Lu Xun

Contents·1. Character introduction

·2. Life and creation

·3. Lu Xun’s works

·4. Lu Xun’s famous sayings

·5. Lu Xun’s chronicle

·6. Former pen names

·7. Reading and downloading

·8. Memorial to Lu Xun

·9. The Three Lu Xun Brothers

1. Character Profile

Lu Xun (1881-1936) was originally named Zhou Zhangshou, but later changed his name to Zhou Shuren , Lu Xun's original name was Yushan, and later changed to Hecai. A native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, his ancestral home is Zhengyang County, Henan Province. A great modern Chinese writer, thinker and revolutionist. He is 1.61 meters tall. "Lu Xun" is a pen name he used after joining the May 4th Movement. Because of his growing influence, people used to call him Lu Xun. Born on September 25, 1881. Born into a run-down feudal family. In his youth, he was influenced by the theory of evolution, Nietzsche's philosophy of the Superman and Tolstoy's thought of philanthropy. In 1902, he went to Japan to study. He originally studied medicine at Sendai Medical College and later engaged in literary and artistic work, hoping to change the national spirit. From 1905 to 1907, he participated in the activities of the revolutionary party and published papers such as "On the Power of Moro Poetry" and "On Cultural Partiality". During this period, he returned to China and married his wife Zhu An at the order of his mother. In 1909, together with his brother Zhou Zuoren, he co-translated "Collection of Foreign Novels" to introduce foreign literature. He returned to China in the same year and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing successively.

After the Revolution of 1911, he served as a minister and minister of education in the Nanjing Provisional Government and the Beijing Government, and also taught at Peking University, Women's Normal University and other schools. In May 1918, he used the pen name "Lu Xun" for the first time to publish the first vernacular novel in the history of modern Chinese literature, "The Diary of a Madman", which laid the cornerstone of the New Literature Movement. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he participated in the work of "New Youth" magazine and became the main leader of the "May 4th" New Culture Movement.

Between 1918 and 1926, he successively created and published the novel collections "Scream", "Wandering", the essay collection "Grave", the prose poem collection "Weeds", the essay collection "Morning Blossoms Picked Up at Dusk", and the essay collection. "Hot Wind", "Huagai Collection", "Huagai Collection Sequel" and other special volumes. Among them, the novella "The True Story of Ah Q" published in December 1921 is an immortal masterpiece in the history of modern Chinese literature. In August 1926, he was wanted by the Beiyang warlord government for supporting the Beijing student patriotic movement. He went south to serve as the director of the Chinese Department of Xiamen University. In January 1927, he went to Guangzhou, the then revolutionary center, and served as the academic director of Sun Yat-sen University. He arrived in Shanghai in October 1927 and began living with his student Xu Guangping. In 1929, his son Zhou Haiying was born. Since 1930, he has participated in the Chinese Freedom Movement Alliance, the Chinese Left-wing Writers Alliance and the Chinese Civil Rights Protection Alliance to resist the dictatorship and political persecution of the Kuomintang government. From 1927 to 1936, he created most of the works in the historical novel collection "New Stories" and a large number of essays, which were collected in "Ji Ji Ji", "San Xian Ji", "Two Hearts Collection", and "Nan Qian Bei Diao Ji" ", "Pseudo Free Letters", "Quan Feng Yue Tan", "Lace Literature", "Qie Jie Ting's Essays", "Qie Jie Ting's Essays, Part Two", "Qie Jie Ting's Essays, The Last Series", "Ji Wai Ji" and Special collections such as "Collections from Jiwai Ji". Lu Xun made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings throughout his life: he led and supported literary groups such as "Weiming Society" and "Chaohua Society"; he edited "National Newspaper Supplement" (Type B) and "Wangyuan" , "Yusi", "Running", "Grudge", "Translation" and other literary journals; enthusiastically care for and actively cultivate young authors; vigorously translate foreign progressive literary works and introduce famous paintings and woodcuts at home and abroad; collect, research and organize A large amount of classical literature, compiled "Chinese Novel", Lu Xun's anatomy score was 59 points, they suspected that the anatomy teacher Fujino Genkuro leaked the test questions to him. This made Lu Xun deeply feel that as a weak country The sorrow of the people. Once, in the slideshow shown before class, Lu Xun was greatly stimulated when he saw a Chinese man being captured and beheaded by the Japanese army, while a group of Chinese people stood by and watched as if nothing had happened. This made him realize that mental numbness is more terrible than physical weakness.

