"Harmony between man and nature, courtesy and reciprocity, harmony is precious, and Wang Zhidao is beautiful" is a unique life concept of the Chinese nation. The word "harmony", its core cultural thought, has evolved into a spirit and sublimated into a realm after more than 5,000 years of heart-to-heart communication.
Harmony between heaven and earth, courtesy, harmony, beauty of Wang Zhidao and Sri Lanka? This sentence comes from The Analects of Confucius. The original sentence is "reciprocity, harmony is precious."
Wang Zhidao is the first beauty. "That is to say, harmony is the most important thing in the application of ceremony.
The ancient monarch's method of governing the country is precious here. In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there is a famous saying that the weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as people.
Weather, weather, including weather and climate change. It is often said that watching the weather, such as moderate rain, is beneficial to the growth of crops.
Choice is the time to do things. For example, spring sowing and autumn harvest in agriculture are all in line with the weather.
Said: "when, at four o'clock." That is, seasonal changes in spring, summer, autumn and winter.
He also said, "Well, when ancient Chinese was written, it fell from the sky." Look up Oracle Bone Inscriptions's "time" as "time", which means "day trip", that is, the movement of the sun.
This shows that people have intuitively felt the seasonal changes brought about by the sun's operation very early, and called it "time". Weather, there are general trends and opportunities in the world, as well as the influence of natural environment, including the prevalence of diseases.
At the end of the Tang dynasty, the dispute between Liang and Jin began, taking the lead and surrounding Taiyuan several times. Because of the epidemic, the soldiers stopped fighting, lost more than half, and finally lost to 8 Jin Army. As the saying goes, the weather can be used by us.
Zhuge Liang in Romance of the Three Kingdoms skillfully borrowed an arrow from a straw boat, which is a good example. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, after studying the situation in Wei Jun, Zhou Yu, marshal of the State of Wu, decided to use bows and arrows to defend against the invading enemy. But how to make 100,000 arrows necessary for fighting in a short time? According to the craftsmen of Wu at that time, it took at least ten days to make so many arrows, which was obviously too long for Wu's defense.
At this time, Zhuge Liang, a strategist of Shu, happened to visit Wu. Zhuge Liang is a very clever man, so Zhou Yu asked him how to make the required arrows at the fastest speed.
Zhuge Liang told Zhou Yu that three days was enough. Zhuge Liang took his time after accepting the task.
He told Lu Su, the minister of the State of Wu, that it was naturally impossible to make so many arrows by ordinary methods. Then Zhuge Liang asked Lu Su to prepare twenty boats for him, each with thirty sergeants. All the boats are covered with green cloth and grass.
Zhuge Liang said that 100,000 arrows could be prepared in three days. On the third day in the middle of the night, Zhuge Liang ordered twenty long boats to be connected together and set out for the camp in Wei Jun.
That night, the fog filled the sky, and Zhuge Liang ordered the fleet to move forward quickly. When the fleet approached Wei Jun Camp, Zhuge Liang ordered the fleet to line up, and then ordered the sergeant to drum and shout on the ship.
Wei Jun heard the shouts of drumming, so he sent about 10,000 archers to the river and shot arrows violently where there were shouts. In an instant, arrows rained down on Zhuge Liang's fleet, and in a short time, the straw handle of the hull was covered with arrows.
When Zhuge Liang's fleet arrived at Wu Jun's camp, Zhou Yu, the commander of the State of Wu, had sent 500 soldiers waiting to move the arrow. Counting, there are 100 thousand arrows in the straw handle on board. Zhou Yu, marshal of the State of Wu, also had to admire Zhuge Liang's wisdom.
How did Zhuge Liang know there would be fog on the water that night? It turned out that he was good at observing the weather changes. After careful calculation of the astronomical phenomena, he also came to the conclusion that there would be heavy fog on the water that night. In this way, Zhuge Liang used his wisdom to skillfully get 100 thousand arrows from the enemy.
