinese language and aesthetic education are closely related. Aesthetic education plays an important role in Chinese teaching and is of great significance to students' physical and mental development. Moral education in Chinese language must be perfectly realized through aesthetic education. The idea of ??"integrating virtue into teaching" is a good idea, and the idea of ??"combining literature and Taoism" has long been known. For example, Han Yu's "Wen Yi Zhe Tao Theory" provides theoretical basis. However, various confusions will arise during the actual implementation. For example, after finishing teaching a travelogue, I concluded: "The article reflects the author's thoughts and feelings of loving the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. What should we do as a young person in the new era?..." Is this considered a success? Already? Are students really well educated? Besides, Chinese language has its own characteristics. Poems and poems do not seem to be "conveying the truth" every time, but "containing virtue" everywhere. Therefore, it is not appropriate to label all works in a far-fetched way. This is often the case in Chinese teaching practice. situations encountered. However, there is one factor that can be present throughout poetry and prose, and that is beauty. Social life, natural scenery, human language, etc. are very rich, and the works and articles that reflect all these are also colorful, which can arouse readers' sense of beauty. If students can be guided to "read words to express emotions", to taste the poetry and painting of nature in detail, to appreciate characters with different personalities, to experience the rich thoughts and emotions of human beings, to feel the profound philosophy of life, and to appreciate the unique architecture and works in the works, The beauty of art such as painting, sculpture, music, etc., and the beauty of language in different styles... In a word, let students feel and understand the world in an aesthetic way, and be influenced and influenced subtly. From pleasing, touching to educating, they can It enables them to cultivate noble aesthetic taste and generate a strong desire to pursue nobility, beauty and civilization from the depths of their souls, thereby making a qualitative leap in people's thoughts and spirits, and better achieving the goals of moral education. As we all know, the book "How Steel Was Tempered" has educated and inspired several generations of young people with its vivid artistic image, making them new communists. A scientific worker once said that it was those beautiful landscape poems and travel prose that made him deeply impressed by the cleanliness and beauty of nature, and made him determined to devote himself to the environmental protection cause of the motherland. This is the great achievement of aesthetic education. From this point of view, the essence of moral education in literature teaching is aesthetic education. Only by looking at the problem and putting it into practice can the Chinese subject not only have the characteristics of a "tool", but also gain a broader and deeper meaning. Implementing aesthetic education in Chinese subjects is a key to enhancing students' interest in learning and improving teaching quality.

How to cultivate students’ aesthetic taste in Chinese teaching? Next, I will talk about some of my superficial understandings on how to cultivate students' aesthetic ability in Chinese teaching.

1. Get into the teaching materials, let students directly experience the humanistic spirit of the works, and improve their aesthetic taste.

Suhomlinsky, an educator from the former Soviet Union, attached great importance to environmental education. He said "the walls of the school also speak", embodying the silent leader. A portrait of a celebrity can sharpen students' ambitions, a philosophical quote can make students meditate, and beautiful landscape paintings can inspire students' yearning for nature and love for the motherland. These can cultivate students' spirit, moral character, and sentiment. and infection. As a Chinese course with rich emotions and humanistic connotations, it has a profound impact on people's spiritual realm, and its shock to students' souls is also extremely profound. At the same time, the Chinese subject is at the forefront of education reform and is a leading subject. In the process of optimizing the quality structure and ability structure of people, no other subject can play such a comprehensive, profound and regular role as the Chinese subject, because successful Chinese teaching can It directly promotes the educated people to obtain what Mr. Xia Gaizun said is "harmony and development" in terms of basic abilities and basic qualities such as rational understanding, thought and will, moral sentiments, and aesthetic taste, thereby cultivating "people with the same spirit and flesh." So we In teaching, we should attach great importance to the cultivation of students' "thoughts and emotions, thinking quality, and aesthetic taste" through Chinese courses, and deepen and strengthen the influence and influence of humanism and emotion. Teachers should also give full play to their subjective initiative and pay attention to mobilizing the appeal of their own emotions. , add emotional color to knowledge and information, so that the classroom has a healthy, harmonious, warm psychological and responsible atmosphere.