To change the tragic fate of the Chinese nation in a modern world with many powerful countries, the first thing is to change the spirit of the Chinese people, and the first thing that is good at changing the spirit of the Chinese people is literature and art. So Lu Xun abandoned medicine to pursue literature, left Sendai Medical College, returned to Tokyo, translated foreign literary works, organized literary magazines, published articles, and engaged in literary activities. At that time, what he discussed most with his friends was the issue of Chinese national character: What is ideal human nature? What is lacking most in Chinese national character? What is its root cause? Through this kind of thinking, Lu Xun put his personal life into perspective. The experience was linked to the fate of the entire Chinese nation, which laid the basic ideological foundation for his later career as a writer and thinker. At that time, he and his second brother Zhou Zuoren jointly translated two volumes of "Collection of Foreign Novels", and he personally published a series of works such as "Scientific History and Education", "Cultural Partialism", and "The Power of Moro Poetry". Important Papers. In these papers, he put forward the important idea that "building a country" must first "build people", and enthusiastically called for "spiritual warriors" whose "intentions are in resistance and their return is in actions."

While studying in Japan, Lu Xun gained a clearer understanding of the development of contemporary world culture, had more practical thinking about the future and destiny of the Chinese nation, and initially formed his independent world view and Outlook on life, however, Lu Xun was not a hero who "raised his arms and responded". Not only were his thoughts and feelings incomprehensible to most Chinese people at the time, but it was also difficult to get a wide response among students studying in Japan. The foreign novels he translated could only sell a few dozen copies, and the literary magazine he organized was not published due to lack of funds. The financial difficulties forced Lu Xun to return to China to seek employment. In 1909, he returned from Japan and worked as a teacher in Hangzhou Zhejiang Normal School (today's Hangzhou Senior High School) and Shaoxing Fu Middle School. This period was a period of extremely depressed thought for Lu Xun. The Revolution of 1911 in 1911 also gave him a moment of excitement, but then came the continuous dramas of historical tragedies such as Yuan Shikai's proclaiming himself emperor and Zhang Xun's restoration. The Revolution of 1911 did not change the reality of China's stagnation and backwardness and its desire to be bullied by Western imperialism. historical destiny. The chaos of society, the disaster of the nation, and the misfortune of his personal marital life all made Lu Xun feel depressed and depressed. At this time, life is like a cup of bitter wine, which is drunk in the stomach and bitter in the heart. You want to spit it out, but you cannot bear it. But precisely because of this, when the May 4th New Culture Movement occurred, his long-repressed thoughts and feelings violently erupted like lava through literary works. At that time, he was already working in the Ministry of Education and moved to Beijing with the Ministry of Education.

In 1918, Lu Xun published his first vernacular novel "A Madman's Diary" in the magazine "New Youth". It was also China's earliest modern vernacular novel, marking that the development of Chinese novels had entered a new era. era. This novel embodies all of Lu Xun's painful life experiences from his childhood to that time and all his painful thoughts on the modern destiny of the Chinese nation. Through the mouth of a "madman", it denounced the thousands-year history of China's feudal autocracy as a history of "cannibalism" and issued a stern question to the stagnant and backward Chinese society: "This has always been the case, is it right?" and loudly shouted: "Save the children!" It can be said that Lu Xun's "Diary of a Madman" is a crusade against the traditional feudal autocratic culture and a manifesto calling for the reconstruction of a new modern Chinese culture. With the poignant voice of the insulted and harmed Chinese nation, it declared to the world the will and belief of the Chinese nation to rise again.

After "Diary of a Madman", Lu Xun couldn't stop publishing. He published many short stories in succession, which were later compiled into two short story collections "Scream" and "Wandering", which were published in 1923 and 1926 respectively. publishing.

Lu Xun’s novels are not numerous in number, but they are of great significance. Only with Lu Xun did Chinese novels focus on the broader subject area of ??the lowest class of society and describe the daily life and mental conditions of these people at the bottom. This is inseparable from Lu Xun's creative purpose. Lu Xun said: "I draw most of my materials from the unfortunate people in a diseased society. The purpose is to expose the suffering of illness and attract attention for treatment.