It can be said that borrowing an arrow from a straw boat is a classic of Zhuge Liang's successful use of weather. Geographically, the ancients regarded "land" as "the root of all things" (Guanzi Shuidi), and the word "benefit" was used in the sense of "benefit" by later generations.
"Geographical location" is a concept completely derived from agricultural production. Although "profit" is understood as "knife cutting grain", "grain" is only a representative, and "profit" can refer to land.
Closely related to geographical location is the concept of "land suitability" or "soil suitability". "Zuo Zhuan" was published for two years: "The first king ruled the world, and things (according to the soil) were suitable and the benefits were distributed."
Talking about "soil suitability" is only to make full use of "geographical location", because only by using its suitability can we benefit. In the army, it is often said that the place where you choose to do things has favorable terrain, and it is also important to see the geographical location.
Tunnel warfare was once a movie that was almost a household name in China. In the film, the people in the anti-Japanese base area in Jizhong Plain, under the leadership of the China Producer Party, created an underground war to destroy the enemy and save themselves, and fought bravely and tenaciously against the Japanese invaders, which became the performance of occupying favorable geographical conditions and winning by using favorable terrain.
Of course, it is also inseparable from people. The subject of human harmony is "human" and the central idea is "harmony".
The word "harmony" here means "neutralization", "peace" and "harmony". People, is to be a person, to deal with people.
Man is the foundation of all things and the master of all ages. Being a man is an attitude and a science. If you learn how to be a man, you will have no troubles in life. If I want to be a person, I must first learn to stand in the center of heaven and earth.
People grow between heaven and earth. He is based on the "earth" and worships the "sky" in the world. To adjust between "heaven and earth", we should take "middle".
"Harmony between man and nature"-put people in a "harmonious" and "peaceful" world, in heaven and earth. It expounds an idea, which should be a realm. The idea of "harmony between man and nature", which has been passed down from ancient times to the present, conforms to social development and constructs "harmony" and "peace", which has the artistic conception of "harmony between man and nature". If so, the cause is prosperous and life is auspicious! Explain the importance of human harmony, perhaps the following story can better illustrate the problem.
The hunter laid a net by the lake and caught many birds. However, these birds are very big and fly away with their nets. The hunter ran after the bird, and the farmer saw it and said, "where are you going?" Can you catch up with that bird with one leg? " The hunter replied, "if there is only one bird, I can't catch it, but as it is now, I am as sure as a gun."
Later, it turned out that the birds flew back in their own direction, as long as they went to Sen.
2. Composition about belief theory
Faith is the hope in people's hearts. It can arouse people's yearning for beautiful things and inspire people to pursue indomitable things. Strengthen your faith and achieve the future. Life needs faith, courage and perseverance. Only people with firm faith can have the fragrance of roses, win the crown of victory and create miracles of life. In 2008, after the huge roar of the Wenchuan earthquake, the whole county was in ruins, which was nearly a month away from the earthquake. Some survivors said, "I had only one belief at that time-to live!" "It is this belief that saved his life. This belief in living has also saved countless lives in the disaster area. Similarly, on the verge of life and death, some people lost their faith and embraced death. Someone once froze to death in a refrigerator with sufficient oxygen and no refrigeration, just because he lost the belief of living. This shows the importance of firm belief. Remember, when God closes your door, he will leave you a window. People's life will not be smooth sailing, the only thing to do is. Never give up. When Dunn Schlitz was a child, he thought he was suitable for music creation, but in fact he couldn't sing a tune. It was really flattering. But he firmly believes that his record has become more and more popular in the weekly pop records in the United States through continuous efforts, and it has realized his childhood dream. It can be seen that a person must have a firm belief, and a firm belief can achieve personal glory and promote social development. Goethe believed for 60 years and made Faust. Tolstoy believed in war and peace for 37 years, Cao Xueqin believed in the dream of red mansions/kloc-the first of China's ancient novels in 0/0, and so on. After eight years of tenacious resistance, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression won, China successfully entered the WTO, and after more than 10 years of efforts, the 2008 China Olympic Games was successfully held. This country is prosperous. A firm belief can achieve personal glory, and a firm belief can promote social development. Faith is like a bird. Before dawn, when the earth was still in darkness, it felt the light and sang. In the rough journey of life, some people lost themselves, their faith strengthened their determination, lit the lamp of hope and became a beacon to illuminate the future. A person, a country, or even a nation will never have a terrible enemy.