We should try our best to make students have a sense of intimacy and enjoyment, make the classroom atmosphere relaxed, harmonious, and pleasant, and achieve emotional integration, so that students can enter the best learning state and at the same time, their aesthetic tastes can be subtly transformed and cultivated.

(1) Image beauty is contained in specific teaching situations. Teachers must be good at motivating students to pursue noble qualities and spiritual beauty

"Emotion" is contained in the text content, and "context" It is the overall picture composed of the text content. In low-grade reading teaching, creating situations so that children can be exposed to a rich and realistic atmosphere through their senses can drive children's enthusiasm for learning. Teachers can create an aesthetic artistic conception through vivid narration, wonderful pictures, intuitive performances, and the use of audio-visual equipment, so that children can understand their feelings and subconsciously accept aesthetic education.

Show beauty with illustrations and videos. In the lower-grade primary school Chinese textbooks, a large number of illustrations are drawn in various forms, with beautiful images and rich content. Properly guiding children to look at pictures not only cultivates children's observation and expression skills, but also stimulates children's beautiful emotions. For example, "Gujing" is a prose with beautiful words and artistic conception. When teaching, I first let the children read the text, and then I guided the students to appreciate the illustrations in the text in order: the ancient well at the east end of the village, and an endless stream of people carrying water nearby. These vivid pictures made the children relaxed and intoxicated. Among them, I really feel the hometown

Using music to render it and create a beautiful atmosphere. When teaching "Little Sandy", I recited the text and played lyrical songs, allowing the children to induce emotions in the music, experience the beautiful heart of the little boy, and be infected by the beautiful images, thus developing a learning character. The beautiful passions and actions of the heart.

Use language to describe and render beauty. On the basis of understanding the emotions of the text, the teacher uses contagious language that closely follows the theme of the text, and appropriately cooperates with some body language, which can also arouse children's effective perception, resonate with the content of the teaching material, and cultivate children's aesthetic perception ability. .

(2) Beautiful language is tasted from wonderful words and sentences.

Primary school Chinese texts have exquisite words and vivid context. By reading aloud, students can turn the abstract words in the text into concrete audible and perceptible aesthetic images, allowing the senses to appreciate the language through repeated aesthetic practice. Beauty, gradually improving students’ aesthetic perception. For example, in "Touching Spring", the author depicts a picture of beautiful mountains and beautiful waters where "a blind boy lingers among the lush flowers and leaves". He used the word touch to describe the blind boy's feelings about touching spring. From stillness to movement, the author described the beauty of nature in spring and how the blind boy touched spring. Careful appreciation can also induce students to sublimate their love for Guilin's landscape into a passion for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and the motherland.

(3) Real emotions require us to read carefully and silently to appreciate the beauty of emotions.

Primary school Chinese texts contain the author’s strong emotions, which may be passionate, tragic, direct, or implicit. Therefore, in teaching, students should understand the connotation of the work, experience the emotions in the text, and put the author’s words into the text. The emotions expressed in the article arouse students' emotional excitement, and reading aloud can best touch students' emotions with the emotions expressed by the author in the article, allowing students to feel the emotional beauty in reading aloud. "Observing the Tide" is a text for the fourth grade. When teaching, I guided students to watch multimedia courseware and read aloud with emotion. The students enjoyed visiting charming beaches, famous ocean parks, and bustling markets. At the end, I asked the students to share their experiences. Some said, Hangzhou is so beautiful! Some said that I really want to visit Hangzhou, and some said that West Lake in Hangzhou is like a beautiful girl. As the students read and talked, their excitement and pride were beyond words.

2. In connection with reality, teachers should be good at broadening students' reading channels so that students can feel the beauty.

Composition teaching in Chinese teaching is an important area for Chinese teachers to "teach and educate people". In this field, almost all means of Chinese teaching are included, and the ultimate purpose of Chinese teaching can be implemented, ranging from disseminating cultural knowledge, training reading and writing skills, enhancing thinking awareness, to cultivating character and sentiment, and establishing life ideals. Therefore, to cultivate students' aesthetic taste, composition teaching plays an extremely important role. It is necessary to go beyond textbooks and strengthen extracurricular reading and composition practice, and there is broad room for maneuver.

