The first volume of the fifth grade Chinese published by People's Education Press has accumulated over time and its explanation:

A Chinese Garden has accumulated over time

Famous sayings related to reading

1. (Proverb)

If you don't read or write for a day, everything will go to waste.

2. Reading is more than 1, volumes, and writing is like a god. In the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu's "Twenty-two Rhymes for Wei Zuocheng"

was read and accumulated a lot, and when writing, it would be full of literary thoughts, as if there were gods to help.

3. Books are still medicine, and good reading can cure fools. The book

Shuo Yuan written by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty is like a good medicine. Being good at reading can cure dullness, which shows the importance of reading.

4. Black hair doesn't know how to study early, while white head regrets studying late. Yan Zhenqing's

Encouraging Learning in the Tang Dynasty didn't know how to study hard when he was a teenager, and it was too late to study when he was old.

5. There are three times to read, which means heart, eyes and mouth. In the Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi's

Reading should be single-minded, absorbed, and recited with words, in order to gain something.

Extracurricular accumulation

Famous sayings related to reading

1. Books are the nourishment of the whole world. (Shakespeare)

2. Books are the ladder of human progress. (Gorky)

3. A book you like is a friend and an old place you can go whenever you want. (loan aiken)

4. Reading a good book means talking to many noble people. (Goethe)

5. There is no end to learning from the sea. (Han Yu)

6. Never tire of reading old books, and you will know yourself when you are familiar with them. (Su Shi)

7. The most reliable thing to write a good article is to read more books. (Lu Xun)

8. Read a hundred times, and your meaning is self-evident. (The History of the Three Kingdoms)

Chinese Garden II

Poems that express homesickness

1. Wandering in the vast sky, longing for homesickness. Zhang Jiuling's

Night on the Xijiang River in the Tang Dynasty, under the empty sky, my homesickness is even more urgent.

2. this cloud, that has drifted all day through the sky, may, like a wanderer, never come back. In the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu's Dream of Li Bai's Two Poems

Wandering refers to Li Bai. People compare floating clouds to wanderers, which means that their whereabouts are floating. The meaning of this poem is: clouds are floating around all day, and distant friends have not seen each other for a long time.

3. the limp-hanging leaves of a foreign tree, a lantern's cold gleam, lonely in the night. In the Tang Dynasty, Ma Dai's "Ba Shang Qiu Ju"

Trees in other places have fallen leaves, and at night, under the cold light, they are also lonely people wandering in other places.

4. Mingyue should know me when she has feelings, and meet me in a foreign land every year. Yuan Mei's Poems with the Garden in Qing Dynasty

If the bright moon has feelings, it should know me, because we can meet each other in other places every year.

5. When will my home arrive in my dream, how many people will return to the river in spring? Lu Lun's Spring in Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty

My hometown is only in my dream. When can I go back? Look at the people coming and going on the river in spring. How many of them went back?

6. Plum blossoms spread several times in the south of the Yangtze River, and people are already spotted in the end of the world. In the Song Dynasty, Liu Zhu wrote "Partridge Sky, Snow Showing Mountain City, Jade Pointing to the Cold"

I can't remember how many times plum blossoms have bloomed in the south of the Yangtze River. When I left my hometown, my temples were gray.

Extracurricular accumulation

Poems expressing homesickness

he knows that the dews tonight will be frost, how much brighter the moonlight is at home!. Remembering my brothers on a moonlight night by Du Fu in the Tang Dynasty

Translation: From tonight, we have entered the Millennium solar term, and the moon is still the brightest in our hometown.

lifting myself to look, I found that it was moonlight, sinking back again, I thought suddenly of home. I looked up at the bright moon in the sky outside the window that day, and I couldn't help looking down in thought and thinking of my distant hometown.

Being a stranger in a foreign land, I miss my family more every festive season. On the mountain holiday thinking of my brothers in shandong by Wang Wei in Tang Dynasty

Translation: A person wandering alone in a foreign land is a stranger, and he misses his distant relatives doubly every holiday.

grasses return again green in the spring, but O my Prince of Friends, do you?. Wang Wei's Farewell in the Mountains in the Tang Dynasty

Translation: Spring grass will give birth to new green next year, my friend, can you give it back?

flying freely is as light as a dream, and endless rain is as thin as sorrow. In the Song Dynasty, Qin Guan's "Huanxisha Lonely and Cold Building"

Translation: Catkin flies like an illusory dream, and the drizzle falls like my sorrow.

The spring breeze is green in Jiang Nanan. When will the bright moon shine on me? Wang Anshi's "Boarding Guazhou" in Song Dynasty

Translation: The gentle spring breeze has blown the south bank of the river green again. The bright moon in the sky, when can you follow me home?

seeing the autumn wind in Luoyang city, I am eager to write a book. Qiu Si by Zhang Ji in the Tang Dynasty

Translation: There is an autumn wind blowing in Luoyang, and my thoughts are surging, and I want to write a letter to greet peace.

as the wind changes, the snow changes. I can't dream of breaking my hometown, so there is no such sound in my hometown. The translation of Sauvignon Blanc by Nalan Xingde in Qing Dynasty

: It is blowing and snowing outside, which wakes up the soldiers in their sleep and reminds them of their hometown. How warm and quiet it is, how can there be such a noisy sound of howling wind and dancing snowflakes?