3. How to write a good theoretical article
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How to write a good theoretical article
First, the nature and characteristics of theoretical articles.
If you want to write a good theoretical article, you must first understand the nature and characteristics of the theoretical article. Theoretical articles are written to study a theoretical problem, discuss a certain truth and express personal opinions, and are an important means to publicize the party's theory, line, principles and policies. Such as comments, essays, investigation reports, experiences, etc. are all categories of theoretical articles.
Theoretical articles have four characteristics: reality, politics, theory and logic. Reality and politics are the remarkable characteristics that distinguish theoretical articles from academic papers. Theoretical articles serve to explore and solve various social problems in real life, and also directly serve politics. Integrating theory with practice is its lifeline. As a leading organ
4. How to write a good theoretical article
How to write a theoretical article 1 The nature and characteristics of theoretical articles.
If you want to write a good theoretical article, you must first understand the nature and characteristics of the theoretical article. Theoretical articles are written to study a theoretical problem, discuss a certain truth and express personal opinions, and are an important means to publicize the party's theory, line, principles and policies.
Such as comments, essays, investigation reports, experiences, etc. are all categories of theoretical articles. Specifically, it has four characteristics.
Namely, reality, politics, theory and logic. Reality and politics are the remarkable characteristics that distinguish theoretical articles from academic papers.
Theoretical articles serve to explore and solve various social problems in real life, and also directly serve politics. Integrating theory with practice is its lifeline.
It is the value of the theoretical article to provide the basis for the decision-making of leading organs. Theory and logic.
In order to convince people by reasoning, theoretical articles must use formal logic and dialectical logic to judge and reason. Convince people with reason, convince people with reason, convince people with reason.
This is its logic. Second, the rules and requirements of theoretical article writing.
First, the topic of the article is accurate. Writing an article and choosing the right topic is the first thing.
Theme is the core and soul of the article. Of course, it is not difficult to determine the theme of the article.
Choosing a theme and extracting the core content of this theme is the theme of an article. The difficulty lies in whether this theme is correct, novel and practical.
First, explore the theme from practice. Where does the theme of the theoretical article come from? Not from the mind, but from reality.
Some readers are not interested in theoretical articles, not because the theory itself has no charm, but because the theoretical articles are too far away from practice and the masses. If the contents of theoretical articles are mostly issues that the masses do not care about or are not interested in, even if they are well written, the masses are too lazy to pay attention to them.
This requires that theoretical articles should be integrated with practice and give powerful answers to hot, difficult and doubtful questions that people care about, so as to guide the work, clarify right and wrong, and solve doubts and doubts. The specific criteria of topic selection are new, small and practical.
Innovation is a new viewpoint, a new angle, not a repetition of others' viewpoints, nor a proof of old viewpoints with new materials; Small is a small incision, a small theme, starting from a small place, and seeing the big from the small; Simple, practical, practical, derived from life, guiding life. Second, draw up a concise title.
The so-called good topic should not only accurately grasp the problem, but also pay attention to written expression, and strive to be accurate, concise, distinctive and distinctive. In addition, the subtitle in the text of the article is also particular.
Don't be too long, try to be short, powerful and neat, make people look beautiful, easy to read and remember, and condense the essence. Second, the collection of materials should be refined.
Generally, it is obtained through consulting literature, in-depth investigation and the accumulation of daily study and life experience. To write a good theoretical article, we must first collect materials around the theme of the theoretical article, and then select and sort out materials according to the needs of the theme.
There are many ways to collect information, including making cards, taking notes, cutting and pasting newspapers and periodicals, etc. It should be noted that the collected materials should be carefully read and studied to distinguish the authenticity, novelty and typicality of the materials. Through the analysis and induction of the materials, the ideological understanding obtained from the materials is concentrated and deepened, and a profound understanding and one's own views are gradually formed.