"("Collection of Nanqiangbei Tiao·How Do I Start a Novel") This creative purpose of expressing and improving life made him mainly describe Kong Yiji, Hua Laoshuan, Sister-in-law Shan, Ah Q, Chen Shicheng, and Sister-in-law Xianglin. The most common tragic fate of the most ordinary people, such as Ai Gu and others, lives at the bottom of society and most needs sympathy, compassion, care and love from the people around them. However, in the Chinese society at that time, which lacked sincere love, people What they are given is insult, discrimination, indifference and callousness. Is this a normal society? Is this kind of human relationship a reasonable human relationship? What makes us most sad is that they live in a loveless world. , are deeply tortured by life, but they also lack sincere sympathy for each other. They adopt an attitude of indifference and even appreciation for the tragic fate of their own kind, and vent their suffering by bullying people weaker than themselves. The resentment accumulated when being oppressed and bullied. In "Kong Yiji", there is a t-shirt customer who maliciously mocks Kong Yiji; in "The True Story of Ah Q", others bully Ah Q, and Ah Q bullies those who are weaker than him. The little nun; in "Blessing", the villagers of Lu Town appreciate the tragedy of Sister Xianglin as an interesting story... All of this makes people feel a chill to the bones. This is such a cruel and heartless story. World! What a twisted life this is! Lu Xun’s attitude towards them was “sad for their misfortune, angry for their inability to fight”. Lu Xun loved them, but he hoped that they would wake up, that they could be self-reliant, self-reliant, self-reliant, and stand tall. Be a human being and strive for your own happy future.

In addition to the images of characters at the bottom of society, Lu Xun also created the images of some newly awakened intellectuals who have progressive requirements and good wishes to improve society. , have sincere feelings and sincere love for others and themselves, but the society at that time could not tolerate them. The "madman" cursed the phenomenon of cannibalism and hoped that everyone could become a "non-cannibal". For a "real person", people around him regard him as a madman and want to get rid of him quickly ("Diary of a Madman"); He used his blood to cure his son's illness ("Medicine"); Wei Lianshu cared about Chinese society, but society came to persecute him. When he no longer cared about Chinese society, people around him came to fawn over him ("The Lonely"). Lu Weifu in "At the Restaurant", Zijun and Juansheng in "Sadness" all pursued and struggled for society and themselves, but in the stagnant and backward Chinese society, they all experienced tragic fates. Lu Xun. To sympathize with these intellectuals is to sympathize with Chinese society and care about the fate of the Chinese nation, because in the society at that time, these intellectuals were the only ones still struggling for social progress.

Lu Xun’s two views on society. Human beings have an attitude of deep hatred, that is, those powerful people and hypocrites. Guo Laowa in "Divorce", the Seven Masters in "Divorce", etc. are all images of powerful people in the Chinese society at that time, but they had no sincere concern for the fate of others and no concern for society. There is no enthusiasm for progress. They only care about their own power and status. They are selfish, hypocritical and callous, hindering the progress and improvement of society. Si Ming in "Soap" and Master Gao in "Old Master Gao" are fake Taoists and hypocrites. They claim to care about social morality, but in fact they themselves have no moral conscience.

New house in Santiao Hutong, Xixi.

In June, the second volume of "A Brief History of Chinese Novels" was printed. In the same month, he also revised "Ji Kang Collection" and wrote and corrected the preface to "Ji Kang Collection".

Stayed in Xi'an to give lectures in July, and returned to Beijing in August.

In October, the essay "The Symbol of Depression" written by Hakumura Shirakawa was translated into Japanese.

He still serves as a lecturer at Peking University, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Women's Higher Normal School and Esperanto College.

In the winter of that year, I wrote an article for "Yusi" weekly.

Age 45, 1925

In August, because of the illegal dissolution of Beijing Women’s Normal University by the Director-General of Education Zhang Shizhao, Mr. and most of the faculty and staff were organized into a school maintenance committee and were arrested. Zhang Shizhao was dismissed from office illegally.

In November, the first episode of Zagan "Hot Wind" was printed.

In December, it was translated into "Out of the Tower of Ivory" by Hakumura Hakumura from Japan.

That year, he continued to write articles for "Yusi" and edited the supplement of "National Newspaper" and "Wangyuan" magazine.

Since the autumn of that year, he has concurrently served as a lecturer at Peking University, Beijing Women's Normal University, China University, and a teacher at Liming Middle School.

