Duke Huan asked Guan Zi to govern the people, and Guan Zi said to him, "All herders must know their illness, but worrying about it with morality, not fearing sin, not stopping with strength, and being cautious about these four things are enough to govern the people." Duke Huan said, "I have seen its goodness, but how little is it?" Guan Zhong said to him, "Widowhood is not a problem for people with a country. In the past, the emperor was neutral and the land was thousands of miles away. What should I do with four speakers? What is his widowhood? If husbands and herders don't know about their diseases, they will suffer from them. If they don't worry about moral problems, they will complain more. Fear of sin makes the people multi-axis. Stop it with strength, then the past will not be reversed and the newcomers will be separated. Therefore, there are not many herders of the Holy King. " Huan Gong said, "Good! If you don't do it yourself, then why do it? " Guan Zhong said to him, "Loyalty is extremely loyal, and courtesy is strict. If you care about these four things, I will do it." Huan Gong said, "Please listen to him." The pipe said to him, "You believe, and so do the people. Those who are loyal to the monarch are cherished by the people. Strict people are feared by the people. Rites are also the beauty of the people. As the saying goes,' Ze will never change', I believe it. Do to others what you don't want them to do to you, and be kind to others. Firm, upright and strict. Trust, courtesy. " Huan Gong said, "Good!

When Huan Gong asked Guan Zhong how to govern the people, Guan Zhong replied: "Anyone who governs the people must predict their sufferings. Second, he is generous and virtuous. Third, he does not need to be threatened by punishment. Fourth, he does not need to be forced to ban. Pay attention to these four points and you can manage it well. " Huan Gong said, "I know these four rules are good, but there are few people. What should we do? " Guan Zhong replied, "There are few people, so it's not terrible. Once upon a time, the son of heaven stood in the center and the land was thousands of miles away. As long as he has the above four points, how can he be afraid of fewer people? Governing the people, I don't know their sufferings, and the people will hate them. If you don't give them generous benefits, people will complain more. If you threaten them with punishment, people will cheat more. If you use a strong ban, those who have gone will not come back, and those who have come will hesitate. Therefore, the holy king governs the people regardless of population. " Duke Huan said, "Well, in that case, how can it be implemented?" Guan Zhong replied, "Honesty and extreme benevolence, and courtesy are important. Pay close attention to these four rules and you can implement them." Huan Gong said, "Please elaborate." Guan Zhong replied: "What you say will be done, and the people will believe it; Benevolent, the people are Huaide; Seriously, the people are in awe; Politeness is praised by people. As the saying goes, it is faith to give up one's life and forget death and refuse to break one's word; If you don't want to impose it on others, it is benevolence; Being firm in heart and correct in appearance is strict; Honesty and humility are manners. " Huan Gong said, "Good!

Duke Huan asked again, "If I want to establish a government to work in the world, can it be uniform?" The pipe said, "Yes." Gong said, "Can you start with peace?" The pipe said to him, "This begins with loving the people." Gong said, "Do you love the people?" Guan Zi said to him: "The public supports the public, the family supports the family, and the people are blind. Let go of old sins, repair old sects, and not set up posts, then the people will colonize. Save punishment and tax less, and the people will be rich. If you build wise men in the countryside and teach them in the countryside, the people will be polite. If the order is not changed, the people will be righteous. This way of loving the people is also. " Gong said, "If the people are rich and close, what can they do?" Guan Yu said, "Raise the Minister of Finance to stop the people; Shang Xian, David li Chen, to persuade people to know; There is no need to increase punishment to help the people. Selflessness is enough to accommodate the public; If you keep your promise, you won't be poor. This makes the people's way. "

Duke Huan asked again, "I want to improve my politics to keep up with the times in the world. Can I do it? " The pipe replied, "Yes." Huan Gong said, "Where to start?" Guan Yu said, "Let's start with loving the people." Huan Gong said, "How about loving the people?" Guan Zi replied: "The public repairs the public and the family repairs the family, so that the career is related, the salary is complementary, and the people are blind. Forgive the old sins, help the old people, and increase the population without the latter. Reduce punishment and taxes, and the people will be rich. Every township chooses a virtuous country to teach the country, and the people must be polite. If the order is not changed, the people will be right. These are the ways to love the people. " Duke Huan said, "The people are rich and United. How should we use them? " Guan Zi said: "Develop financial resources and advocate all kinds of work to ensure people's needs;" Contribute talents and respect the wise to repay people's knowledge; Don't punish the people severely. Implementing these measures without selfishness can unite people's hearts; Words must be done, and laws must not be abolished. This is the way to serve the people. "