Chinese language education is mother tongue education, with inexhaustible educational resources and a unique language environment. Once language is connected with life, it becomes vivid and active. For example, listening to the beauty of music, discovering the beauty of painting, and appreciating the beauty of art, nature, science, society, and life can all be obtained from Chinese language learning, and can be learned from the heart and written accordingly. In turn, they are all ways to improve aesthetic taste. So how to cultivate students' aesthetic taste through composition teaching? The author believes that in composition teaching, students should be allowed to feel the beautiful world and construct emotionally attached articles while feeling it.

Composition teaching often starts with observation and description, which is actually the training of aesthetic taste and aesthetic sensibility. Grasping this link can cultivate accurate aesthetic orientation and good aesthetic psychology. We live in this world, and everything in nature and all living beings in human society infect and influence us all the time.

Beauty and ugliness, good and evil, truth and falsehood are all happening around us. How do we respond, how do we evaluate, how do we choose? This requires correct aesthetic point of view and taste. The thoughts and psychology of primary school students are in an unstable stage. Their aesthetic orientation is uncertain, their aesthetic taste is superficial and easy to wander, so the guidance of teachers is very important. An important step in cultivating aesthetic sensibility is for students to overcome the inertia of thinking, transform daily attitudes into aesthetic attitudes, and transform scientific classification standards into aesthetic classification standards. According to this aesthetic standard, the rainbow can no longer be the product of the interaction of sunlight, rain and fog, but a bridge leading to happiness. The poplar trees stand stubbornly, just like the embodiment of northern farmers. Since this kind of understanding is no longer pure logical reasoning or abstract contemplation, but the interpenetration of emotion and the external gestalt of things, the thing is moved from the rational world to the world where emotion and reason blend. This kind of aesthetic feeling makes all things shine with the glory of beauty, and inanimate things also have the meaning of life.

Cultivation of students' aesthetic taste in composition teaching can improve students' observation and expression, improve the development of students' cognitive ability, and enhance students' thinking ability, thereby enriching the emotional world and cultivating character and sentiment. With the feeling of the beautiful world, the articles written by students will gradually have sounds, shapes, colors, and emotions attached to them. They feel with their heart, conceive with their heart, and write with their heart. Thus ultimately forming one's own aesthetic perspective and taste.

Creating beauty requires rich imagination. Creating beauty is a higher realm of aesthetic education. Primary school students not only have the ability to perceive and appreciate beauty, but also have the ability to create beauty under the careful guidance of teachers. How should Chinese teachers guide students to create beauty in Chinese teaching? According to the age characteristics of the students and combined with the study of the text, students should be arranged to carry out some effective activities to create beauty.

Expression reading in Chinese teaching is an activity loved by students. It is both an appreciation process and a re-creation process. The reader seems to be immersed in the artistic conception of the text, blending his own feelings with the author's feelings, integrating the emotional attitude of the protagonist in the work into his own life experience, understanding the emotional color of his language, and then through the tone of the reading , postures, expressions, reproduce the artistic images in the text, and arouse their strong emotional resonance. Improve their ability to appreciate and create beauty in practice. "Autumn in Beidahuang" is a text in the first volume of the third grade. It depicts the natural scenery and harvest scenes of Beidahuang and expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of loving Beidahuang and his motherland. Does such a beautifully written article need any more explanation? At this time, instead of letting the students listen to the teacher's boring analysis, it is better to let the students experience the beauty of it through expressive reading. So I guided the students to read aloud, read by name, read in groups, and read collectively. While reading aloud, dial the appropriate points to remind them to appreciate and experience the emotions revealed in the work, and at the same time reproduce the beauty of the autumn of Beidahuang through their own reading, so that they can fully enjoy the joy of re-creation.

3. In guiding students’ extracurricular reading, I have also done my best to improve students’ aesthetic ability from the following three aspects.

(1) Interested reading outside of class.

