"Monk" originally came from the Sanskrit word Upādhyāya, which was pronounced as "wuyue" in the Western Regions and "Monk" in the Han Dynasty, meaning "teacher". Monk is a kind of honorific title. Only those who are qualified as teachers can be called monks. Not everyone can be called a monk. This title is not limited to men, but also includes qualified monks. But later, this word was used as a title for ordinary monks, and it was generally considered as a male-only noun, which was inconsistent with the original intention.

In Han areas, it is customary to call monks men and nuns women. Is this the right name? Monks are short for Sangha, meaning "the masses". Sangha is a group of monks and Buddhists. It takes at least four people to form a Sangha. So a person can't be called a sangha, but a monk, just as a soldier can't be called an army, but a soldier. Both men and women who become monks are within the Sangha and can be called monks. It is wrong to regard "monk" and "nun" as the difference between men and women. As for the word "Ni", it comes from the suffixes of Shamini and Bhikuni, which is the abbreviation of the Han nationality for becoming a nun. There is also the custom of adding ancient characters under the word Ni.

The mage was originally a degree title. Only those who are proficient in Buddhism can be called wizards, not everyone can be called wizards. There is also a higher education. Those who are proficient in Confucian classics and Tibetan classics are called teachers, those who are proficient in law and Tibetan classics are called lawyers, and those who are proficient in Tibetan studies are called commentators. Even higher is Master Sanzang, a classic master of Sanzang. For example, Xuanzang and Yijing in the Tang Dynasty all won this title.

Monk: In ancient India, the teacher was called Upadhyaya, transliterated as Wubotoye or Wubotoye, and the provincial pronunciation was Wushe and Monk. It means a teacher, a doctor, etc. In ancient times, it was also translated as close to reciting and living vigorously. It means that disciples are taught by teachers, often follow the teacher to recite scriptures, and rely on the strength of teachers to be born with Buddhism, wisdom and merits. There are two kinds of monks: one is a monk, commonly known as a shaved monk; Second, the monks on the altar who were banned by monks are commonly known as banned monks or banned monks. If you accept the mantle of a monk, you can also call him a monk or a monk. The name of a female monk is the same as that of a male monk, and only in the first crown "Ni" (Sanskrit negative affix -Ni) is she called a female monk. Now some people call nuns nuns. According to the legal system, the honorific title of monks was initially limited to monks. In the 4th year of Yongjia in the Western Jin Dynasty (365,438+00), Buddhist figures from the western regions came to Luoyang, where they were deeply respected by Schleswig and Shi Hu, and were called "big monks". In the Tang Dynasty, there were honorifics of "Jian Zhen Monk" and "Bukong Monk", referring to monks who preached precepts and dharma. The Buddhist jungle (monk group) in Han Dynasty had strict regulations on professional titles. All the monks in the temple call the abbot of this big monk group a monk, and the rest can't. When a monk's term expires, he is called a retired monk, commonly known as an old monk. Because Buddhism has a long history in China, the word "monk" is deeply rooted in people's hearts. Ordinary people don't know the internal name of Buddhism. All monks are called monks, and there are young monks, big monks and old monks according to their age. In some rural areas, people who know their common surname even call them monks, which is extremely inappropriate.

Master: refers to monks and nuns who are proficient in Buddhism, can practice Buddhism, and are good at teaching teaching teaching methods to others. For example, those who are proficient in the Confucian classics of Sanzang are called Sanzang masters. Broadly speaking, when the Buddha was alive, many heretics were preaching their teachings, that is, the well-known wizards. Among the "No.10" Buddhas, there is No.1 Master of Heaven and Man, that is to say, the Buddha is an exorcist who says "Heaven and Man". In Buddhist scriptures, the qualification of a mage has its specific meaning, and its application is also very extensive. For example, Hokkekyo's masterpiece says: There are five kinds of wizards: receiving, reading, reciting, explaining and writing. There are ten kinds of wizards debating on the border of China. Mage is also synonymous with bodhisattva. For example, the theory of yoga master and Mahayana solemn sutra say that the master (speaker) is one of the sixteen synonyms of bodhisattva. In the history of Buddhism in China, monks who became monks were generally regarded as wizards. Taoism is influenced by Buddhism, and Taoist priests are good at praying with various spells, also known as wizards. For example, in the Six Classics of the Tang Dynasty, "a Taoist has three paths, one is called a mage, the other is called a master of ceremonies, and the third is called a lawyer."