When Huan Gong was in power, Guan Zhong and Peng Ji met. There is a room where two Feihong pass by. Huan Gong sighed, "Guan Zhong, there is a swan today, which sometimes goes south, sometimes goes north, sometimes leaves, and sometimes comes. The four directions are far away. What they want comes to them, not only because of their wings, but because they can understand their intentions in the world? " Guan Zhong and Peng Ji were wrong. Huan Gong said, "Why is the second son wrong?" Guan Zi said to him, "You have the heart of overlord, and I am not the minister of overlord, so I dare not be right." Huan Gong said, "Guan Zhong, why are you so reckless? This is a terrible thing. I have my hometown, but I am related to it. I have wings. If I help water, I have a boat. Guan Zhong taught me everything. I have ears, so I want to learn from it. " The pipe said to him, "If you want to bully others, what will you do?" ? Then you must follow its skills. "Huan Gong changed his bow, moved his seat, handed it to him and asked," What is it? Guan Zi said to him, "The people of Qi are the foundation of the people. People are very worried about hunger and taxes are heavy; People are very afraid of death, but crime and political risks; People are hurt and tired. They do things from time to time. If the public doesn't pay much attention to its taxes, people won't worry about hunger. Probation, people are not afraid of death; If things are done in time, people will not feel pain. Duke Huan said, "My father Wen Zhong said these three things. I have heard of my fate, but I dare not be kind to them. Let me recommend it to you first. " So, he let the officials have a division of labor and cut the square ink pen. Tomorrow, everyone will face the gate of the ancestral temple and be ordered by the officials. Make taxpayers spend a hundred minutes, be solitary and young, be arrogant and not levy, and write books without assigning; Those who are near show loyalty, and those who are far away show courtesy. I have been doing this for several years, and the people's return to it is like water.

Huan Gong sat in his seat, and Guan Zhong and Peng Ji greeted him. After standing for a while, two geese flew by. Duke Huan sighed and said, "Guan Zhong, those geese sometimes fly south, sometimes fly north, sometimes go and sometimes come. No matter how far away they are, they can go wherever they want. Is it because they have two wings that they can let the world know their intentions? " Neither Guan Zhong nor Peng Ji answered. Huan Gong said, "Why don't you two answer anything?" Guan Zi replied, "Your Majesty has the desire to think of hegemony, and I am not a minister to think of hegemony, so I dare not answer." Huan Gong said, "Why is Guan Zhong like this? Why didn't he say it and give me a direction? " ? I am interested in China, just like Hong Fei has wings and a boat crossing the river. Guan Zhong didn't say a word to teach me. Although I have two ears, how can I hear the way of governing the country and learn the statutes of governing the country? "Guan Zi replied," Do you want to achieve the cause of overlord and do great things? "This must start with its fundamental things." Duke Huan moved away from his seat and asked, "What is its root?" Guan Zi replied, "The people of Qi are its roots. People are afraid of hunger, and taxes are very heavy at present; People are very afraid of capital crimes, and the current criminal management is severe; People are afraid of fatigue, and the country has no time limit. If taxes can be lightly levied, people will not worry about going hungry; If the probation is lenient, people will not worry about the death penalty; There is a time limit for activities, and people will not worry about it. " Huan Gong said, "I understand all three points raised by Guan Zhong. I dare not listen to these words in private. I have to recommend them to my late master. " So he ordered all officials to have departments, cut boards and prepare pens and pens. The next day, all the people appeared in front of the court of the ancestral hall and made a decree for the officials. Only 1% of taxpayers are paid, orphans and young children are not sentenced, Shui Ze is open on time, checkpoints only check taxes, and markets only sign contracts without deep taxes, showing loyalty to the near and courtesy to the far. After years of practice, the people have joined the masses, just like running water.