Third, the layout of the article should be clever. First, the thinking should be clever.
Generally speaking, to write a theoretical article, you usually have to jump three times in your mind before you start writing. The first jump is to meet something meaningful, which leads to an important and urgent topic. When my heart jumps, if I choke, I won't spit. The second jump is to think about this topic comprehensively and deeply, and realize some truth, hoping to inspire people; The third jump is to jump again on the basis of the first two jumps and jump out a good title.
Second, the structure should be exquisite. Generally speaking, the orderly structure of theoretical articles is to internally link the introduction, theory, conclusion and logical relationship into a whole. This structure is orderly because it conforms to the cognitive order of people who ask questions, analyze problems and solve problems.
Among them, introduction is to ask questions and arouse people's thinking, thus leading to orthodoxy. Orthodoxy is to analyze the problem, around the theme, one layer at a time, one aspect at a time to prompt the essence and crux of the problem. The conclusion is to solve the problem, is the natural continuation of orthodox theory, and is the conclusion after argumentation, that is, the conclusion.
The third point is the technique of beginning and ending. Start short and solve the problem as soon as possible.
From the author's point of view, it should be both wonderful and convenient for the following; Can set the tone and promote the meaning of the text. From the reader's point of view, we should not only take warning, but also be fascinating.
The ending is usually natural and powerful. From the author's point of view, a good ending is the inevitable conclusion of the development of the full text, which is very important for comprehensively and profoundly displaying the text ideas.
There are full-text endings, lingering endings and futuristic endings, so I won't give examples one by one. Fourth, the language expression should be realistic.
Accuracy, conciseness and popularity should also be the characteristics of theoretical articles. The close combination of theoretical viewpoints and practical materials not only has strong theoretical color and strong speculative power, but also is easy to understand and persuasive.
First, language popularization. To popularize profound theories, we must study the popular language hard.
Second, make good use of metaphors and allusions. Vivid metaphors and allusions can connect the rational world with the perceptual world.
As long as it is used properly, it will pierce this layer of "enough paper" in an instant and build a "bridge" of communication, which is not only easy to understand, but also can increase literary talent. Third, try to be concise and clear.
When writing theoretical articles, we should also be good at using the laws from simple to complex and from complex to simple, and strive to teach the masses profound and complex truths in concise and easy-to-understand language. As a district and township level, we write theoretical articles, not work summaries or typical communication materials.
We can abstract some regular new knowledge and new ideas from work summary and typical materials, and prove them with some examples in practical work. Therefore, our theoretical articles can be between summary materials and papers, focusing on one aspect, as long as they can inspire people.
Third, the requirements of theoretical article writing for the author. People who want to write good articles and write articles.
5. How to make theoretical articles easy to understand?
Second, to build a system theory article according to the logic of things themselves requires a certain system structure.
Otherwise, just piling up some illogical and fragmented materials and opinions there is neither popular nor understood by the masses. The logical relationship expressed by the structure of the article itself is very convincing.
Many good articles not only convince people by reasoning, but also conquer people by logic. Its logic is like a universal antenna, holding readers from all directions with pliers, so that you can't get away.
So writing an article must be logical. However, logic has subjective transcendental logic and objective object's own logic.
To write easy-to-understand theoretical articles, we can't construct logic subjectively and apriori, but must follow the internal logic of things themselves and the thinking logic of the people.
6. Life theory composition
Frustration, failure.
Ideal, forward. Happy, sad.
Life, life, and finally have to compare with yourself. I gently fiddled with the dark clouds and was suddenly enlightened; I turned around and smiled; I set foot on a journey and waded through mountains and rivers.
Am I leaving quietly, or am I struggling strongly? Am I doing what I want to do, or am I stubbornly taking the initiative to do something irrelevant? Am I dreaming, or am I being reasonable? Am I just a bad habit, or am I really walking on thin ice? Life has no sugar-coated cannonballs, let alone gladiators. I'm not magical, and I'm not small.