1926: Forty-six years old

In January, the Women's Normal University was restored and the new president Yi Peiji took office. Mr. Yi Peiji began to step down from his responsibilities. In the same month, the Ministry of Education resumed its duties and took up a post in the Ministry.

In March, after the "March 18th" massacre, he took refuge in Yamamoto Hospital, German Hospital, French Hospital, etc., and did not return home until May.

Starting from July, I went to Central Park every day to translate "Little John" with Qi Zongyi.

At the end of August, he left Beijing for Xiamen and served as professor of liberal arts at Xiamen University.

"Wandering" was printed in September.

Resigned in December due to dissatisfaction with the school.

1927: Forty-seven years old

He went to Guangzhou in January and served as the director of the Literature Department and the dean of academic affairs at Sun Yat-sen University.

In February, I went to Hong Kong to give a speech titled: "Silent China". The next day's speech was titled: "The old tune has been sung!" 》.

On the Yellow Flower Festival in March, I went to Lingnan University to give a lecture. On the same day, he moved to Baiyun Tower.

Lectured at Huangpu Political School in April. On the 15th, I went to an emergency meeting with the directors of Sun Yat-sen University to rescue the arrested students, but it was ineffective and I resigned.

In July, he gave a lecture at Zhiyong Middle School and an "Academic Lecture" hosted by the Municipal Education Bureau, titled "Study Talk" and "The Relationship between Wei and Jin Styles and Articles, Medicine and Wine."

In August, he started compiling the "Collection of Legends of the Tang and Song Dynasties". In the same month, "Wild Grass" was printed.

On the 8th, he moved to No. 23 Jingyunli and lived with Ms. Xu Guangping of Panyu.

Arrived in Shanghai in October. When Mr. Wen arrived, many schools in Shanghai invited him to give lectures, such as Labor University, Lida Academy, Fudan University, Jinan University, Daxia University, Zhonghua University, Guanghua University, etc.

In December, he was appointed by Cai Yuanpei, dean of the University College, as a special writer. In the same month, the first volume of "Collection of Legends of Tang and Song Dynasties" was published.

1928: Forty-eight years old

In February, "Little John" was printed. In the same month, he translated "On Modern Art Trends" for "Beixin Monthly" and edited "Yusi". The second volume of "Collection of Legends of Tang and Song Dynasties" is printed.

In May, I went to Jiangwan Experimental Middle School to give a lecture titled: "Theory of Not Dying in Old Age."

The translation of "Thoughts? Landscapes? Figures" was published in June. The first issue of "Running" is published.

The November short review "Just Collection" was printed.

Forty-nine years old in 1929

In January, he jointly printed literary and artistic books and woodcuts "Yiyuan Chaohua" with Wang Fangren, Cui Zhenwu, Rou Shi and others, referred to as Chaohua Society .

In May, "Bixia Translation Series" was printed. On the 13th of the same month, I went north to visit my relatives. He also gave lectures at Yenching University, Peking University, Second Normal College, First Normal College and other schools.

Returned to Shanghai on June 5th. In the same month, Lunakarski's "On Art" was translated and published.

On the morning of September 27th, a boy was born.

The child was named Haiying on October 1st. In the same month, he edited the novella "February" for Rou Shi. In the same month, the translation of Lunakarski's "Literature and Criticism" was published.

Go to Jinan University to give a lecture in December.

Fifty years old, 1930

The Flower Club ended in January. In the same month, he co-edited the monthly magazine "Grudge" with friends and published it. Started translating "Destruction".

In February, the "Grand Freedom Alliance" held its founding meeting.

Participated in the "Left-wing Writers Alliance Founding Meeting" on March 2nd. At this time, the Zhejiang Provincial Party Headquarters petitioned for the arrest of "reactionary literati Lu Xun". The "Freedom Alliance" was severely suppressed, and my husband left his apartment and took refuge. At the same time, the tooth was swollen and painful, and the entire tooth was removed, making it difficult to install a denture. Returned to the apartment in April. Contracted with Shenzhou Guangshe to compile the "Modern Literature and Art Series".

Moved into the apartment on North Sichuan Road on May 12th.

In August, I went to give a lecture at the "Summer Literary Seminar". In the same month, the translation of Jacob Vulev's novel "October" was completed.

