Sima Guang's "Zi Tongzhi Jian" Volume 1 Monday.
Therefore, he is a saint with both talent and virtue, a fool with both talent and virtue, a gentleman with virtue, and a victorious villain. You can't be a saint or a gentleman, and you can't be a fool if you get a villain. What is this? A gentleman thinks he is good, but a villain thinks he is evil. Think that what you are good is good; People who think they are evil are also evil. Although fools want to be bad, they are not wise and invincible. For example, a suckling dog fights with people, and people can control it. The villain is smart enough to be a traitor and brave enough to be violent, but the tiger with wings is more harmful! Virtuous people are strict with themselves, and talented people are loved. Love is easy to kiss, and strictness is easy to get rid of, which shows that the examiner covers more talents than morality. Since ancient times, there have been many traitors, especially Zhi Bo, who have lost their families, so that there are more virtues than virtues. So, for the sake of the country and the family, if you can judge the difference between talent and morality and know the order, why not!
2. How to praise a person's "talent" in classical Chinese How to praise a person's "talent" in classical Chinese:
1, there is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian has eight fights, so I will fight, and the world is divided into one fight. -Xie Lingyun in Southern Dynasties
There are many books and five cars in Hui Shi. -"Zhuangzi World"
Wendy's prose is so brilliant that many friends in Chang 'an praise it. -Qing Zeng Guofan
4. After the scholar-officials went to Korea, most of them were led by the world. Only people with one or two temperament can be romantic and friendly. -Xun Qingjing
5. I heard that Lao Dan and Bo Gu knew now-Confucius' Family Language and Zhou Guan.
6. Out of its kind, it is outstanding, and it has not flourished in Confucius since its birth. -"Mencius Gong Sunchou"
7. Everyone is a treasure, well-informed, and ten times more discerning than men. -Feng Ming magnum
3. How do moral people say ancient Chinese (1) Gentleman: generally speaking, it refers to a person with noble personality.
(2) Sages: sages and sages collectively; It also refers to people with high moral character and extraordinary intelligence.
(3) Saint: refers to the person with the highest moral character and wisdom; Sometimes refers to Confucius.
(4) Sage: a person with both ability and political integrity.
(5) great man: a person with outstanding achievements and respect.
(6) Giants: great men; A person who is far superior and excellent than others.
(7) Saint: a person with lofty aspirations and outstanding talents.
(8) Gao Shi: a person with lofty interests and noble morality; A detached person, especially a hermit.
(9) Master: a person with noble thoughts and actions; A man of brilliant words and deeds.
(10) virtue: goodness; A man of virtue.
4. Translation of "A Gentleman Can't Forget" Warring States Policy Volume 25 Wei Zesi
New Ling Jun killed Jinbi.
Original text:
Xinlingjun killed Jinbi, saved Handan, broke the Qin people, and saved Zhao, who greeted him from the suburbs. Tang also called Xin: "I heard that there are unknowns and there are people who must know; There are unforgettable people and unforgettable people. " New Ling Jun said, "What is it?" Right: "People hate me, you must know." I hate people. I don't know if I don't know. People's virtue is also good for me, and I can't forget it; I am virtuous to others, and I must not forget it. You killed Jinbi, saved Handan, broke the Qin people and saved Zhao. This is your great virtue. Today, the prince of Zhao welcomes him from the suburbs, but when he sees the prince of Zhao, I hope you will forget it. "XinLingJun said," mowgli is willing to be taught. "
Translation:
Xin Lingjun killed Wei Jiang Jin Bi, saved Han, defeated and saved Zhao. Zhao Wang personally went to the suburbs to meet Xin Lingjun. Tang also said to Xin: "I heard:' There are some things you can't know and you can't help but know; Some things cannot be forgotten, and some things cannot be forgotten. "Xin Lingjun said," What do you mean? " Tang also replied: "others should know if they hate me, so that they can reflect on themselves;" I hate others, I can't let people know, if I know, the deeper the hatred between the two sides, the better for others, I can't forget it; I am kind to others, and I must not forget it. Now you have killed and saved Handan, defeated and saved Zhao, which is a great kindness to Zhao. Now the king of Zhao personally meets you in the suburbs and suddenly meets him. I hope you will forget about saving Zhao. " Xin Lingjun said, "I respect your teachings. "
5. People who have virtue first and then talent, who have virtue but no talent, can always walk in the world, although they can't benefit one side; Talent without virtue will harm others, small ones will destroy neighbors, and big ones will harm all sides. There were gentry in ancient times, but now they are successful. If you talk about talent, you are not a talented person, but you are full of knowledge. But either fish the people, sit back and relax, or fall into the trap of slander and loyalty, lose all conscience, and finally harm the people in all directions, which has been notorious for thousands of years. What is the reason? Answer: "Shaode."