I am so, you are so, and so is he. This is my life theory, and I think I firmly believe it.
"The greatest danger in life is an empty mind," Claude said. Why should we call a person's life without connotation and expression? Hemingway put it this way: "As long as you don't care about gains and losses, what can't be overcome in life?"
We can't fight life, so to speak, he is mainly obedient. Why do we have to haggle over every ounce? Roman Roland said: "Life doesn't send round-trip tickets. Once you leave, you will never come back."
Now that we have set out, why should we be afraid of endless troubles? Now that you have made up your mind, why are you hesitating? Life is only a few decades. When it's over, it's gone. As long as the world is safe, you, me and him will go forward bravely.
7. Reflections on Reading Composition with Principles
I remember when I was in the third grade, the teacher assigned a composition. I only wrote a few lines, so there is nothing to write. Moreover, the written sentence is also the first sentence, not the last.
After school, the teacher gave me some advice. She said, "Reading is like thousands of books. If you want to write a good composition, you must read more books. " This is very helpful for composition. "
I took her words to heart. When I got home, I begged my father to take me to the library to buy books. I bought many famous books, including Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and The Journey to the West. I watch it whenever I have time, and the more I watch it, the happier I am. I can recite a lot of 300 Tang poems.
I took a Chinese class in the third grade and once studied Tang poetry. After class, the teacher asked us to go to the podium and was criticized by the stock market. Unexpectedly, the teacher called me the first time. I not only recited it, but also recited the meaning, author and dynasty. As soon as my voice fell, my classmates gave me warm applause.
Students, you must think that I just need to say this! Then, you guessed it. In fact, my favorite book is Composition with Principles. Because of this book, my writing level has improved slowly. Every time I write a composition, keep a diary and go to the mainland, I can go from excellent to excellent.
My weekly diary "Honest Children" was read to the students in class by the teacher as a rhetorical question! Since then, I have summed up an experience. If you want more words, you should enrich your mind. With more knowledge, the composition will be written naturally. Thank you very much for your teaching. They are the stars in our life, guiding the street lamps.
I suggest you also read the book Composition has Principles.
8. How to explain the composition
Composition explanation can start from these aspects: point 1: in line with the meaning of the topic. Explaining "in line with the meaning of the topic" means reading carefully, trying to figure out the meaning of each part displayed on the composition test questions, understanding its meaning accurately and comprehensively, and writing the composition impartially.
Candidates should not only be good at extracting important information from key phrases and accurately grasp the proposition intention, but also carefully read and analyze every sentence and word in the topic, including every content in the writing requirements, to ensure that there is no deviation in the understanding of the proposition intention requirements. Only when there is no deviation in the examination of the questions can we closely follow the meaning of the questions and meet the limitations of the propositions.
Therefore, conforming to the meaning of the question contains two meanings. First, it conforms to the intention of the proposer and requires the examinee to accurately and comprehensively understand the questions given by the proposer.
Accurate, emphasizing the need to distinguish right from wrong, advantages and disadvantages, high and low, size, feasibility and so on. ; Comprehensive, emphasize the literal meaning and deep meaning of each part of the test questions when examining the questions. Second, the article is consistent with the topic, and the content of the topic composition is very extensive. Therefore, it is very important to choose the cut-in angle, both the title and the content of the article should be reflected.
Point 2: Meet the stylistic requirements. The main point of explanation is that "meeting the stylistic requirements" first refers to meeting the stylistic requirements specified in the test questions. The composition requires "being able to write narrative, argumentative, expository and other common genres".
Assign questions, or specify a certain style, such as "writing an argumentative essay" and "writing a defense"; Or exclude writing a certain style, such as "can't be written as poetry, novel, drama" and so on. If it is a specified style, candidates cannot change it at will; If it is exclusive, such as "except poetry, other styles are not limited", candidates can write many types of styles. Even writing prose, novels and other literary genres can be regarded as the expansion and extension of narrative.