In September, I finished editing "The Quiet Don River" for He Fei and got fever from overwork.

On the 17th of the same month, I attended my husband’s 50th anniversary party sponsored by several friends at the Dutch Western Restaurant.

On October 4th and 5th, we held a "printmaking exhibition" together with Uchiyama Kanzo on the upper floor of the first store of "Purchasing Group" on North Sichuan Road. In the same month, the translation of "Medicinal Plants" was completed.

Revised "A Brief History of Chinese Novels" in November.

1931 Fifty-one years old

On January 20, Rou Shi was arrested and his husband left his apartment and took refuge.

In February Mayfield's "Picture of Shimintu" was printed.

I returned to my old apartment on the 28th of the same month.

In March, Mr. Wang presided over the publication of the "Left-Left Alliance" magazine "Qian Sentinel".

In April, I went to Tongwen Academy to give a lecture titled: "Rogues and Literature."

Lectures at the "Women's Friends Association" in June.

In July, I finished explaining "A Brief History of Chinese Novels" for Masuda Wataru. In the same month, he went to the "Social Science Research Association" to give a lecture "A Glimpse of Shanghai Literature and Art".

On August 17, Mr. Uchiyama Kaji-kun was invited to teach the students woodcutting. The teacher translated it himself and completed the work on the 22nd. On the 24th, he gave a lecture to the Woodcut Department of the 18th Art Society.

The collection of Ji Kang was revised in November and printed in the Song Dynasty with the scene of Hanfen Tower. The same month "Destruction" was produced.

In December, the tenth issue of "Cross Streets" co-edited with friends was published.

1932 Fifty-two years old

On January 29, he encountered a war and was in the line of fire. The next day I took refuge in Neishan Bookstore.

On February 6, friends from Neishan Bookstore escorted him to the Neishan branch in the British Concession for temporary shelter.

In April, short commentaries from 1928 and 29 were compiled, titled: "San Xian Ji". Compiled essays from 1930 to 1931, titled "Collection of Two Hearts".

A self-recorded list of translated books in May.

In September, the first volume of a collection of twenty novelists from New Russia was compiled, titled: "The Harp". I have finished compiling the next volume, which is called "A Day's Work".

"Book of Two Places" will be printed in October.

On November 9, I went to hospital due to mother's illness. From the 22nd of the same month, he gave lectures at Peking University, Fu Jen Catholic University, Peking University, Women's College of Arts and Sciences, Normal University, China University, etc.

Aged 53, 1933

On January 4, Cai Yuanpei was invited by letter to join the "Civil Rights Protection Alliance" and was elected as an executive member.

On February 17, Cai Yuanpei sent a letter inviting him to Soong Ching Ling’s house to welcome George Bernard Shaw.

In March, "Selected Works of Lu Xun" was published in Tianma Bookstore. On the 27th of the same month, the books were moved to Dee Siwe Road and stored in the tax house.

Moved to No. 9, Mainland New Village on April 11th.

Go to the German Consulate on May 13 to submit a letter of protest against the "Fascist" atrocities.

On June 20, Yang Quan was assassinated and was buried at Wanguo Funeral Home. From time to time, a gentleman would say something unavoidable or block his actions, but he would ignore it and go out without the door key as a sign of determination.

In July, the monthly "Literature" was published, and my husband was one of its colleagues.

The woodcut comic strip "A Man's Passion" edited by Mr. October was printed. In the same month, the "Wood Carving Exhibition" was held in Qianairi. The collection of short commentaries "Pseudo Freedom Book" was printed.

Twenty-three years (1934) Fifty-four years old

In January, "Beiping Jianpu" was published.

The collection of essays compiled in March, "Nanqiangbeidiaoji", was printed in the same month.

In May, the woodcut "Yinyu Collection" edited by Mr. was published.

The first issue of "Translation" was published in August. On the 23rd of the same month, he was arrested because of an acquaintance and fled his apartment.

In October, "Wood Engraving Chronicles" was printed.

On the night of December 14th, I had pain in my spine and night sweats. After the illness, I became very thin and my dentures did not fit properly with my gums. In the same month, the collection of short commentaries "Quan Feng Yue Tan" was published.

1935: Fifty-five years old

In January, he completed the translation of the Soviet Union's Bantay Leif fairy tale "Biao".

In February, the translation of Gogol's "Dead Souls" began.