Interest is the best teacher. Russian educator Ushensky pointed out: "Without any interest, forced learning will stifle students' willingness to master knowledge." Only when students have interest can they have an active need for extracurricular reading from the bottom of their hearts.

(2) Read good books and read well, and aesthetics will quietly emerge.

Curie said: "Books are society. A good book is a good society. It can cultivate people's feelings and temperament and make people noble." A good book, with its healthy Ideology educates people, inspires people with touching deeds, cultivates people with noble sentiments, attracts people with tense, thrilling and tortuous plots, and enriches people with scientific knowledge. Only by educating students to read good books can students be infected and influenced by the beauty of work, characters, society, and nature from good books, so that they can understand truth, goodness, and beauty, and establish a correct aesthetic outlook.

(3) Students’ aesthetic ability sprouts in reading.

Grasp the characters’ appearance, demeanor, language, movements and psychological activities to understand and read. Words express one's heart and actions reveal one's thoughts. A person's words and deeds reflect his heart and show his spiritual outlook. When the author writes about people, he shows the inner world of the character through the description of what the character thinks, says, does, and facial expressions. Therefore, when reading, you should focus on the character's demeanor, language, movements, psychological activities and appearance description, so that you can feel the character's spiritual outlook and feel the beauty of the character and the beauty of the work.

Catch the exciting passages and read them loudly. When students read outside class, most of them read silently, that is, silent reading. Reading silently is more conducive to understanding the content and center. Students should be asked to read the exciting passages in extracurricular reading. Through the reading of eyes, mouth, brain, and ears, the silent words are transformed into audible language, allowing students to activate multiple senses at the same time, which helps students remember the content of wonderful sentences, imagine situations, and feel the beauty of artistic conception, characters, and diction in the works. beautiful.

Grasp the artistic conception and imagine reading. In order to be fascinating, the author pays more attention to the description of artistic conception.

For example, some are at the beginning, revealing the broad background of the story, or exaggerating a strong sentiment, creating a strong appeal and attracting readers to read on; some are detailed and vivid descriptions of specific things in the text, stimulating readers Thoughts, imagination and association, and aesthetic experience; some at the end leave space for readers to think about the ending of the story or the fate of the characters or the purpose of the work, allowing readers to appreciate, analyze, and comprehend. Therefore, when reading this part of the work, students should be required to develop reasonable imagination based on the content, so that they can enter the mood and resonate with the author, so as to feel and appreciate the artistic conception of the work. For example, when teaching the article "Butterflies of Taiwan", the teacher guided the students to catch "They dance in groups among trees and flowers, on the banks of rocks and streams, like pieces of colorful clouds, fluttering in the air." "These butterfly valleys are as warm as In spring, the water is gurgling, the ancient trees are towering, the wild grass is green, the birds are singing and the flowers are fragrant, and the environment is very quiet." These two sentences expand the imagination, and express the appearance of the butterfly and its surrounding environment that can be imagined in the mind through adding paintings, so that it originally consists of three individuals The monotonous blackboard painting suddenly came alive. Various large and small butterflies appeared on the blackboard. Their shapes, colors, and flying postures were different. The background composed of mountains, rocks, water, flowers, etc. set off a group of butterflies flying. lively scene. Students' aesthetic interests are stimulated, they discover magic in the ordinary, and gain aesthetic pleasure and satisfaction. What they feel is not only the shape, quality, and color of the aesthetic object, but also the connotation and excitement of the picture. of spiritual beauty.

Read with a clear idea and layout. When primary school students tell stories or write essays, they are often told in a straightforward manner. Teachers always lament that students have unclear levels of speaking and writing, or poor ability to plan the layout of articles. In fact, it is because students lack knowledge and training. When reading outside class, students should be asked to read the back and connect to how it was written at the beginning, and read the end and connect to how it was written at the beginning. After reading the idea and layout of the article, students should be asked to connect with how they usually layout and plan articles. Through comparison and comparison, we know that an article should be a carefully carved work of art. It should not only have beautiful words, vivid images, and profound artistic conception, but also be cleverly laid out and have original ideas, so that you can feel the structural beauty of the reading and improve your ability to appreciate beauty. . Let reading teaching become a big stage for students' growth.