In recent years, most of the examination questions are "style is not limited" or "style is optional", which makes candidates have greater freedom in style selection. Secondly, it refers to meeting the style requirements set by candidates themselves. Once the style is selected, you should write according to the requirements of the selected style.
There is no limit to the style of the test questions, which gives the candidates the freedom to choose. However, candidates who choose to write argumentative essays should write like argumentative essays, and candidates who choose to write argumentative essays should write like essays. If they have everything in narrative, description, lyricism, discussion and explanation, on average, they will write a nondescript "four unlike". Even if the full text can be deducted, the score can only be below the cut-in score. Point 3: Interpretation of Emotional Sincerity and Mental Health Point Ye Shengtao once said: "Writing is talking with a pen.
The composition should tell the truth, tell the truth, say your own words, and don't tell lies, empty words or cliches. (Inscription in "Learning Composition") The inculcation of Mr. Tao Xingzhi, a senior educator, is well known: "A thousand teachers teach people to seek truth; Learn thousands of things and learn to be a man. "
Mr. Lu Xun also mercilessly criticized the so-called "composition secret" in the article "The Secret of Composition". Finally, he earnestly pointed out that if there is a secret in the composition, it is "to have true meaning, to whitewash, to be less pretentious and not to show off." Looking at the words of the three masters, it is clear that writing is to be a person, and to be "sincere in feelings" and "healthy in thought"-the "truth" here is not a simple copy of life, but an artistic process of life, which is a literal embodiment of a healthy life.
This point must be made clear in the usual teaching, because the beauty of life comes from the positive interest in life, the aesthetic concept of distinguishing right from wrong, and the clear value orientation of love and hate. Therefore, with a strong sense of social responsibility, we should care about the times, society and life, constantly improve our ideological level and the ability to correct our thoughts, and completely abandon the bad style of writing such as making things up, hypocrisy and moaning. You can't be blindly negative and decadent because of special circumstances or your own opinions.
Point 4: Content Enrichment Center A: Content Enrichment Fundamentally speaking, content enrichment is reflected in the enrichment of materials. The material referred to here, in terms of narration, is embodied in revealing the people, scenery, events and things in the center; As far as discussion is concerned, it is reflected in the sufficiency of facts and theories (arguments) to demonstrate arguments; As far as interpretation is concerned, it is embodied in the detailed introduction of the relevant characteristics of the object of interpretation; If you write a short story, you need a complete plot and full characters; If written as a poem, it requires a typical and sufficient image.
Different styles have different specific requirements for "content enrichment". B: the center is empty. Theoretically, the expression of the center can be vivid or implicit. It can be a rational generalization or a strong emotional color.
However, the composition in the examination room has its special utilitarian color, and the marking time is limited, which determines that the composition in the examination room should master the "degree" in meaning and profundity. Because I didn't behave well, I became obscure.
Generally speaking, let the reviewers know at a glance that your views and attitudes are good, that is, the views should be clear and the center should be clear. The premise of defining the center is to carefully examine the topic, find out the meaning of the topic and the requirements of the topic for writing, especially the "hidden requirements", so as to select materials and articles around the center, decide the details, and ensure that the center is truly highlighted.
For example, when writing the topic "Life has changed me", we should pay attention to the following points: what is "change", how to express the change of "I" and how to express our feelings and understanding of life by writing "change" of "I". These problems are clear, and it is logical to "clarify the center".
Point 5: The sentence is fluent and the structure is complete. Explain that "language fluency" means that the language should be standardized, accurate, coherent and appropriate, including the requirements of "fluency" and "fluency". Passing means that the sentence expression should conform to the standard and the written content, and there will be no obvious language diseases; Shun means that sentences are coherent and conform to the natural flow of what is written and the general law of thinking.
Improper use of words, irregular sentences and lack of coherence between sentences are common problems in many candidates' languages. If you want your composition to pass the level of "language fluency", you should attach importance to and strengthen the training of standardization, accuracy, consistency and appropriateness of language use in peacetime.
"Structural integrity" means that the thinking of writing is gradual, orderly, orderly and paragraph-by-paragraph.