The old vine is a faint crow, the small bridge is a flowing family, and the old road is a thin horse. When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world. Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si in Yuan Dynasty

Translation: At dusk, a group of crows landed on an old tree with withered vines, giving out a piercing cry. Under the small bridge, the running water rattled, and the smoke from the farmhouse beside the small bridge curled up. A thin horse on the ancient road struggled against the west wind. The setting sun gradually lost its luster and set from the west. In the cold night, only lonely travelers wander in distant places.

Chinese Garden III

Accumulate over time

The wind of four seasons

(1) Spring breeze can thaw, and warm weather urges farming. The skirt is slightly shaken, and it is sent when it is spent.

(2) Xia Feng is full of vegetation and vitality. On the side of the small pond, the lotus fragrance smells across the bank.

(3) The autumn wind is mixed with autumn rain, and the night is cool. Whistling, leaves falling and dancing.

(4) The winter wind is like a tiger, and the study is covered with windows. All day long, the birds are hidden.

Explain the poem:

This poem describes the different characteristics of seasonal winds in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and shows the magical scenery of nature.

1. The spring breeze can thaw, and the warmth urges farming. The skirt is slightly shaken, and it is sent when it is spent.

This poem describes the characteristics of spring breeze. When the spring breeze blows, the frozen earth begins to melt, and the warm spring breeze seems to urge people to sow faster. People's clothes shook in the breeze, and the fragrance of flowers came from time to time.

2. Xia Feng is full of vegetation and vitality. On the side of the small pond, the lotus fragrance smells across the bank.

This poem describes the characteristics of Xia Feng. In the warm Xia Feng, vegetation grows luxuriantly, and there is a vibrant scene everywhere. Stand by the pond for a while, and you will smell the fragrance of lotus flowers.

3. Autumn wind is mixed with autumn rain, and the night is cool. Whistling, leaves falling and dancing.

This poem describes the characteristics of autumn wind. Autumn wind mixed with autumn rain added a lot of coolness to the night. In the rustling autumn wind, a piece of fallen leaves slowly falls from the tree, as if dancing beautifully.

4. The winter wind is like a tiger, and the study is covered with windows. All day long, the birds are hidden.

This poem describes the characteristics of the winter wind. The whistling winter wind roars like a tiger, and every household closes its windows. The cold winter wind kept blowing all day, and the birds had gone into hiding.

Chinese Garden IV

Accumulate over time

aphorisms about determination

1.

2. If you want to see the truth, pay close attention to it everywhere.

3. Everything can be achieved with an open mind, but nothing can be achieved with complacency.

4. A drop of water can penetrate a stone, and everything will come naturally.

5. The sharp edge of the sword comes from sharpening, and the fragrance of plum blossoms comes from bitter cold.

explanation:

1. Nothing in the world is difficult if you put your mind to it.

This is a proverb of the Han nationality, which means that as long as you are willing to make up your mind to do it, nothing can be done badly in the world, and difficulties can always be overcome. Proverbs with similar meanings include: "Nothing is difficult in the world, as long as you are willing to climb", "The road lies in people, and everything depends on people", "I am not afraid of incompetence, but I am afraid of perseverance" and "Where there is a will, there is a way".

2. If you want to see the truth, pay close attention to it everywhere.

want, want. After all, the result, the whole story. Pay attention, pay attention. This sentence means: If you want to make things (problems) clear and clear, you should pay attention to observation everywhere. This sentence points out the importance of developing the good habit of observing at ordinary times.

3. Everything can be achieved with an open mind, but nothing can be achieved with complacency.

open-minded, not self-righteous, able to accept other people's opinions. Be complacent and content with what you have achieved. This sentence means: modesty can help you succeed in many things; And self-righteous, conceited, nine of the ten things may not be done, which means that the possibility of doing things is very small. This sentence illustrates the importance of learning with an open mind from both positive and negative aspects.

4. A drop of water can penetrate a stone, and everything will come naturally.

dripping water, dripping water. Gong, kung fu and strength. Naturally, of course. This sentence says: a drop of water can wear a stone. As long as you have perseverance and are not afraid to spend time and effort, if you stick to it, you will surely succeed.

5. The sharp edge of the sword comes from sharpening, and the fragrance of plum blossoms comes from bitter cold.

sharp. Sharpen, friction makes it sharp, metaphorically tempering. Bitter cold, extreme cold, severe cold. The sharpness of the sword needs to be honed repeatedly, and the fragrance of plum blossoms is released after the test of severe winter. If people want to be successful, they have to pay the price and go through the test. Similar to this proverb, there is: "Without a bitter cold, how can plum blossom smell fragrant" and so on.