Therefore, the writer Liu Yong said, "all bad things are done by smart people, and stupid people can't do the worst." Can it be extended that smart people who do bad things have no virtue, and stupid people can't do bad things without virtue? Li Kaifu, vice president of Microsoft, once said: "It is better to choose people with poor moral character than those with outstanding talents."
So, what is the relationship between virtue and peace?
Sima Guang said: "Talent is virtue; De is also handsome. " Virtue and talent are like the wings of a bird. Without them, you can't swim in the sky.
Zhou Gongdan, the sage of the Western Zhou Dynasty, practiced regency, and there were still voices in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period; Guan Yunchang, a hero of the Three Kingdoms, is famous for waiting for his sister-in-law through the curtain. In the Song Dynasty, he was loyal to the country, loyal to the country, and showed his glory for thousands of years ... The sage is the unity of virtue and political integrity.
It is regrettable to have virtue without talent-just like the dazzling flaw on the beautiful jade, the eagle flying in the sky broke a wing and the beauty lost an eye; The "talent" without virtue is painful-just like the rotten roots of pine trees, the magnificent palaces erode the foundation and the fountain of life pollutes the source. In the former, it is difficult for an effective heart to have the fruit of action; Although the latter is brilliant, the polluted soil can't produce bright flowers.
Therefore, Yu said: "Cultural knowledge is not equal to cultural quality, and cultural skills are not equal to cultural personality. Without a base for caring for human beings, cultural people are indispensable, even if they are full of books and doctoral titles. "
Then, can we say that virtue and talent are called sages? Virtue without talent is called a gentleman; Talent without virtue is called a villain; Without virtue and talent, it is called mediocrity and scoundrel.
6. Praise the genius old saying "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Jian Shu Yong Xue" ("Shi Shuo Xin Yu" Author: Liu Yiqing)
On a cold snowy day, Master Xie told his children the meaning of this paper. Soon, it snowed heavily, and the guardian said happily, "What kind of snow is this?" ? "Xie Lang, his brother's eldest son, said," The air in the air is almost comparable. "."His eldest brother's daughter said, "Catkin can dance with the wind better than the wind." . "Guardian of the empire laughed. She is the daughter of Xie An, the daughter of Xie An, and the wife of the left-wing general Wang Ningzhi.
translate
On a cold snowy day, Tai Fu Xie gathered his family together to talk about poetry with his sons and nephews. Suddenly it snowed heavily and urgently, and the teacher said happily, "What is this snow like?" Hu Er, his brother's eldest son, said, "This is almost comparable to sprinkling salt in the air." His brother's daughter said, "It's better to blow catkins all over the sky." A teacher smiled and was very happy. Xie Daowen is the daughter of Xie Wuyi, the eldest brother of Xie Taifu, and the wife of General Zuo.
Xie An's joy lies in the fact that the skirt hairpin does not let people, and the niece's poem is above the nephew. According to Xie Lang's rare literary title, Shi Shuo Xin Yu quoted Xu Jinyang Qiu as saying that he was "gentle", while literature quoted Zhongxing Shu as saying that he was "knowledgeable". So my uncle rhymes and my nephew is a chorus, which shows that he has a quick mind. In all fairness, "sprinkling salt in the air" can also be regarded as a analogy. Snow floated down with its white crystal, and Xie Lang made an analogy nearby and painted it in the air without salt. Although not smart, but also poor beyond description. However, the clever sister is not superstitious about her brother's talent. She thinks it's good to imitate snow with salt, but she doesn't use six petals to describe the basic characteristics of snowflakes, which dance with the wind, surging and endless. Therefore, in view of her brother's original sentence, she made a bold amendment: "If catkins are not due to the wind." Catkin, as a kind of spring scenery, has the characteristics of flowers, rising with the wind, drifting without roots and flying all over the sky. Liu Hua Fu, edited by Jin Wu, once described: "Flowers are flying in the snow, or the wind is back and swimming thin, or the fog is chaotic and flying, the wild is clean and dirty, and everything is colorful and bright." Xie Daowen compared this to the north wind with snow all over the sky, which is really appropriate. Catkin is bigger than its words, pointing out the scene of "sudden heavy snow" at that time, and "because of the wind" pointing out its natural characteristics of dancing with the wind and rambling. (Zhu He's Jade Case in Song Dynasty has a phrase "Wind in the City". Compared with this, catkins are different and interesting. Look at the metaphor of "sprinkling salt in the air" again, and it will be embarrassing. Shen Deqian, a member of A Qing Dynasty, said: "It is difficult to show the truth, and it is also difficult to tell the truth. Every object is connected with the form. " Metaphor is the basic rhetorical device of poetry. Its key lies in appropriateness, vividness and novelty. This is where Xie Daowen's sentence is higher than his brother's.