In April, the first volume of "Ten Bamboo House Notes" was printed.

In June, two volumes of novels from the "New Literature Series" were edited and published, together with an introduction.

In September, the translation of "Russian Fairy Tales" by Gorky was published.

In December, I compiled the first volume of Qu Qiubai's posthumous work "The Forest Above the Sea".

Continue writing "New Stories" in November.

In December, I compiled the woodcut version of "Hundred Pictures of Dead Souls" and wrote a preface.

1936: Fifty-six years old

For one month, I suffered severe pain in my shoulder and flank. On the 20th of the same month, the bimonthly "Haiyan" co-organized with the Friendship Association was published. After completing the revision of the "New Story", it was published as a book.

The translation of the second part of "Dead Souls" will begin in February.

I suddenly became short of breath on the afternoon of March 2nd.

On April 7, I went to Liangyou Company and selected "Soviet Printmaking" for them. In the same month, he compiled the second volume of "Sea and Forest".

She fell ill again on May 15th. The doctor said she had a stomach problem, and the fever did not go away. On the 31st, Ms. Smedley brought Dr. Deng from the United States to diagnose her. She was in critical condition.

In June, I gradually recovered from the fatigue and was able to sit up and read. It can be roughly counted as a cross. In the same month, while ill, he replied to the interviewer O.V. "On our current literary movement." And "Lace Literature" was printed.

In July, the "Selected Prints of Kasui Kollwitz" edited by Mr. was published.

In August, blood is seen in the phlegm. Wrote an essay for the first issue of "Zhongliu".

In October, he weighed 88 pounds, about two pounds more than on August 1. The translation of Anton Chekhov's "Bad Boys and Other Strange Anecdotes" is published. Can occasionally go out to watch movies and visit friends.

Go to the Youth Association on the 8th to watch the second "National Woodcut Mobile Exhibition".

On the 17th, I visited Ludi Gen and the inner mountains to complete the construction.

He developed a seizure before dawn on the 18th and could not stop breathing.

Died at 5:25 am on the 19th.

6. Used pen names

Qian Fan Fei Xun Zhi Geng Shu Zhi Du Luo Ao Falcon Pang Wu Pre L.S. Ding Ding Ding Mengshi Yao E.L. and Fengzhi Ming Fengyu Yuan Gen, Yuan Dynasty, Bu Tang Zhong La Chang Geng Gong Khan, Ba Ren Long Gang Qiejie, Literary History, Lai Shi, White Tongue, Taoist Order, Feifei Feidong, Chinese Music, Wenle, Ben Lewen, Pinyin Reporter, Dongxuan Zhongdu, Huayu, Zi Shuxu Xia Xu Xia Xun Xing Wei Suo Du Fei He Qian Yi Zun Yu Ming Translator Zhang Pei A Er A Fa Miao Straight into Ming Se Luo Dun Pei Wei Zhou Shu Mourning Geng Chen Geng Yan Meng Hu Feng Yu Xun Ji Ru Chuan Shuren Waiting Hall Independent Jiang Keluo Father-in-law flies to Ao, Mo Zhen, peach vertebrae, Suo Shi, Suozi, Xiaojiao, Weng Falcon, Tang Dynasty, traveler Falcon, Shuoer family, cadre family, banquet, teaching, Ming Zhaoyan, Huang Ji Meng, Wen Xue, Chang Geng, Man Xue, Chong Xun, Fu Ling, Kang Yu, Sui Dynasty, Wenyue Ding Yueshan, Yueqiao, Yuerong, Chu Guan, Lu Xun, respecting ancient travels, sightseeing, editor, Yu Ming, Yu Cai, Yan Ke, Huo Chong, Ru Niu, Xiao Zi, Feng Yu, Wei Shiyao, Deng Shibai, Xuanhua, Joseph Qiwu, Du Deji, He Jiagan and He Jiaugong. That is, Lu Xun, Zhang Chenglu, Zhang Luru, Zhou Yucai, Zhou Dongxuan, Zhou Zhangshou, Zhou Yucai, Mizi Zhang, Zhao Lingyi, a certain living person, Ni Shuoer, Luan Tingshi, Tang Fengyu, Tang and Yuan Dynasties, Huang Kaiyin, Jiansheng, Kangbodu, Sui Dynasty, Luowen, Ge Hede, Dong Jihe, Jingyi Zun, editor of Chaohua Society, editor, compiler, and ELEF, who lived in Shanghai. Reporter Banquet’s Teacher Chu Guan Bingsou China Education Society Benliu Society Fans Translation Society Fans Tiemu Art Society Traveling to Shanghai A Reporter Chaohua Society Fans Shanghai Sanxian Bookstore