Extracurricular accumulation (determined epigram)

1. When will a hundred rivers go to the sea and return to the west? A lazy youth, a lousy age.

Translation of Long Songs in the Han Yuefu of the Han Dynasty: A hundred rivers rush eastward into the sea. When can they return to the western territory? If you don't work hard when you are young, it's useless to be sad when you are old.

2. You must be determined to learn everything. Zhu Xi's Zhuzi Genre in Song Dynasty

Translation: Before learning skills, you should set great ambitions.

3. When the pen falls, it will shock the wind and rain, and the poem will make you cry. Translation of Du Fu's Twenty Rhymes to Li Taibai in Tang Dynasty

: Seeing him put pen to paper, the wind and rain lamented it; Seeing his poems, ghosts and gods were moved to tears.

4. learn from a wide range of views, but make little progress. Translation of Su Shi's Miscellaneous Notes to Zhang Hu in Song Dynasty

: read widely and absorb briefly, accumulate richly and express accurately.

5. If you don't climb the mountain, you don't know the height of the sky. I don't know the thickness of the land without facing the deep stream. Xunzi's

translation of "Encouraging Learning" in the Warring States Period: I don't know how high the sky is unless I climb the mountain; Don't go near the deep valley, I don't know how deep the ground is.

6. If you don't fly, you will fly to the sky; If you don't sing, you will be a blockbuster. Biographies of Funny Stories by Sima Qian in the Han Dynasty

Translation: If this bird does not fly, it will fly to the vast blue sky; Forget it if you don't scream, once you crow, it will be surprising.

Chinese Garden V

Over time

1. Brothers live in harmony and friends are sincere. Chen Ziang's Motto in Tang Dynasty

Brothers should advocate harmony, and friends should pay attention to honesty. Dun: loyal; Benedict: Loyalty.

2. Filial piety lies in substance, not in appearance. Huan Kuan's

filial piety in Salt and Iron

filial piety lies in the respect and love in the heart, not only in the thorough etiquette.

3. Those who love their relatives dare not be evil to others; Respect your relatives, don't be slow to others. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius and his disciples

In order to love their parents, they must love all the parents in the world and dare not be a little disgusted with other people's parents. To respect your parents, you must respect the parents of all people in the world and dare not neglect the parents of others.

4. If you are indifferent, you will have no ambition, and if you are quiet, you will not be far away. The Book of Commandments by Zhuge Liang in the Han Dynasty

You can't define your ambition unless you are quiet and have few desires, and you can't achieve your lofty goals without excluding external interference.

Accumulate after class

Integrity:

1. Make friends and keep your word. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius disciple The Analects of Confucius

When communicating with friends, you should be honest and keep your word.

2. Keep your word, and do what you want. Confucius disciple

The Analects of Confucius Zi Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period must keep his word and do things.

3. If you are sincere, the stone will open. Zhuangzi's Zhuangzi Fisherman in the Warring States Period

describes the infinite power of sincerity, which can move people's hearts or overcome all difficulties.

Gratitude:

1. but how much love has the inch-long grass won the third spring festival. Meng Jiao's Ode to a Wandering Son in the Tang Dynasty

Who can say that children's weak filial piety like grass can repay their mother's great love like spring?

2. Crows have filial piety to feed back, while lambs have the feeling of kneeling and nursing.

lambs and crows still know how to repay their kindness, so people should be more filial to the elderly.

Chinese Garden VI

We are United as one enemy-we all hold incomparable hatred and anger towards the enemy.

fearless in times of crisis-fearless in times of crisis.

go ahead-go forward bravely.

one wave after another-the front one fell, and the back one followed. Describe not afraid of sacrifice, fighting bravely.

Turn the tide-a metaphor for controlling fierce evil forces by force, which turns the situation into safety.

mainstay-describes a person who is strong and indomitable, like a mainstay standing in a torrent. It is also a metaphor for a force that can play a pillar role in a turbulent and difficult environment.

Righteousness-stick to justice, regardless of the enemy's threats and inducements, and always maintain an inviolable attitude.

lofty sentiments and aspirations-refers to having lofty feelings and aspirations.

indomitable-describes being very strong in the face of evil forces and difficulties.

cut through thorns-a metaphor for removing obstacles and overcoming many difficulties on the way forward. Put it on, pull it out.

strive for strength-cheer up, work hard and strive for prosperity.

make great efforts to govern the country-try to cheer up the spirit and find ways to govern the country well.

unity is strength-unity is as indestructible as a strong castle. It means that everyone is United and powerful.

sacrifice one's life for justice-sacrifice one's life for just cause.

a long way to go-a heavy burden and a long way to go. Metaphor is a great responsibility, which requires long-term hard struggle.

make persistent efforts-redouble your efforts again and again. Pick up and fight.