How to guide students to create beauty in their compositions? In composition teaching, I adopt the following three steps: 1. Guide observation; 2. Inspire discussion; 3. Complete creation. Once I gave an essay topic like "Discovering the Beauty in Life". I first gave the students a day of observation time and asked them to look for and observe the beautiful people and things in life. The next day, I inspired students to discuss in class. Since the students had preparation the day before. Therefore, the enthusiasm for speaking is very high, and many students have observed the beautiful things in life. Some said that my mother is beautiful; some said that classmate XX has a beautiful soul; and some said that a certain pot of flowers at home is beautiful. Through inspiring discussions, students' ideas are opened up and their creative enthusiasm is heightened. Under this situation, students are allowed to write and complete the creation of beauty in the writing process.

4. Embody beauty in life, persist in educating people with beauty, and improve aesthetic taste.

Aesthetic taste refers to aesthetic style and taste. Because everyone's living environment, personal experience, and cultural upbringing are different, they have different personalities, needs, hobbies, and emotional experiences, which determine a person's aesthetic taste. There are many excellent literary works in primary school Chinese textbooks, which depict the colorful natural beauty from different aspects, praise the beautiful things and noble virtues in human society, and expose and criticize the backward and ugly things. When we guide students to carry out language training and aesthetic activities, we should not forget to "teach and educate people." We must promptly guide them to identify what is beautiful and what is ugly, and help them develop noble and healthy aesthetic tastes.

(1) Beauty also exists in fairy tales, telling fairy tales enriches the image of beauty.

Primary school Chinese teaching mainly uses literary works for aesthetic education. Among many literary styles, children are most interested in fairy tales and stories with vivid content and easy-to-understand language. Teaching practice has proven that children listening to healthy fairy tales and stories have a significant role in promoting their language learning, developing virtues and forming a sense of beauty. This is because primary school students are very imitative, both in terms of language and behavioral habits. The process of telling fairy tales and stories is actually the process of filling their minds with beautiful language and beautiful images. As children have more images of beauty in their minds, their ability to appreciate beauty will also increase. Therefore, primary school Chinese teachers should add some fairy tales and stories appropriately according to the teaching content.

(2) The improvement of aesthetic level depends on the method of comparison.

Without comparison, there is no identification. In primary school Chinese texts, two things or phenomena, one beautiful and one ugly, often appear at the same time. Teachers should seize their differences and compare them so that students can understand the essential difference between beauty and ugliness. For example, the lesson "Beautiful Rooster" talks about a flowery rooster that is very beautiful. It competed with woodpeckers, bees, frogs, etc. The woodpecker is busy curing the trees, the bees are busy gathering honey, and the frogs are busy catching pests. They are not as beautiful as the rooster. The rooster didn't understand why, so he asked the old horse. The old horse told it: Beauty should not only be judged by appearance, but also by whether it can help people do things.

After listening to the old horse's words, the rooster stopped competing for beauty. From then on, it got up early and crowed to people every day. This is a good textbook for teaching aesthetic education to students. Two comparisons can be made in teaching: one is to compare the rooster who loves to show off his beauty and the woodpecker who loves to do things for people to see whose behavior is more beautiful; the other is to compare the rooster's previous performance with its subsequent performance to see. What is true beauty. This kind of comparison is of great help in improving students' appreciation level.

In short, the methods of aesthetic education in Chinese teaching are flexible and diverse. In the practice of Chinese teaching, we must continue to explore, integrate, and strive to improve our ability to appreciate and understand beauty, so that we can put aesthetic education into practice. Education is effectively integrated into Chinese teaching to cultivate students' ability to feel, appreciate and create beauty. Teachers must make full use of cultural and sports resources, continuously improve students' interests, tap students' cognitive reinvention potential, and cultivate good living and learning habits, so as to continuously improve students' aesthetic ability and aesthetic consciousness, and achieve self-realization and self-realization in the learning process. Innovation and self-development. Enable students to deepen their understanding and gain insights through active thinking and emotional activities, be emotionally influenced, gain ideological enlightenment, and enjoy aesthetic pleasure.