7. Read and download

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Lu Xun Memorial Hall: /luxun

Mr. Lu Xun Memorial Website:

9. The three Lu Xun brothers

The three Lu Xun brothers Will

Wang Jinyou

On October 19, 1936, Lu Xun passed away in Shanghai. Before his death, he made his last words: "1. Don't accept any money for funerals, except for friends. 2. Stop it, bury it, pull it down. 3. Don't do anything to commemorate. 4. Forget me , Take care of your own life. If not, you are really stupid. 5. If your child grows up and has no talent, you can find some small things to make a living. 6. Don't be a short-term writer or artist. Things should not be taken seriously.

7. Don’t get close to those who harm others but oppose retaliation and advocate tolerance. "Shakespeare said: "A person's last words, like deep music, have a natural power to attract attention. "Lu Xun was such a person. Although he passed away more than 70 years ago, his last words have always attracted people's attention and inspired people to think.

In addition to "Simple funeral arrangements" In addition to "forgetting sadness", compared with many other deceased celebrities, Lu Xun's last words have three unique features. The first is "valuing friends". Lu Xun made it clear that "you cannot accept any money for funerals." Not from subordinates, not from colleagues, not from neighbors, not even from opponents. But this is not the case for friends. This shows how pure and sincere Lu Xun is about friendship. Second, "Don't forget to fight." When he was about to leave this world, he repeatedly told future generations, "Never become a short-term writer or artist. " This shows that Lu Xun deeply hated "empty writers and artists" and would scold them even to death. Third, "be wary of temptation." Lu Xun said: "Don't take things that others promise you seriously." . Promising you a promotion, promising you a fortune, promising you loyalty, promising you happiness, are all based on wanting to get something from you. Just as it is said in "Warring States Policy": "Those who give you money will lose it when the money is gone; Those who use sex to communicate will lose their beauty and love you; those who use power to communicate will lose their power and leave their relatives. "

On April 26, 1965, the 80-year-old Zhou Zuoren knew that he would not be able to afford it, so he also made a will: "I am already 80 years old this year, and I will die without regrets. I will leave you a few words to consider my death. Guidelines for managing things. After my death, I will be cremated, or my ashes will be left as usual, or I will be buried casually. The most ideal thing is for people to die without a trace. The writings of the rest of my life were not worthy of praise, but the translation of "Greek Mythology" in my later years was my wish for 50 years. Those who know it should know it. "More than two years later, Zhou Zuoren died on May 6, 1967.

It is indeed a blessing for a person to live to be 80 years old, so Zhou Zuoren "died without regrets." . And he is very rational and peaceful about the coming death, because he understands that death means death, whether you are afraid of it or reluctant to leave it, this day will come. It will eventually come. I have read a lot of Zhou Zuoren's articles in recent years. Most of them are very humane and not as "unsatisfactory" as he said. Unfortunately, I have read "Greek Mythology". If you haven't read it yet, you can't be considered a "knower".

Zhou Jianren, the youngest of the three Zhou brothers, died in Beijing on July 29, 1984. He was the most senior among the three brothers. The tallest one was the governor of Zhejiang Province and the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. He was also the longest-lived, living to the age of 96. His will was: "My funeral should be simple and the customs of red tape should be changed. Now everyone is working hard to build socialist modernization. Funds are precious and time is also precious. We cannot waste the state's money on funerals and waste everyone's time. After my death, there will be no memorial service or farewell ceremony. The body will be handed over to the medical school for doctors to perform an autopsy. Finally, the ashes were scattered into the rivers and seas. This is how the ashes of the great revolutionary teacher Engels were handled. As Marxists, we should learn from his radical revolutionary spirit. ”

Zhou Jianren’s will clearly bears the mark of the times. It may also be that because of his different status, he stood at a higher angle in order to embody the “thorough revolutionary spirit” of Marxists.

The three Zhou brothers are all social celebrities. Although their outlook on life is different, they have exactly the same idea of ??"quick decay" after death.